- Iran facing its biggest anti-government protests in years
- Trump has used leverage of tariffs throughout his second term against many nations
- Trump weighs further options on US action against Iran
World
Ukraine’s Race to Hold the Line
Source: Satellite imagery from Copernicus
This defensive line in southern Ukraine runs a staggering 27 miles. Two months ago, it didn’t exist.
Russia built something very similar in late 2022 to repel a Ukrainian counteroffensive. But now the tables have turned.
Ditches. Concrete obstacles to funnel enemy tanks into positions where they can be more easily attacked. Trenches for soldiers to fire from.
It all adds up to the Ukrainians’ grim new reality: Russia appears ready to keep advancing despite suffering heavy casualties, and all they can do is try to slow it down.
After the failure of a much-heralded counteroffensive and another winter of fending off Russian attacks, Ukrainian troops are exhausted and facing severe shortages.
The government has signed off on a conscription plan to replenish the ranks, and European countries have promised to send more vehicles and missiles, among other critically needed supplies. Ukraine received a much-needed boost on Saturday, when the U.S. House of Representatives approved a $60 billion military assistance package that will provide more weapons to their war effort.
But what Ukraine really needs is time.
Training those new troops will take months, and the European equipment will arrive gradually, over the course of the year.
Analysts believe that Ukraine is unlikely to start a major counteroffensive this year, choosing instead to spend the time reconstituting its forces. But it will still need to try to stave off Russian attacks and to keep any small enemy gains from becoming full-fledged breakthroughs.
That is where the ambitious defensive lines that are frantically being built come in.
These ditches are usually at least 10 feet wide, so tanks cannot cross them.
Reuters/Vyacheslav Madiyevskyy Rows of concrete obstacles block vehicles from advancing across open fields.
Reuters
A new reinforced trench in Zaporizhzhia provides cover for the infantry. Reuters
The Ukrainian government has allocated about $800 million to building fortifications along about 600 miles of front line this year, and construction is well underway.
The defenses shown above are just a small part of what Ukraine has been putting in place, much of which can be seen in publicly available satellite imagery from Copernicus, part of the European Union’s space program.
American military analysts in Wiesbaden, Germany, drawing on satellite imagery and other intelligence, have been working closely with Ukrainian liaison officers to identify gaps in Ukraine’s defenses, officials say.
Since the start of the year, Ukraine has built long defensive lines across two regions in the south, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia.
Source: Territory held by Russia based on data from the Institute for the Study of War with American Enterprise Institute’s Critical Threats Project
Note: Based on analysis of satellite imagery. The defensive lines only include larger fortifications, such as long anti-tank ditches, and do not include smaller defenses like infantry trenches.
As well as the new defenses in the south, Pentagon officials and independent analysts also pointed to ones beyond Avdiivka in the east.
The Ukrainian military is eager to prevent a repeat of what happened around Avdiivka in February, after that city was captured by the Russians. Meager Ukrainian defenses allowed the enemy to keep pushing west.
So far, four officials said in interviews, the results have been mixed. A robust, multilayer tiered defense is still weeks away, if not months, they said.
But the top U.S. commander in Europe, Gen. Christopher G. Cavoli, expressed optimism.
“I think that their defenses are going to be very strong, and are strong,” General Cavoli said in a brief interview. “And with continued support, they’re going to be in a good position.”
But on the ground, it has not been easy.
On the outskirts of one embattled town, Chasiv Yar, exhausted troops are holding onto terrain around a canal. But their defenses are poorly constructed and should have been fortified with concrete months ago, a Ukrainian commander said.
Now the Russians are close to fighting street to street.
The defenses going up in eastern Ukraine are markedly different from many of those in the south. In place of broad defensive lines are installations meant to fortify urban areas that are in Russia’s sights.
One of them is Kurakhove.
The city lies on a main road 10 miles northeast of Marinka, which Russia began trying to capture in 2014, when it was making incursions into Ukrainian territory.
Marinka finally fell late last year. Satellite imagery now shows Ukraine working to protect Kurakhove.
Source: Satellite imagery from Copernicus
Defenses built around Kurakhove this year
This effort indicates that the Ukrainians are directing their resources to the most defensible terrain, with the idea of making ground advances as costly as possible for Russia.
The defenses also point to a strategy across much of the front line that involves keeping Russian forces off guard with small attacks and seeking to exploit flaws in their defenses, officials said.
For now, with minefields and fortifications making it difficult to attack and maneuver without big losses, both sides are relying heavily on well-prepared entrenchments.
These can include deep trenches fortified with cement, overhead protection, heating and sleeping areas. They require extensive manpower to build and to defend. With Ukraine’s ranks thinned by casualties, it remains unclear if it is up to the task.
