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Inside Wyoming’s State Crime Lab, Which Was Just Named One Of Best In Country

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Inside Wyoming’s State Crime Lab, Which Was Just Named One Of Best In Country


A DNA analyst enters her area of the Wyoming State Crime lab with a digital key card, dons her lab coat, goggles and gloves, sterilizes her work bench and pulls a bagged pair of underwear from the evidence locker.

She’s sterilized her work bench with bleach and cleaned it off with ethanol, the two scents that hang about her like an aura. She spreads a fresh swatch of paper onto her desk and lays the evidence bag on it. If the bag is sealed and free of tampering, she’ll open it.

She writes notes: observations on the size, color, brand and staining of the garment. She screens it for body fluids with a special light. If she finds any stains of interest – blood, saliva, body fluid – she’ll report back to the investigator who sent the garment to her.

That investigator might be working for the public defender’s office trying to clear a defendant. He might be a police detective trying to put one in prison.

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That doesn’t matter, but the science does.

If the investigator thinks the substance matters, the analyst shaves off a 5 millimeter by 5 millimeter flake of it and puts it in a test tube with an enzyme that breaks the DNA free from its other components. She separates the other cell debris, such as cotton.

If enough DNA remains, she amplifies it by putting it in an advanced heater called a thermocycler along with primers, loose nucleotides and an enzyme found in the Yellowstone Hot Springs just a half day’s drive to her northwest.

When warm, the thermus aquaticus enzyme loves to replicate DNA exponentially, turning one strand into millions, which the analyst will then pipe through a cramped tube with 15,000 volts of electricity.

Smaller “peaks” or identifying markers emerge from the tube quicker, while larger ones take longer, enabling her to see the size of each one.

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It’s like echolocation, on a nanoscopic scale.

Later, she’ll plug the DNA profile into a database to see who left it behind.  

  • Lindsey Human is a forensic drug chemist at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. There’s close to $1 million worth of equipment in this lab, including six machines that separate and identify various chemicals. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • Kim Ley, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, works in the Screening Room, where evidence and items are analyzed for the types of substances that may be on them. This machine uses various types of light to show different bodily fluids that could be on something.
    Kim Ley, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, works in the Screening Room, where evidence and items are analyzed for the types of substances that may be on them. This machine uses various types of light to show different bodily fluids that could be on something. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • Amber Smith, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, demonstrates how this Hamilton aparatus works. It can process nearly 90 individual DNA samples at a time.
    Amber Smith, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, demonstrates how this Hamilton aparatus works. It can process nearly 90 individual DNA samples at a time. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • A detail view of the Agilent 8890 GC System, right, combined with the Angilent 5977B GC/MSD, left, that work together to process and analyze samples to identify their chemical makeup.
    A detail view of the Agilent 8890 GC System, right, combined with the Angilent 5977B GC/MSD, left, that work together to process and analyze samples to identify their chemical makeup. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • The various laboratories at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne each specialize in a different science that helps identify substances, fingerprints and other clues that help solve crimes.
    The various laboratories at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne each specialize in a different science that helps identify substances, fingerprints and other clues that help solve crimes. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)

Top Six

Down the hall, fingerprint analysts are performing their own nuanced rituals. Ballistics experts are measuring grooves on metal shards. Chemists are scrutinizing murky powders and toxicologists are searching for tranquilizers in urine samples — as a stray example.

For performing these tasks with a more than 90% efficiency rate in using money and personnel, the Wyoming State Crime lab received the prestigious 2023 Foresight Maximus award earlier this month.    

“We didn’t know we were going to get an award,” Scott McWilliams, Crime Lab director for the Wyoming Division of Criminal Investigation, told Cowboy State Daily on Thursday.

He and two lab staffers attended a May 1 meeting for the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors in Birmingham, Alabama, months after sending a rigorous accounting of the Wyoming lab’s staffing, costs, uses and output to that group.

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“We did this to see where we have inefficiencies and where we can make ourselves better,” said McWilliams.

When the forensics group presented the Wyoming lab with an efficiency award that only 16, or 7.6%, of the 211 applicants earned, McWilliams and the two staffers were “just shocked and really honored.”

The other 15 forensic labs awarded span another 12 American states, Puerto Rico, Costa Ric and Auckland, New Zealand.

