Connect with us

Colorado

Searching for Colorado’s little-known fireflies

Published

on

Searching for Colorado’s little-known fireflies


Banner image: Fireflies dance over a field near Sawhill Ponds in Boulder, Colorado. (Credit: Peleg Lab)

Owen Martin steps carefully through the knee-high grass growing up around a long-abandoned railroad track near Sawhill Ponds in Boulder, Colorado. It’s almost pitch black out. The sun set 45 minutes ago, and the only light now comes from the distant buzz of cars on Valmont Road.

 Get involved

Students, Colorado residents and more can sign up to help record firefly flashes.

Advertisement

Volunteer Now

Or almost the only light. If you let your eyes adjust to the dark, you can just make out the twinkle from hundreds of faint specks. They flash on and off as if someone spilled yellow-green glitter across this empty field. 

Martin, a doctoral student in computer science at CU Boulder, is hunting for fireflies.

“There’s one right there,” he says, holding up a butterfly net. “It’s leading me on a little chase.”

Many people who call Colorado home might be surprised to learn that fireflies (or lightning bugs, depending on who you ask) also live in the state. But, if you’re lucky, you might stumble on a few pockets of these insects lighting up the night. You just need to know when and where to look.

Advertisement

That’s what Martin and his advisor Orit Peleg are trying to figure out now. In a project that blends technology with natural history, researchers in Peleg’s lab have spent summers since 2018 traveling across the state in search of fireflies. They use 360-degree cameras to learn more about the insects, including the patterns they make with their flashes. In many ways, the team is in a race against time. In Colorado, as in other places around the world, firefly populations may be vanishing as a result of humans paving over wetland habitats and saturating the night sky with artificial light.

“Firefly flashes are like a little, secret language,” said Peleg, associate professor in the BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Computer Science. “They are very special, and we have a lot to learn from them.”

 

Introducing Colorado fireflies

It’s a new experience for Martin. The researcher grew up not far from this natural area in Louisville, Colorado, but had never seen a firefly at home until three years ago. He said that observing these animals in the wild is a “wonderous feeling.”

Advertisement

“It’s all dark, and you feel like the rest of the world isn’t there anymore,” he said. “You feel like you are floating in space, and there are all these stars moving around you.”

A male Photuris firefly coated in pollen sits on a thistle plant near the Boulder Reservoir. (Credit: Owen Martin)

A red light illuminates a man wearing a cap in the dark

Owen Martin uses a red light to examine a firefly in the field. (Credit: Owen Martin)

At Sawhill Ponds, he’s trapped one of those stars now. He gingerly moves the insect from his canvas net to a covered petri dish. The firefly is about a half-inch long, and you can just make out its orangish head and black wings. A light organ on the bug’s abdomen glows, flashing like the beacon from a lighthouse. 

Fireflies belong to a family of beetles known as Lampyridae, and roughly 2,000 species of fireflies can be found across the globe. It’s not clear how many live in Colorado. The insects near Sawhill Ponds belong to a common genus called Photuris. The name roughly translates to “light terror” because female Photuris fireflies sometimes use flashes to lure in, then devour males from different species. 

Advertisement

Entomology collections at the CU Museum of Natural History include specimens from Photuris and four other genera found in 19 Colorado counties—ranging from Yuma County in the northeast to Montezuma in the southwest. Martin himself has observed fireflies in the town of Divide, which sits near Pikes Peak at an altitude of more than 9,000 feet.

Still, there are good reasons why these luminous animals remain such a mystery in the state. Unlike fireflies in the eastern U.S., which can abound all summer long, Colorado fireflies tend to cluster in swampy areas and are active for just a few weeks per year—appearing in the second half of June, then disappearing again by mid-July. Martin’s research is supported through the President’s Teaching Scholars Program and Timmerhaus Fund Ambassadors at the University of Colorado and by the City of Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks.

