Connect with us

Wyoming

Scientists Keep Location Of Prehistoric Squid Found In Eastern Wyoming A Secret

Published

on

Scientists Keep Location Of Prehistoric Squid Found In Eastern Wyoming A Secret


The Tate Geological Museum at Casper College is showcasing a first-of-its-kind fossil from Niobrara County. 

The 2-foot-long bladed structure belonged to one of Wyoming’s extremely elusive giant squids.

According to J.P. Cavigelli, the museum’s collections specialist, this “big chunk of calamari” has tentatively been identified as part of the internal shell of a Niobrarateuthis, a giant squid that lived in Wyoming’s last ocean around 80 million years ago.

“We found it last year,” he said. “If I told you any more, I’d have to kill you and all your readers.”

Advertisement

Cavigelli is very protective of this squid and the spot where it was found because it’s a rare and unique find for Wyoming. 

There could be more giant squid and other prehistoric monsters of the deep waiting to be found there.

“It’s the last time the ocean was here, according to traditional dogma,” he said.

A first-of-its-kind 80 million-year-old giant squid was found in Niobrara County last year. Just where it was found is a closely-guarded secret: “If I told you any more, I’d have to kill you and all your readers,” says the museum’s collection specialist. (Courtesy Tate Geological Museum)

Monster Of The Not Too Deep

The fossil recovered by the Tate is a partial gladius, the hard bone-like structure inside the otherwise soft bodies of squid. 

It’s the same as a cuttlebone in a cuttlefish, itself a modern relative of this prehistoric squid.

Advertisement

“We call it the squid pen,” Cavigelli said. “It’s not bone, but I guess you could call it a skeleton, of some sort.”

Cavigelli said this giant squid was found in the Sharon Springs member of the Pierre Shale, a rock layer from the Late Cretaceous Period. 

It preserves the inhabitants of the Western Interior Seaway, an inland sea that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean.

“It’s a black shale from the bottom of the ocean that split North America in half,” he said. “It wasn’t a very deep ocean but pretty expansive.”

The prehistoric squid pen is incomplete, but still over two feet long. That’s enough to quantify it as a truly giant squid.

Advertisement

“We saw (a squid pen) in a North Dakota museum that was five or six feet long and really thick, which would have been a really big animal,” Cavigelli said. “Ours is large, so still from a big animal, but not that huge.”

How big? It’s hard to say.

Paleontologists believe Niobrarateuthis and contemporaneous cephalopods could grow up to 10 feet long, and possibly much larger depending on the length of their tentacles.

“They could have been long or very short,” he said. “All we know is that it was much bigger than your average squid.”

Secretive Squids

Modern-day scientists are struggling to learn much about today’s giant squids. Paleontologists have an even harder time trying to understand prehistoric giant squids, especially given the rarity of their fossils.

Advertisement

Not much is known about North America’s prehistoric giant squids. 

Just like today’s squid and octopuses, most of their bodies were composed of soft tissue rather than hard parts, meaning they usually decomposed before they could be buried and fossilized.

Did Niobrarateuthis have long, terrifying tentacles like the modern-day colossal squid, or several smaller tentacles like today’s cuttlefish and Humboldt squid? 

According to Cavigelli, either is possible.

“We don’t know enough about it to give it long tentacles,” he said. “I’m sure it had tentacles, because all squids do, but we wouldn’t be able to say how long they were, because that’s quite variable in squids.”

Advertisement

A squid might not even be the best modern analogy for Niobrarateuthis. 

Although they outwardly resembled squids, paleontologists believe the Pierre Shale’s cephalopods are more closely related to modern-day octopuses.

The Tate’s fossilized gladius came from the back end of the giant squid. In life, the gladius was surrounded by a large, fleshy mass containing all the internal organs called the mantle.

A giant, squishy squid would have been appetizing dinner option for many of Wyoming’s sea monsters.