“These 16 laboratories stand as beacons of innovation and efficiency, representing the very best in forensic science laboratories,” said ASCLD President Timothy Kupferschmid in a press release. “Congratulations to each winner for their outstanding achievements and unwavering dedication to the pursuit of scientific truth.”

It’s Been Half A Century

The Wyoming State Crime Lab began with the inception of the Wyoming Division of Criminal Investigation (DCI) in 1973. The statewide agency works drug and organized crime cases, officer-involved crime investigations, and any other investigations to which it’s invited.

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In the early days in 1973, analysts were called “scientist agents,” McWilliams said, qualifying that he knows these things despite not yet having been born.

“And they did some science,” he said with a chuckle. It was basic: fingerprint analysis, some forgery and document analysis.

The lab introduced DNA analysis to its repertoire in 2002 and criminal toxicology in 2018, McWilliams said.

Eaton, Of Course

In the same year it added DNA technology, the lab crew decided to plug an old, but important, bit of DNA from a stain found on a murdered woman’s clothing into a federal database.

Lisa Marie “Li’l Miss” Kimmel had been dead for 14 years by then. Search parties found her body in the North Platte River in 1988. Her autopsy revealed she’d been repeatedly raped, stabbed and bludgeoned.

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The federal database yielded a match to a man already in federal prison on a weapons charge, Dale Wayne Eaton.   

The Natrona County Sheriff’s Office and others converged on Eaton’s former home in Moneta, Wyoming, and eventually unearthed Kimmel’s car buried on Eaton’s property. A jury convicted him in 2004.

Now, McWilliams recalls this as the most notable DNA crime bust in which the Wyoming State Crime Lab had a hand.  

  • The entrance to the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne.
    The entrance to the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • The Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne.
    The Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • Forensic analyst Amber Smith shows an example of a sample vile for testing DNA at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne.
    Forensic analyst Amber Smith shows an example of a sample vile for testing DNA at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • These aren't futuristic microwave ovens, they're among the specialize equipment used in the DNA testing area of the Wyoming State Crime Lab.
    These aren’t futuristic microwave ovens, they’re among the specialize equipment used in the DNA testing area of the Wyoming State Crime Lab. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • Lindsey Human is a forensic drug chemist at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. There's close to $1 million worth of equipment in this lab, including six machines that separate and identify various chemicals.
    Lindsey Human is a forensic drug chemist at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. There’s close to $1 million worth of equipment in this lab, including six machines that separate and identify various chemicals. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • The Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne.
    The Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)
  • Kim Ley, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, works in the Screening Room, where evidence and items are analyzed for the types of substances that may be on them. This machine uses various types of light to show different bodily fluids that could be on something.
    Kim Ley, a forensic analyst at the Wyoming State Crime Lab in Cheyenne, works in the Screening Room, where evidence and items are analyzed for the types of substances that may be on them. This machine uses various types of light to show different bodily fluids that could be on something. (Greg Johnson, Cowboy State Daily)

Some Zoologist

McWilliams wouldn’t join the facility until three years later, starting as a DNA analyst, progressing to unit supervisor and becoming lab director in 2021.

His University of Wyoming bachelor’s degree is in zoology and physiology, he said, adding that he’d considered going into medicine.

But a tour of the crime lab he took in college sparked his interest, and when he applied for a job later, he “got lucky and got in.”

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McWilliams would later acknowledge that DCI runs on more than luck: applicants undergo an extensive background and character check. The agency sends hiring agents to applicants’ hometowns to talk to the people who know them best, he said.

McWilliams later earned his master’s degree in forensic science and DNA.

Let That Not Diminish …

McWilliams has to check himself in conversation so he doesn’t rhapsodize the science of DNA too much and lose his listeners, he said.

But he also credited the lab’s other study areas as important to solving crimes: naming the drugs, identifying the poison, linking latent prints to the fingers that made them and matching spent ammunition to the gun that fired it.

The Western Identification Network and Next-Generation Identification databases are to “latent print,” or fingerprint analysists, what the FBI’s Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) is to DNA analysts, McWilliams said.

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Most areas require a two-year training period, making it rare for an agent to cross into multiple forensics fields, he said. He deems those two years more important than the college degrees applicants receive before them.

“On-the-job training is the really critical part,” he said.

Here To Report

Also critical are lab purity, analyst accountability, DNA privacy and neutrality, he said.