“A lot of people here come from places like the Midwest where they’ve seen fireflies. But they don’t know about them in their own backyards,” said Martin, who wants to raise “firefly literacy” in the Front Range.

Speaking firefly

Part of that goal hinges on understanding their secret language, Peleg said.

She explained that male fireflies flash to attract females, which often remain hidden on the ground. Each firefly species, however, has its own, unique flash pattern. 

Advertisement

“It’s like Morse code,” she said. “It’s this simple light on, light off signal, and that’s probably as close as it gets to computer language, ones and zeros, in the animal kingdom.”

To explore those patterns, her team uses 360-degree GoPro cameras to record fireflies in the wild. They then feed those recordings into computer programs that analyze the patterns. In recent research, for example, the group dug into the flashing behavior of fireflies in the Great Smoky Mountains of Tennessee—where thousands of insects synchronize their displays so that they all flash in unison, bathing entire hillsides in light.

Peleg’s team found that these animals seem to achieve that feat by observing how their neighbors are flashing, then adjusting their behavior to match.

Martin is gathering similar insights into Colorado’s fireflies. Eventually, he and Peleg want to build a library of firefly flash patterns—a sort of Google Translate for insects. That way, people could record video of fireflies flashing, then automatically identify what species they’re looking at.

Protecting diversity

The researchers hope they can collect their data before it’s too late.

Advertisement

 How you can help fireflies

Coloradans can help protect fireflies by following these tips from the Butterfly Pavillion:

  • Support land conservation and habitat restoration.
  • Stay on designated paths when visiting natural areas to avoid damaging their habitat.
  • Enjoy fireflies in the wild and don’t catch them.
  • Turn off unnecessary lights near their habitats in June through August.

Across the globe, research on fireflies remains scarce. But a growing number of hints suggests that some species may be disappearing. 

In Colorado, artificial light is a major threat. Studies of fireflies from the eastern United States show that streetlights and other nighttime illumination can wash out the signals that fireflies are trying to communicate. It’s a bit like trying to carry on a conversation in the middle of a crowded bar. (Such “light pollution” can also make it more difficult to see the stars from Colorado). 

But there are a number of actions people can take to protect vulnerable firefly habitats. Martin and Peleg invite curious Coloradans to volunteer to help out with the research project. A team at the Butterfly Pavillion near Denver is also raising adult fireflies from larvae, which could one day be released into the wild. 

The potential of those actions is on display at Sawhill Ponds. There, a strange light has caught Martin’s attention. It’s a firefly, but one with an oddly orange-colored light.

Advertisement

After a few swipes of his net, the scientist captures the mysterious insect. It’s noticeably smaller than the Photuris bug he caught earlier. It’s a Pyractomena, a completely different firefly genus and one Martin has not recorded at this spot before.

“This could be very exciting,” he says.

The new insect is a reminder that scientists still have a lot to learn about fireflies in Colorado. Martin encourages everyone to get out and look.

“Turn your lights off,” he said. “Then, between the middle of June and the middle of July, try to take some walks at night in your local wetland areas and see if you can find some.”



Source link

Advertisement

Colorado

Tina Peters’ lawyers try to convince Colorado court to overturn conviction for voting system breach – WTOP News

Published

on

Tina Peters’ lawyers try to convince Colorado court to overturn conviction for voting system breach – WTOP News


DENVER (AP) — Lawyers for former Colorado elections clerk Tina Peters will try to convince a state appeals court on…

DENVER (AP) — Lawyers for former Colorado elections clerk Tina Peters will try to convince a state appeals court on Wednesday to overturn her conviction in a case revolving around the 2020 presidential election as her supporters, including President Donald Trump, continue to pressure the state to set her free.

Peters, the former clerk in Mesa County, was convicted of state crimes for orchestrating a data breach of the county’s elections equipment, driven by false claims about voting machine fraud after Trump lost his reelection bid. She is serving a nine-year sentence at a prison in Pueblo after being convicted in 2024 in her home county, a Republican stronghold that supported Trump.

