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How Elon Musk’s Neuralink brain chip works

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How Elon Musk’s Neuralink brain chip works

Have you ever wished you could control your computer or phone with your mind?

Well, you might not have to wait too long for that to happen.

Elon Musk, the billionaire entrepreneur and visionary, has just announced that his brain-chip start-up Neuralink has successfully implanted a device in a human patient for the first time.

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An operating room (Neuralink)

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A breakthrough in brain-computer interface technology

Earlier this month, Neuralink performed its first human implant of its BCI on a volunteer patient. A BCI is a device that can record, stimulate or modulate the electrical activity of neurons in the brain, allowing the user to control external devices or software with their thoughts.

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)?

Neuralink illustration (Neuralink)

The patient, whose identity has not been disclosed, received the implant in a region of the brain that controls movement. The implant consists of a small chip, slightly larger than a U.S. quarter, and ultra-fine threads that can detect and transmit neural signals.

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How the Neuralink brain chip is designed to work

The device is designed to replace a small chunk of a human skull and fit completely underneath a person’s skin. Once the device is in place, its 64 needle probes are inserted into the brain, which then allows 1,024 channels of two-way communication between the brain and a computer chip.

Implant of BCI (Neuralink)

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Once that communication channel is set, then the device can communicate from the human brain to external devices, which would basically allow a person to communicate with a device like an iPhone, for example, using just their mind. The device can be charged wirelessly as well.

The device is currently in clinical trials, which are open to some individuals who have quadriplegia due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or a spinal cord injury. Musk says that the first Neuralink product will be called Telepathy and will initially be used by people who have lost the ability to use their limbs. If you are interested in learning whether you qualify for future Neuralink clinical trials, you can join their patient registry by logging on here.

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How is the human implant patient recovering?

According to Musk, the patient is recovering well, and the initial results show promising neuron spike detection. This means that the implant can capture the electrical impulses that the brain uses to communicate with the body.

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How the technology could improve the lives of people with neurological disorders

Neuralink’s technology could have a transformative impact on the lives of millions of people who suffer from neurological conditions, such as paralysis, ALS, or stroke. By using a BCI, they could regain some of their lost abilities, such as moving, speaking or typing. Neuralink also envisions a future where healthy people can use a BCI to enhance their cognitive and sensory capabilities, such as memory, learning or vision.

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The challenges and risks of Neuralink’s technology

While Neuralink’s goals are ambitious, so are its risks. At least forty-two people worldwide have had brain-computer implants, but not all of those products are as physically invasive as Elon Musk’s Neuralink.

Four U.S. lawmakers asked the Securities Exchange Commission to investigate whether Elon Musk had misled investors after veterinarian records indicated that neural link experiments on monkeys had resulted in debilitating health effects.

Experiments on monkeys (Neuralink)

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The technology does raise important questions about its safety, ethics and impact. Nevertheless, the brain-chip start-up charges ahead. Musk says that he wants to put humans on a path to “symbiosis with artificial intelligence,” and says he will put the chip in his own brain someday.

Kurt’s key takeaways

Neuralink is definitely a game-changer in the field of BCI, but it also comes with many uncertainties that will be uncovered down the road. Whether you are a fan or a skeptic of this technology, you have to admit that it is fascinating and worth exploring. However, as it advances, we need to carefully weigh the benefits and risks and ensure that it is used in a responsible and ethical manner.

What do you think about Neuralink and its technology? Would you ever consider getting a brain implant? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact.

For more of my tech tips & security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter.

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Technology

Adobe actually won’t discontinue Animate

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Adobe actually won’t discontinue Animate

Adobe is no longer planning to discontinue Adobe Animate on March 1st. In an FAQ, the company now says that Animate will now be in maintenance mode and that it has “no plans to discontinue or remove access” to the app. Animate will still receive “ongoing security and bug fixes” and will still be available for “both new and existing users,” but it won’t get new features.

An announcement email that went out to Adobe Animate customers about the discontinuation did “not meet our standards and caused a lot of confusion and angst within the community,” according to a Reddit post from Adobe community team member Mike Chambers.

Animate will be available in maintenance mode “indefinitely” to “individual, small business, and enterprise customers,” according to Adobe. Before the change, Adobe said that non-enterprise customers could access Animate and download content until March 1st, 2027, while enterprise customers had until March 1st, 2029.