McWilliams said analysts must have a laser focus on their specimens and their data.

“It’s not just about getting the bad guy, it’s about doing the right science,” said McWilliams. If the science doesn’t support an investigator’s hunch, “it sometimes disappoints people when we didn’t get what they want — but it’s the scientific truth that we’re here to report.”

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Contact Clair McFarland at clair@cowboystatedaily.com

Clair McFarland can be reached at clair@cowboystatedaily.com.



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What’s in Wyoming’s application for up to $800M in federal health funds?

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What’s in Wyoming’s application for up to 0M in federal health funds?





What’s in Wyoming’s application for up to $800M in federal health funds? – County 17





















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Wyoming power plant booming with suspected UFO, drone sightings — but still no answers after over a year

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Wyoming power plant booming with suspected UFO, drone sightings — but still no answers after over a year


Fleets of drones and suspected UFOs have been spotted hovering over a Wyoming power plant for more than a year, while a local sheriff’s department is still searching for clues.

Officials with the Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office recorded scores of beaming, drone-like objects circling around the Red Desert and Jim Bridger Power Plant in Rock Springs over the last 13 months — though they didn’t specify how many, the Cowboy State Daily reported.

Multiple drone or suspected UFO sightings have been reported at the Jim Bridger Power Plant in Rock Springs, Wyoming. UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Sheriff John Grossnickle was one of the first to witness the spectacles, and last saw the mind-boggling formation on Dec. 12, his spokesperson Jason Mower told the outlet.

The fleets periodically congregate over the power plant in coordinated formations, Mower claimed.

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The sheriff’s office hasn’t been able to recover any of the suspected UFOs, telling the outlet they’re too high to shoot down.

The law enforcement outpost’s exhaustive efforts to get to the truth haven’t yielded any results, even after Grossnickle enlisted help from Wyoming US Rep. Harriet Hageman — who Mower claimed saw the formation during a trip to the power plant.

Hageman could not be reached for comment.

A spokesperson for the Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office said that the drones typically hover too high up for them to shoot down. X/@JerzyBets

“We’ve worked with everybody. We’ve done everything we can to figure out what they are, and nobody wants to give us any answers,” Mower said, according to the outlet.

At first, spooked locals bombarded the sheriff’s office with calls about the confounding aerial formations. Now, though, Mower said that people seem to have accepted it as “the new normal.”

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Mower noted that the objects, which he interchangeably referred to as “drones” and “unidentified flying objects,” have yet to pose a danger to the public or cause any damage to the power plant itself.

John Grossnickle, the sheriff of Sweetwater County, claimed he saw the objects. LinkedIn/John Grossnickle

“It’s like this phenomenon that continues to happen, but it’s not causing any, you know, issues that we have to deal with — other than the presence of them,” he told the outlet.

The spokesperson promised the sheriff’s office would “certainly act accordingly” if the drones pose an imminent harm.

Meanwhile, Niobrara County Sheriff Randy Starkey told the Cowboy State Daily that residents of his community also reported mystery drone sightings over Lance Creek — more than 300 miles from the Jim Bridger Power Plant — starting in late October 2024 and ending in early March.

Another sheriff’s office one county over also reported similar sightings over a creek. phonlamaiphoto – stock.adobe.com

Starkey said he’s “just glad they’re gone,” according to the outlet.

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Drone sightings captured the nation’s attention last year when they were causing hysteria in sightings over New Jersey.

Just days into his second term, President Trump had to clarify that the drones were authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration to quell worries that they posed a national security threat.

Still, the public wasn’t convinced, but the mystery slowly faded as the sightings plummeted.

In October, though, an anonymous source with an unnamed military contractor told The Post that their company was responsible for the hysteria.

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Barrasso bill aims to improve rescue response in national parks

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Barrasso bill aims to improve rescue response in national parks


Much of Wyoming outside of Yellowstone and Grand Teton also struggles with emergency response time.

By Katie Klingsporn, WyoFile

Wyoming’s U.S. Sen. John Barrasso is pushing legislation to upgrade emergency communications in national parks — a step he says would improve responses in far-flung areas of parks like Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks. 

“This bill improves the speed and accuracy of emergency responders in locating and assisting callers in need of emergency assistance,” Barrasso told members of the National Parks Subcommittee last week during a hearing on the bill. “These moments make a difference between visitors being able to receive quick care and continue their trip or facing more serious medical complications.”