Trump pardoned Peters in December, but his pardon power does not extend to state crimes. Peters’ lawyers have said Trump has the authority to pardon her, arguing that President George Washington issued pardons to people convicted of both state and federal crimes during the Whiskey Rebellion in 1795.

Advertisement

Lawyers for the state pointed out that the governor of Pennsylvania at the time issued pardons to those who broke state laws during the unrest. Peters’ lawyers then argued that the president has a right to pardon people who committed crimes to carry out federal duties, such as preserving election information.

Prosecutors said Peters became fixated on voting problems after becoming involved with activists who had questioned the 2020 presidential election results, including Douglas Frank, an Ohio math teacher, and MyPillow founder Mike Lindell.

Peters used another person’s security badge to allow a former surfer affiliated with Lindell, Conan Hayes, to watch a software update of her county’s election management system. Prosecutors said he made copies of the system’s hard drive before and after the upgrade, and that partially redacted security passwords later turned up online, prompting an investigation. Hayes was not charged with any wrongdoing.

Peters didn’t deny the deception but said she had to do it to make sure election records weren’t erased. She claims she should not have been prosecuted because she had a duty under federal law to preserve them.

Her lawyers also say the partially redacted passwords didn’t pose a security risk and pointed out that some of the same type of voting system passwords for Colorado counties were accidentally posted on a state website until they were discovered in 2024. Prosecutors determined there was no intent to commit a crime so no charges were filed.

Advertisement

Lawyers for the state have argued that Peters did not need to commit crimes to protect election data because her staff had already backed up the information before the upgrade. Instead, they say the hard drive copies captured proprietary Dominion Voting Systems software.

Peters also said District Court Judge Matthew Barrett violated her First Amendment rights by punishing her with a stiff sentence of nearly a decade for making allegations about election fraud. He called her a “charlatan” and said she posed a danger to the community for spreading lies about voting and undermining the democratic process.

Last month, Peters lost an attempt in federal court to be released from prison while she appeals her conviction.

Her lawyers say she is entitled to at least a new sentencing hearing because Barrett based his sentence partially on a contempt conviction in a related case that the appeals court threw out last year. They also are asking the appeals court to recognize Trump’s pardon and immediately set Peters free.

Peters’ release has become a cause celebre in the election conspiracy movement.

Advertisement

Trump has lambasted both Democratic Gov. Jared Polis and the Republican district attorney who brought the charges, Dan Rubinstein, for keeping Peters in prison.

The Federal Bureau of Prisons tried but failed to get Peters moved to a federal prison. Polis has said he is considering granting clemency for Peters, characterizing her sentence as “harsh.”

Jake Lang, who was charged with assaulting a police officer during the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol and was later pardoned by Trump, announced on social media last month that “January 6er Patriots” and U.S. Marshals would storm a Colorado prison to release Peters unless she is freed by the end of this month.

The post included a phone video interview with Peters from behind bars. But a message on Peters’ X account said she is not affiliated with any demonstration or event at the prison and denounced any use of force against it.

Copyright
© 2026 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, written or redistributed.

Advertisement



Source link

Continue Reading

Colorado

Colorado men’s basketball begins two-game Big 12 road swing at Cincinnati

Published

on

Colorado men’s basketball begins two-game Big 12 road swing at Cincinnati


At the moment, Bangot Dak is going up and getting ‘em as well as any rebounder during Colorado’s Tad Boyle era.

Yet even a performance on the defensive glass unseen in years wasn’t enough to curb the Buffaloes’ habit of surrendering offensive rebounds.

The CU men’s basketball team has struggled defensively throughout the season and, more recently, it has also struggled on the glass. Yet CU has an opportunity to correct both shortcomings on Wednesday, as it begins a two-game Big 12 trip against a Cincinnati team that has struggled offensively.