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Your phone shares data at night: Here’s how to stop it

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Your phone shares data at night: Here’s how to stop it

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If your smartphone stays on your bedside table overnight, it stays busy long after you fall asleep. 

Even while it appears idle, your phone continues to send and receive data in the background. Some of that activity is expected. Your device checks for security patches, syncs system settings and keeps essential services running. Other data transfers are far less obvious and far less necessary.

Experts warn that smartphones routinely transmit tracking and advertising signals without you fully realizing it. In many cases, that data includes information that should only be shared with clear and informed consent.

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Even while you sleep, a nearby smartphone can continue sending and receiving data in the background. (Getty Images/monkeybusinessimages)

What data your phone sends while you sleep

Your phone is not just charging overnight. It operates in a continuous data loop that generally falls into two categories.

Legitimate system data

This includes updates, crash reports and basic diagnostics. Operating systems rely on this information to fix bugs, improve stability and protect against security threats. In most cases, this data collection is disclosed and configurable.

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Tracking and advertising data

This is where concerns grow. Smartphones also transmit location signals, device identifiers, advertising IDs, usage patterns and app behavior data. Companies combine this information to build detailed user profiles and deliver targeted ads that promise higher engagement. The problem is that the line between necessary diagnostics and commercial tracking is often blurry. Many of us never realize how much data flows out of our phones overnight.

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Phones often stay active overnight, syncing apps, checking networks and refreshing data unless you limit background activity. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

What we know about phone tracking today

Independent academic investigations found that some Android devices transmitted data linked to tracking behaviors involving major companies like Meta and Yandex. The research, conducted by teams from IMDEA Networks Institute and European universities, showed that certain apps and services continued communicating with external servers even after users attempted to limit tracking. The researchers observed data flows that could link web activity with app identifiers, raising concerns about how effectively privacy controls were enforced at the system level.

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There is also long-standing concern around smartphones appearing to “listen” to conversations. While no public evidence shows that phones actively record private speech for advertising, many users report ads that closely mirror recent conversations. At a minimum, aggressive data collection combined with location, app usage and search history can make these moments feel unsettling.

Despite years of scrutiny, most smartphones still operate this way today. The good news is that you can reduce how much data leaves your device.

How to protect yourself from overnight data sharing

You do not need to give up your smartphone to regain control. Small settings changes can make a real difference.

1) Review app permissions

Start with your installed apps. Focus on those with access to your location, microphone, camera and tracking data. Only allow sensitive permissions while the app is in use. Be especially cautious with apps that run continuously in the background.

How to review app permissions on iPhone 

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  • Open Settings
  • Tap Privacy & Security
  • Tap Location ServicesMicrophoneCamera or Tracking
  • Select an app from the list
  • Choose While Using the App or Never when available

For tracking controls:

  • Go to Settings
  • Click Privacy & Security
  • Tap Tracking
  • Turn off Allow Apps to Request to Track

This prevents apps from accessing your advertising identifier and sharing activity across apps and websites.

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Turning off app tracking on your iPhone blocks apps from linking your activity across other apps and websites. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How to review app permissions on Android

Settings may vary depending on your Android phone’s manufacturer.

  • Open Settings
  • Tap Privacy & Security or Security and privacy 
  • Click More privacy settings 
  • Tap Permission Manager
  • Select LocationMicrophoneCamera or Sensors
  • Tap an app and choose Allow only while using the app or Don’t allow

To review background access:

  • Go to Settings
  • Click Apps
  • Select an app
  • Tap Mobile data & Wi-Fi
  • Turn off Background data if the app does not need constant access

This limits silent data transfers when the app is not actively open.

2) Limit background activity

Disabling background activity reduces how often apps sync data when you are not using them. This also limits automatic cloud activity. Keep in mind that this may affect real-time backups or notifications. Weigh the convenience against the privacy trade-off.

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How to limit background activity on iPhone

Turn off Background App Refresh

  • Open Settings
  • Tap General
  • Tap Background App Refresh
  • Tap Background App Refresh at the top
  • Select Off or Wi-Fi

To disable it for specific apps:

  • Stay on the Background App Refresh screen
  • Toggle off apps that do not need to update in the background

This prevents apps from quietly syncing data when they are not open.

How to limit background activity on Android 

Settings may vary depending on your Android phone’s manufacturer.

Restrict background data

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  • Open Settings
  • Tap Apps
  • Select an app
  • Tap Mobile data & Wi-Fi
  • Turn off Background data

Restrict background battery usage

  • From the app’s settings screen, tap Battery
  • Select Restricted or Limit background usage

This reduces background syncing and prevents apps from running silently when you are not actively using them.