A first-of-its-kind 80 million-year-old giant squid was found in Niobrara County last year. Just where it was found is a closely-guarded secret: “If I told you any more, I’d have to kill you and all your readers,” says the museum’s collection specialist.
A first-of-its-kind 80 million-year-old giant squid was found in Niobrara County last year. Just where it was found is a closely-guarded secret: “If I told you any more, I’d have to kill you and all your readers,” says the museum’s collection specialist. (Courtesy Tate Geological Museum)

It’s What’s For Dinner

From what paleontologists can determine, Niobrarateuthis and the giant squids of the Western Interior Seaway would have had a healthy seafood diet of everything from plants and algae to crabs, fish, and each other. 

They would have processed this varied diet with an extremely strong beak, the only other hard part in modern and prehistoric cephalopods.

Advertisement

Meanwhile, even a fully-grown, 10-foot-long giant squid might not have been big enough to stay off the menu of the Western Interior Seaway’s biggest sea monsters.

Giant marine reptiles were at the top of the Pierre Shale’s food chain. One of the largest of these, the mosasaur Tylosaurus, might have grown over 50 feet long, with a 5.6-foot skull.

With such a big head, full of dozens of serrated teeth, a Niobrarateuthis would have made a soft, substantive meal for a fully-grown Tylosaurus. Fortunately, there’s fossilized evidence supporting this predator-prey interaction.

A large squid pen at the Museum of Natural History at the University of Colorado Boulder was found with a huge kink in the middle. 

It belonged to Tusoteuthis, another species of giant squid that lived in the Western Interior Seaway.

Advertisement

Multiple grooves found on this Tusoteuthis specimen matched the size and shape of mosasaur teeth. That suggests the giant squid might have survived a failed predation attempt by a large Tylosaurus.

Cephalopods of all sizes were extremely abundant in prehistoric seas. 

Smaller squid pens are among the most common fossils found in many marine deposits from the Mesozoic Era and often turn up in the stomachs of marine reptiles.

“I think mosasaurs would have had a great time with them,” Cavigelli said.

Searching for Sea Monsters

Niobrarateuthis and the other denizens of the Pierre Shale went extinct when the Western Interior Seaway disappeared.

Advertisement

The Tate’s Niobrarateuthis gladius was prepared by fossil preparator Bryan Aivazian. It’s currently on display in the museum’s lobby.

Cavigelli said giant squid fossils are an incredible find anywhere in Wyoming. 

In addition to their inherent rarity, there aren’t many spots in the state where the Sharon Springs member of the Pierre Shale is exposed and accessible.

“You can find fossils in it, but there aren’t many spots where you’d expect to find these things, and the preservation is typically pretty lousy,” he said.

Other rare specimens from Wyoming’s Pierre Shale exposures include the huge-eyed Unktaheela and the long-snouted Serpentisuchops. 

Advertisement

These are both polycotylid plesiosaurs, a family of marine reptiles that probably would have enjoyed feeding on Niobrarateuthis while the giant squid was young and bite-sized.

Notable specimens from the same formation include the 15-foot-long, three-ton sea turtle Archelon, the 34-foot-long plesiosaur Elasmosaurus, 20-foot-long cannibalistic fish, and the famous flying reptile Pteranodon.

The Tate’s squid pen was found during a field trip for participants of the museum’s annual paleontological conference in May 2025. 

That’s why Cavigelli will continue to be excited and secretive about the spot where this squid surfaced.

“We collected the squid and the first Cretaceous marine bird bones from Wyoming in about three hours on the same trip,” he said. “I’d say it was a pretty good field trip.”

Advertisement

Andrew Rossi can be reached at arossi@cowboystatedaily.com.