James Rands, a military analyst with Janes, a defense intelligence company in London, said the defenses Ukraine built during earlier conflicts with Russia were exceptional. In Donbas, he said, the bunkers were dry and protected with overhead cover, fire-proofing and ballistic protection. The trenches were reinforced.
With Russia now mounting a full invasion, Ukraine is unlikely to be able to do that again, Mr. Rands said.
“The positions they have fallen back to are not in the same league by any stretch of the imagination,” he said. “Ukraine now needs to build a series of defensive positions whilst in contact — which is difficult.”
Methodology
We detected newly built fortifications in Ukrainian-held territory by comparing satellite imagery taken between December 2023 and April 2024. All of the satellite imagery used for the analysis was publicly available Sentinel-2 imagery from Copernicus, part of the European Union Space Agency.
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World
Iran state TV acknowledges ‘a lot of martyrs’ as death toll surpasses 3,000: report
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Iranian state television acknowledged Tuesday that the Islamic Republic has lost “a lot of martyrs” in ongoing anti-government protests sweeping the country, a report said.
The development comes as at least 2,000 people have been killed in the demonstrations, according to an activist group. The U.S.-based Human Rights Activists News Agency announced that 1,847 of the dead were protesters and 135 were members of Iran’s security forces. Other reports say the death toll is over 3,000, with the real number likely to be even higher.
A news anchor on Iranian state TV read a statement claiming “armed and terrorist groups” led the country “to present a lot of martyrs to God,” The Associated Press reported. Iranian state TV said officials will hold a funeral Wednesday for the “martyrs and security defenders” who have died in the protests.
Iran’s regime has been trying to crack down on the protests, which began in late December with shopkeepers and bazaar merchants demonstrating against accelerating inflation and the collapse of the rial. The unrest soon spread to universities and provincial cities, with young men clashing with security forces.
US OPENS NEW AIR DEFENSE OPERATIONS CELL AT QATAR BASE THAT IRAN TARGETED IN RETALIATORY ATTACK
Members of the Iranian police attend a pro-government rally in Tehran, Iran, on Monday, Jan. 12, 2026. (Stringer/WANA/Reuters)
“The killing of peaceful demonstrators must stop, and the labelling of protesters as ‘terrorists’ to justify violence against them is unacceptable,” U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said in a statement Tuesday.
The U.S. Virtual Embassy Iran issued a warning earlier today telling American citizens who are still in the country to leave immediately.
President Donald Trump later urged the people of Iran to “take over” the country’s institutions, saying he has canceled all meetings with the Iranian regime until its crackdown on unrest ends.
IRAN’S ‘DISTINCTIVE’ DRONE DEPLOYMENT SEES DEATH TOLL SOAR AMID VIOLENT PROTESTS
Iranians attend an anti-government protest in Tehran, Iran, on Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (UGC via AP)
Trump made the announcement on social media, vowing that those responsible for killing anti-regime demonstrators will “pay a big price.” Iran had previously claimed it was in contact with U.S. officials amid the protests.
“Iranian Patriots, KEEP PROTESTING – TAKE OVER YOUR INSTITUTIONS!” Trump wrote on Truth Social. “Save the names of the killers and abusers. They will pay a big price.”
Iranian demonstrators gather in a street during a protest over the collapse of the currency’s value, in Tehran, Iran, on Jan. 8, 2026. (Stringer/WANA/Reuters)
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“I have canceled all meetings with Iranian Officials until the senseless killing of protesters STOPS. HELP IS ON ITS WAY,” he added.
Fox News’ Anders Hagstrom, Efrat Lachter and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
World
Fact check: Machado can’t ‘share’ her Nobel Peace Prize with Trump
Over the course of 2025, US President Donald Trump was consistently vocal about his desire to bag the Nobel Peace Prize, claiming to have ended eight wars since returning to office — an assertion which has been contested by war experts.
Fast-forward to 2026, and the frenzy around the topical matter has already resurfaced, after Venezuela’s opposition leader Maria Machado said she wanted to “share” her award with Trump following the US’s capture of Venezuela’s President Nicolás Maduro on 3 January.
“I certainly would love to be able to personally tell him [Trump] that the Venezuelan people […] want to give it [the Nobel Peace Prize] to him and share it with him”, Machado — who was awarded the prize for promoting the democratic rights of Venezuelans — told Fox News on 5 January.
Trump initially said it would be “very tough” for Machado to play a role in Venezuela’s future government due to a lack of “support or the respect within the country”, instead supporting acting President Delcy Rodríguez, who served as vice president under Maduro.