“Coach just tells me to go get it at the highest point. I feel like if I can do that, there’s not a lot of people that we’re going to play against that can go up and get it,” Dak said. “I’m starting to realize that and I’m just going up to get it at the highest point.

Advertisement

“Coach has just been on us about getting those rebounds. I feel like if no one else is going to do it, I’ve got to do it. Coach says no one is going to do the dirty work for you, so somebody has got to step up and do it. I’m trying to make sure teams can’t get offensive rebounds against us.”

Dak has recorded double-digit rebounding totals in each of the past three games and four of the past six, grabbing a career-high 13 during Saturday’s loss against Texas Tech. All 13 of those rebounds occurred on the defensive glass, giving Dak the most defensive rebounds in a game since Jabari Walker recorded 14 against California on Feb. 17, 2022. It’s the most rebounds by a CU player without grabbing a single offensive rebound since Andre Roberson recorded 14 against Dayton on Nov. 15, 2012.

Dak’s rebounding surge, however, hasn’t kept the opposition off the offensive glass, as the Buffs have surrendered at least 12 offensive rebounds in each of the past three games and five of the past seven. While CU will be challenged to correct that against the Bearcats, the matchup also presents an opportunity for the Buffs to put together an improved defensive performance.

Cincinnati began the week ranked last in the Big 12 in scoring (73.6), field goal percentage (.425), 3-point percentage (.311) and free throw percentage (.638). Those struggles can be partially attributed to a few personnel issues as Jizzle James, an honorable mention All-Big 12 selection last year, missed the first 10 games of the season while dealing with a personal matter. James has averaged 11.8 points in six games since returning.

And although the Bearcats enter Wednesday’s matchup 0-3 in the conference, they lost those games by a combined 10 points, opening the Big 12 slate with a seven-point defeat against No. 7 Houston. Last week, Cincinnati lost road games against West Virginia and Central Florida by a combined three points.

Advertisement



Source link

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Colorado

Polis’ budget proposal would cut Colorado support for training new doctors

Published

on

Polis’ budget proposal would cut Colorado support for training new doctors


Gov. Jared Polis’ administration is proposing an $18.2 million cut to Colorado’s funding for medical education, a reduction that hospitals say might force them to reduce training slots.

The cut applies to residency programs, which train medical school graduates for three to seven years before they move into independent practice. Medicare funds direct costs, such as residents’ salaries, for the majority of available slots.

States can then choose whether to use Medicaid — whose costs they split with the federal government — to fund indirect costs and additional slots. Currently, Colorado is one of 23 states that do, according to Polis’ Jan. 2 budget letter.

The Department of Health Care Policy and Financing, which administers the funding, didn’t clarify Monday whether the cut would end the state’s contribution to indirect medical education costs, or if it would continue to provide a smaller amount.

Advertisement

“Reductions in (indirect medical education) payments would be limited to system hospitals, those more able to lean on their systems partners to share financial burden; no rural hospitals would be affected by this policy,” the letter said.

Hospitals also can bill patients’ insurance for services provided by residents, though not for the time that established doctors spend supervising them.

The state faces a challenging budget year, with a shortfall of nearly $1 billion. The governor’s budget proposal, which includes significant cuts to Medicaid beyond reducing spending on medical education, got a less-than-enthusiastic reception from lawmakers when he presented it in November, though.

The American Association of Medical Colleges reported 21 hospitals in Colorado participate in teaching. More than one-quarter of the 1,220 residency slots in the state don’t receive funding for direct costs from Medicare, making indirect cost funding important to maintaining them, it said in a fact sheet.

The $18.2 million cut to medical education at facilities that are part of systems would cost teaching hospitals an additional $41.5 million in federal matching funds, said Heather Retzko, one of the principals at Policy Matters, a lobbying group that works with the hospital industry in Colorado. At this point, the department hasn’t clarified if all 17 teaching hospitals that are part of systems would face equal reductions, she said.

Advertisement



Source link

Continue Reading
Advertisement

Trending