3) Turn off personalized advertising

Personalized ads rely on device identifiers and activity data collected across apps. Turning this off limits how your behavior is used for ad targeting, even when your phone is idle.

How to turn off personalized ads on iPhone

  • Open Settings
  • Tap Privacy & Security
  • Tap Tracking
  • Turn off Allow Apps to Request to Track

To limit Apple ads:

  • Go to Settings
  • Click Privacy & Security
  • Tap Apple Advertising
  • Turn off Personalized Ads

This reduces ad targeting based on your activity within Apple services.

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Disabling personalized ads reduces how your behavior is used to target ads, even when your phone is idle. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How to turn off personalized ads on Android

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Settings may vary depending on your Android phone’s manufacturer.

  • Open Settings
  • Tap Privacy & Security or Security and privacy
  • Click More privacy settings
  • Tap Ads or Advertising
  • Tap Delete advertising ID or Opt out of Ads Personalization
  • Click Delete advertising ID

You can also reset your advertising ID from this menu to break the link between past activity and future ads.

This limits how apps and advertisers track behavior across apps and websites.

4) Consider a VPN

A reputable VPN can help obscure your IP address and reduce certain forms of network-based tracking. It does not stop all data collection, but it adds a layer of protection, especially on shared or public networks.

For the best VPN software, see my expert review of the best VPNs for browsing the web privately on your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices at Cyberguy.com.

5) Remove your data from broker sites

Even if you lock down your phone, much of your personal information already exists online. Data brokers collect and sell details like your name, address, phone number and browsing behavior.

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Using a reputable data removal service can help locate and remove your information from these sites. This reduces how easily advertisers and third parties can link your phone activity to your real identity.

For ongoing protection, these services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites. It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet. By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.

Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com.

Get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web: Cyberguy.com.

6) Use airplane mode or power off at night

If overnight data sharing concerns you, the simplest option is also the most effective. Turning your phone off or using airplane mode cuts off wireless communication while still allowing alarms to work.

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How to turn on airplane mode on iPhone

  • Open Control Center by swiping down from the top right corner
  • Tap the airplane icon so it turns orange
  • Confirm that cellular, Wi Fi and Bluetooth turned off

How to turn on airplane mode on Android

Settings may vary depending on your Android phone’s manufacturer.

  • Swipe down from the top of the screen to open Quick Settings
  • Tap the airplane mode icon
  • Check that mobile data, Wi Fi and Bluetooth are disabled

If you still want Bluetooth for a watch or headphones, you can turn it back on manually after enabling airplane mode. This keeps most background data transfers blocked while you sleep.

Take my quiz: How safe is your online security?

Think your devices and data are truly protected? Take this quick quiz to see where your digital habits stand. From passwords to Wi-Fi settings, you’ll get a personalized breakdown of what you’re doing right and what needs improvement. Take my Quiz here: Cyberguy.com.

Kurt’s key takeaways

Your smartphone works around the clock, even when you do not. Some background data sharing keeps your device secure and functional. Other data collection exists primarily to fuel tracking and advertising. The key is awareness and control. By tightening permissions, limiting background activity and disabling ad personalization, you reduce how much of your personal data leaves your phone while you sleep. Privacy is not about fear. It is about informed choices.

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Do you leave your phone fully on overnight, or will tonight be the night you finally switch it off? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.

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Department of Justice appeals Google search monopoly ruling

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Department of Justice appeals Google search monopoly ruling

On Tuesday, the Department of Justice and the plaintiffs in the antitrust case against Google filed a cross-appeal, as the DOJ Antitrust Division announced in a post on X: “Today, the DOJ Antitrust Division filed notice that it will cross-appeal from the remedies decisions in its case against Google’s unlawful monopolization of internet search and search advertising.”

Just a few weeks ago, Google itself filed a notice to appeal and requested a pause on the remedies ordered by DC District Court Judge Amit Mehta last year. Those remedies included requiring Google to share search data with its rivals and barring Google from making exclusive distribution deals for its search or AI products that could hinder distribution for competitors. However, Google was ultimately not required to sell its Chrome browser and wasn’t barred from paying distribution partners for preloading or premium placement of its search or AI products.

The DOJ’s cross-appeal suggests that neither party is fully satisfied with Judge Mehta’s ruling in the case, or at least the remedies ordered in September.

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