However, Trump began to change his tune after Machado offered to share the Nobel Peace Prize, qualifying her willingness to share the prize as a “great honour”.
What are the facts?
In reality, only the Nobel Prize Committee can decide if a prize is shared, and this can be for up to a maximum of three individuals. Meanwhile, the peace prize specifically can also be given to organisations, as well as individuals.
On 9 January, the Nobel Prize Committee issued a statement honing in on the facts: once a Nobel Prize is announced, the decision is final. After this point, it cannot be revoked, shared or transferred.
Ahead of Machado’s trip to the US to meet with Trump on Thursday, journalists asked Trump whether her role in a future Venezuelan government could be influenced by the offer to share the Nobel Peace Prize. In response, Trump indicated that it could be.
In theory, nothing is barring Trump from being nominated and potentially receiving the prize.
The Norwegian Nobel Committee, typically made up of five members appointed by Norway’s parliament, shortlists nominations and consults experts before awarding the peace prize.
Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel said in his will that it should go to the person who has done the most for “fraternity between nations” and the abolition of standing armies.
Trump has received nominations in the past, and other US presidents have won it before.
Most recently, Barack Obama received it in 2009 “for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples” — a decision Trump has repeatedly criticised.
World
Trump says nations doing business with Iran face 25% tariff on US trade
WASHINGTON, Jan 12 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump said on Monday any country that does business with Iran will face a tariff rate of 25% on any trade with the U.S., as Washington weighs a response to the situation in Iran which is seeing its biggest anti-government protests in years.
“Effective immediately, any Country doing business with the Islamic Republic of Iran will pay a Tariff of 25% on any and all business being done with the United States of America,” Trump said in a post on Truth Social.
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Tariffs are paid by U.S. importers of goods from those countries. Iran, a member of the OPEC oil producing group, has been heavily sanctioned by Washington for years. It exports much of its oil to China, with Turkey, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates and India among its other top trading partners.
“This Order is final and conclusive,” Trump said without providing any further detail.
There was no official documentation from the White House of the policy on its website, nor information about the legal authority Trump would use to impose the tariffs, or whether they would be aimed at all of Iran’s trading partners. The White House did not respond to a request for comment.
The Chinese embassy in Washington criticized Trump’s approach, saying China will take “all necessary measures” to safeguard its interests and opposed “any illicit unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction.”
“China’s position against the indiscriminate imposition of tariffs is consistent and clear. Tariff wars and trade wars have no winners, and coercion and pressure cannot solve problems,” a spokesperson of the Chinese embassy in Washington said on X.
Japan and South Korea, which agreed on trade deals with the U.S. last year, said on Tuesday they are closely monitoring the development.
“We … plan to take any necessary measures once the specific actions of the U.S. government become clear,” South Korea’s trade ministry said in a statement.
U.S. President Donald Trump looks on as he signs executive orders and proclamations in the Oval Office at the White House, in Washington, D.C., U.S., May 5, 2025. REUTERS/Leah Millis/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights
Japan’s Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary Masanao Ozaki told reporters that Tokyo will “carefully examine the specific content of any measures as they become clear, as well as their potential impact on Japan, and will respond appropriately.”
Iran, which had a 12-day war with U.S. ally Israel last year and whose nuclear facilities the U.S. military bombed in June, is seeing its biggest anti-government demonstrations in years.
Trump has said the U.S. may meet Iranian officials and that he was in contact with Iran’s opposition, while piling pressure on its leaders, including threatening military action.
Tehran said on Monday it was keeping communication channels with Washington open as Trump considered how to respond to the situation in Iran, which has posed one of the gravest tests of clerical rule in the country since the Islamic Revolution in 1979.
Demonstrations evolved from complaints about dire economic hardships to defiant calls for the fall of the deeply entrenched clerical establishment. U.S.-based rights group HRANA said it had verified the deaths of 599 people – 510 protesters and 89 security personnel – since the protests began on December 28.
While air strikes were one of many alternatives open to Trump, “diplomacy is always the first option for the president,” White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said on Monday.
During the course of his second term in office, Trump has often threatened and imposed tariffs on other countries over their ties with U.S. adversaries and over trade policies that he has described as unfair to Washington.
Trump’s trade policy is under legal pressure as the U.S. Supreme Court is considering striking down a broad swathe of Trump’s existing tariffs.
Iran exported products to 147 trading partners in 2022, according to World Bank’s most recent data.
Reporting by Kanishka Singh, Trevor Hunnicutt and Bhargav Acharya; Editing by Don Durfee, Lincoln Feast and Stephen Coates
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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