Some Green River Basin pronghorn migrate more than 200 miles. Now, Wyoming has designated the landscapes they move through in an effort to protect the route.

by Mike Koshmrl, WyoFile

SUBLETTE COUNTY — Gov. Mark Gordon heralded Wyoming’s first-ever designation to protect a pronghorn migration corridor — a more than 2 million-acre web of habitat — at Trapper’s Point, which he called a “wonderful passageway.” 

“How incredibly valuable it is that you are standing here today,” Gordon told the crowd, “to witness this remarkable moment.”

Gordon commemorated the moment with his feet planted on the narrow bulge of high country that splits the Green and New Fork rivers. Thousands of years ago, the site was a well-used hunting ground for Native Americans — it’s the earliest known killing and processing site for pronghorn in North America. Now it boasts a wildlife overpass.

No pronghorn were to be seen during the especially windy Friday afternoon gathering, which attracted 75 attendees from nearby Pinedale and other western Wyoming communities. 

Now Trapper’s Point is officially classified as a “bottleneck” for the Sublette Pronghorn Herd — one of 13 such bottlenecks. That classification is supposed to prevent any surface-disturbing activity, with the intent that pronghorn can keep passing through Trapper’s Point for generations to come. 

Protecting the ability of the fleet-footed, tawny-and-white ungulates to migrate is a “key factor” in sustaining their population, Wyoming Game and Fish Director Angi Bruce said. 

“This becomes even more important in severe winters or extreme droughts,” Bruce said. “Pronghorn are long overdue for recognition.” 

Pronghorn in Sublette, Teton, Sweetwater and Lincoln counties travel a long road — some migrate more than 200 miles to escape harsh winters, trekking south into the lower Green River Basin, a semi-arid sweep of sagebrush steppe between Pinedale and Rock Springs. Then in the spring, they retrace those paths, returning to summer ranges, lush with verdant vegetation, even going as far as Grand Teton National Park.

There was also a long road of bureaucracy to get to this point. 

Nearly three decades of effort preceded the formal designation of the migration routes used by the Sublette Pronghorn Herd, which is the farthest-traveling and among the largest pronghorn herds in the West. 

Jackson Hole biologists long knew that the valley’s pronghorn left in the winter. But details were hazy on where they went and how they got there until around the turn of the century. Using data from tracking collars, biologists like Joel Berger, Steve Cain, Hall Sawyer and Doug Brimeyer helped delineate the route. 

Wyoming ecologist Hall Sawyer fits a tracking collar onto a migratory pronghorn near the Tetons in 1998. Twenty-seven years later, state wildlife managers are pressing to designate the pronghorn herd’s migration path. Photo: Mark Gocke // Wyoming Game and Fish Department

In 2008, a Bridger-Teton National Forest plan amendment established a portion of the path as the nation’s first designated wildlife migration corridor. 

Popularized by its branding as the “Path of the Pronghorn,” the route has received press in national publications like High Country News and the New York Times. 

But the southern reaches of the migration through the energy-rich Green River Basin have faced major political opposition since the early 2000s. Wyoming first attempted to protect those travel corridors in 2019, under a policy administered by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department. That effort was halted after a coalition of industry trade groups and counties protested. 

Then, in early 2020, Gordon revamped the migration policy with an executive order. Still, the Sublette Pronghorn Herd proposal gathered dust, even as development threatened the route. 

Game and Fish revived efforts to protect the migration in late 2023 and early 2024. Biologists pulled together one of North America’s most comprehensive migration datasets, benefiting from approximately two decades of GPS collar information collected from more than 400 pronghorn. 

Some controversy followed the process until near the end. There was a debate about whether to designate the migration’s two easternmost segments, in the Red Desert and east of Farson. The Game and Fish Department proposed excluding the routes, but was overridden by its commission. Then Gordon upended that decision, excluding the two segments. 

Vetting the migration corridor through a Gordon-appointed working group was the second-to-last step in the designation process. 

“Today’s designation demonstrates that voluntary, locally driven conservation works,” said Robb Slaughter, who chaired the group, during the commemoration at Trapper’s Point. 

Time will tell if that’s the case. Wyoming’s migration policy is, by design, permissive of development. Private land is exempt from protections, and designation is not an assurance that new stressors won’t be added to the landscape.

“Today is not the end of the process,” Slaughter said. “It’s the beginning of the next chapter. Continued monitoring, adaptive management, research, and cooperation will ensure these recommendations remain effective as conditions change.” 

But Friday was the end of the migration designation process. The governor’s informal OK — no signature was needed — was the last step, said Sara DiRienzo, the governor’s deputy policy advisor. 

Wildlife advocates celebrated the moment. 

“This is historical,” Bruce said. It’s the first effort to protect the full length of a pronghorn migration corridor in the nation, she said.

WyoFile is an independent nonprofit news organization focused on Wyoming people, places and policy.

Most 18-year-olds focus on deciding what they want to do after high school.

Alyssa Shade already knows.

The Yoder teen already is a certified EMT, a red-carded wildland firefighter and a member of the all-volunteer Yoder Fire Department.