The legislation directs the U.S. Department of the Interior to develop a plan to upgrade National Park Service 911 call centers with next-generation 911 technology. 

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Among other things, these upgrades would enable them to receive text messages, images and videos in addition to phone calls, enhancing their ability to respond to emergencies or rescues in the parks. 

A rescue litter is delivered to Jenny Lake Climbing Rangers. A new report compiled by ranger George Montopoli and his daughter Michelle Montopoli show trends in search and rescue incidents in Grand Teton National Park. Photo: Courtesy of Grand Teton National Park

Each year, rangers and emergency services respond to a wide range of calls — from lost hikers to car accidents and grizzly maulings — in the Wyoming parks’ combined 2.5 million acres. 

Outside park boundaries, the state’s emergency service providers also face steep challenges, namely achieving financial viability. Many patients, meantime, encounter a lack of uniformity and longer 911 response times in the state’s so-called frontier areas. 

Improving the availability of ground ambulance services to respond to 911 calls is a major priority in Wyoming’s recent application for federal Rural Health Transformation Project funds. 

Barrasso’s office did not respond to a WyoFile request for comment on the state’s broader EMS challenges by publication time. 

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The bill from the prominent Wyoming Republican, who serves as Senate Majority Whip, joined a slate of federal proposals the subcommittee considered last week. With other bills related to the official name of North America’s highest mountain, an extra park fee charged to international visitors, the health of a wild horse herd and the use of off-highway vehicles in Capitol Reef National Park, Barrasso’s “Making Parks Safer Act” was among the least controversial. 

What’s in it

Barrasso brought the bipartisan act along with Sens. Angus King (I-Maine), Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-Miss.) and John Hickenlooper (D-Colo.). 

The bill would equip national park 911 call centers with technological upgrades that would improve and streamline responses, Barrasso said. He noted that hundreds of millions of visitors stream into America’s national parks annually. That includes more than 8 million recreation visits to Wyoming’s national parks in 2024. 

“Folks travel from across the world to enjoy the great American outdoors, and for many families, these memories last a lifetime,” he testified. “This is a bipartisan bill that ensures visitors who may need assistance can be reached in an accurate and timely manner.”

President Donald Trump, seated next to U.S. Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyoming, meets with members of Congress on Feb. 14, 2018, in the Cabinet Room at the White House in Washington, D.C. Photo: White House

The Park Service supports Barrasso’s bill, Mike Caldwell, the agency’s associate director of park planning, facilities and lands, said during the hearing. It’s among several proposals that are “consistent with executive order 14314, ‘Making America Beautiful Again by Improving our National Parks,’” Caldwell said. 

“These improvements are largely invisible to visitors, so they strengthen the emergency response without deterring the park’s natural beauty or history,” he said.

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Other park issues 

National parks have been a topic of contention since President Donald Trump included them in his DOGE efforts in early 2025. Since then, efforts to sell off federal land and strip park materials of historical information that casts a negative light on the country, along with a 43-day government shutdown, have continued to fuel debate over the proper management of America’s parks.  

Several of these changes and issues came up during the recent National Parks Subcommittee hearing. 

A person walks the southwest ridge of Eagle Peak in Yellowstone National Park during the 2024 search for missing hiker Austin King. Photo: Jacob W. Frank // NPS

Among them was the recent announcement that resident fee-free dates will change in 2026. Martin Luther King Day and Juneteenth will no longer be included in those days, but visitors won’t have to pay fees on new dates: Flag Day on June 14, which is Trump’s birthday and Oct. 27, Theodore Roosevelt’s birthday. 

Conservation organizations and others decried those changes as regressive. 

At the hearing, Sen. Martin Heinrich (D-NM), assured the room that “when this president is in the past, Martin Luther King Jr. Day and Juneteenth will not only have fee-free national park admission, they will occupy, again, incredible places of pride in our nation’s history.”

Improvements such as the new fee structure “put American families first,” according to the Department of the Interior. “These policies ensure that U.S. taxpayers, who already support the National Park System, continue to enjoy affordable access, while international visitors contribute their fair share to maintaining and improving our parks for future generations,” Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum said in an announcement.

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WyoFile is an independent nonprofit news organization focused on Wyoming people, places and policy.



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