Another 18-year-old, J.R. Ruiz, joined the department only a few months ago. He recently returned from a wildfire-severity assignment in Colorado and, this past week, was helping on the South Fork Fire near Cody.

Behind them is another generation waiting in the wings. Fire Chief Justin Burkart’s 17-year-old son, Jayden, is already part of the department, while his 16-year-old daughter, Maykayla, recently joined as a junior firefighter.

In a profession where volunteer departments nationwide are struggling to recruit younger members, Yoder appears to be on a different track.

How does a town of just 134 people keep producing firefighters sought out and trusted to fight some of the nation’s biggest wildfires?

The answer starts with volunteers investing in one another.

“We’re 100% volunteer,” Burkart told Cowboy State Daily.

Beyond Wyoming

The tiny Goshen County community sits along U.S. Highway 85 south of Torrington, surrounded by hay fields and open prairie.

The Yoder Volunteer Fire Department protects roughly 248 square miles and serves about 700 residents throughout its fire district.

Yet those volunteers routinely deploy across the West, cutting fire lines with bulldozers, staffing engines on major incidents and supporting wildfire operations from Colorado to Virginia.

“We have a reputation of really sending out some professional firefighters to these incidents,” Burkart said. “It’s not a game to us. It’s something that we really take some pride in.”

Burkart joined the department as an 18-year-old in 1999 after discovering federal wildfire assignments could help pay for college.

“I found out it was a good way for me to pay for college,” he said.

Today, the department routinely sends engines, a water tender and two dozers on federal assignments, with about 22 members participating regularly in the federal fire program.

Last year, Yoder firefighters collectively spent about three months helping battle wildfires in California. Burkart said the department paid roughly $1 million to firefighters and seasonal personnel through federal assignments in 2025.

For a department staffed entirely by volunteers, those assignments have become far more than an opportunity to earn extra income.

“They’ll have more contact with live fire over a two-week period than most volunteers would have in a three- or four-year period,” Burkart said.

The knowledge comes home.

Heather Trompke, who serves on a Rocky Mountain incident management team, works in the finance section tracking personnel and equipment time during major incidents.

“We get to bring all of this stuff back,” Trompke said. “We can train and show how to fill out documents properly, and that translates into a smoother fire for everyone else when they go out.”

“There’s always something to learn in wildland firefighting,” added firefighter Bailey Powell. “It doesn’t matter if you’ve been doing it for 60 years or five.”

Growing Firefighters

Like volunteer departments across America, Yoder faces a challenge that has nothing to do with flames.

Recruiting.

“If you look nationwide, the volunteer fire service is aging out,” Burkart said. “The younger generation is not really involved in that.”

Instead of waiting for volunteers to walk through the station doors, Yoder and neighboring Goshen County departments are trying to grow their own.

Robert Shade helps coordinate a countywide junior firefighter program that introduces teenagers to the fire service before they turn 18.

“Right now, nationally, pretty much every trade, every job there is, there’s a lack of young people getting involved,” Shade said.

Junior firefighters learn equipment familiarization, truck maintenance, hose deployment, pump operations and safety procedures before becoming full firefighters.

“They’re the future,” Shade said. “We’ve got to make sure that we get them involved.”

Rather than keeping the program confined to Yoder, departments across Goshen County work together so young firefighters train alongside one another.

“We’re reaching out and kind of working with the whole county,” Shade said. “It helps everyone get to know each other.”

The program appears to be paying off.

Shade started attending meetings as a teenager after encouragement from her boyfriend, who happens to be Burkart’s son.

“I kind of started coming for fun,” she said. “Then I got a true understanding of everything, and it just became really interesting.”

A Family Tradition

Volunteer firefighting isn’t just passed from one generation to the next in Yoder.

It’s often passed around the dinner table.

Burkart’s wife left this week for a federal wildfire assignment in Colorado. Robert Shade serves alongside daughter Alyssa.

“There are families on the department,” Shade said. “Husbands and wives, fathers and sons, fathers and daughters.”

For him, volunteering alongside Alyssa is one of the most rewarding parts of the job.

“It’s a lot of fun to go out with Alyssa and do what we both love,” he said.

The work isn’t without sacrifice.

“When the pager goes off, you could be at a dinner with your family,” Burkart said. “You could be at your kid’s birthday party. You could be at a track event for your kids.”

And the sacrifice isn’t limited to firefighters.

“It’s not only the members that have to make that sacrifice,” he said. “It’s also the family.”

When firefighters deploy on federal assignments, the department still has to answer calls at home.

“We do have a lot of members that deploy nationally, but we also have to protect home when they’re gone,” Burkart said.

That responsibility is shared with neighboring departments through mutual-aid agreements.

Last year alone, Yoder firefighters assisted neighboring agencies 26 times, while local farmers and ranchers helped firefighters cut fire lines during large grass fires.

Yoder’s firefighters have built something much larger than a volunteer department.

They’ve built a pipeline to answer the call.

One generation trains the next.

Kolby Fedore can be reached at kolby@cowboystatedaily.com.