Source link

Wyoming

Heavy Mountain Snow Expected Through Monday, Freezing And Snow For Cheyenne And Laramie

Published

on

Heavy Mountain Snow Expected Through Monday, Freezing And Snow For Cheyenne And Laramie


UPDATE: A Freeze Watch has now been issued for areas of southeast Wyoming including Cheyenne and Laramie for Monday night

Overnight Monday sub freezing temperatures, some to near record lows, are likely. We have issued a freeze watch for all areas outside the mountains through 10 AM Tuesday. Lows in the basins and foothills may fall to 15-20°F, 25-30°F in the plains east of Laramie Ranges. Take actions to protect plants, pets, and equipment that are sensitive to the cold:

UPDATE:

Advertisement

Update to the winter storm products starting tonight through Monday. We have included Laramie to a winter weather advisory with possible snow accumulations of 2 to 6 inches. The Sierra Madre Ranges has been upgraded to a Winter Storm Warning. Remember to pack for emergencies when traveling in these areas.

Graphic of winter impacts starting Sunday night through 6 PM Monday. The what, where, when, and action text on the left side. A map of active winter storm warnings for the area east of the Laramie Ranges, advisories for some of the foothills, and freeze warning for Niobrara County on the right.

Original Post; The Cheyenne Office of the National Weather Service says up to 20 inches of snow are possible in the mountains of southeast Wyoming.

Up to 10 inches is possible at tome lower elevations

Winter Storm Warnings have been issued for some areas, with Winter Weather Advisories in others.

Cheyenne and Laramie are both just slightly outside the area covered by warnings or advisories. But both a Winter Storm Warning and a Winter Weather Advisory have been issued for areas in and around the Interstate 80 Summit.

Advertisement

The agency poste4d the following early Sunday morning, May 17:

 Winter Storm Watches were upgraded to Winter Storm Warnings with significant snow accumulation expected along with some blowing and drifting snow. Lower confidence for the Interstate 25 corridor, Laramie Valley, and Saratoga area, but advisories or warnings may need to be extended to these areas later. Expect mostly rain below 4500 feet with a change over to snow on Monday, but little or no accumulation is forecast.

Meanwhile, strong to marginally severe storms are possible in much of the region on Sunday:

Isolated strong to marginally severe thunderstorms possible today. Primary threats are strong gusty winds and brief very heavy rainfall, but a few storms may contain hail up to the size of quarters.


Cheyenne, Laramie Forecasts

Cheyenne Forecast

Today

Advertisement

Showers and possibly a thunderstorm, mainly after noon. Temperature falling to around 54 by 5pm. North northeast wind 10 to 15 mph. Chance of precipitation is 80%. New rainfall amounts between a tenth and quarter of an inch, except higher amounts possible in thunderstorms.

Tonight

Rain showers before midnight, then rain and snow showers. Some thunder is also possible. Low around 31. Northeast wind 10 to 15 mph. Chance of precipitation is 100%. New snow accumulation of less than one inch possible.

Monday

Snow showers. Temperature falling to around 32 by 9am. Breezy, with an east northeast wind 15 to 20 mph becoming north in the afternoon. Winds could gust as high as 30 mph. Chance of precipitation is 100%. New snow accumulation of 1 to 3 inches possible.

Advertisement

Monday Night

A 30 percent chance of snow showers before midnight. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 22. North wind 10 to 15 mph, with gusts as high as 25 mph.

Tuesday

A slight chance of rain and snow showers between noon and 3pm, then a slight chance of rain showers after 3pm. Widespread frost between 7am and 8am. Otherwise, partly sunny, with a high near 48. West wind 5 to 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 20%.

Tuesday Night

Advertisement

A chance of showers and thunderstorms. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 30. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

Wednesday

A slight chance of rain and snow showers before noon, then a chance of rain showers. Some thunder is also possible. Partly sunny, with a high near 56. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

Wednesday Night

A chance of showers and thunderstorms before midnight, then a slight chance of showers. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 35.

Advertisement

Thursday

A slight chance of showers, then a chance of showers and thunderstorms after noon. Partly sunny, with a high near 60.

Thursday Night

A chance of showers and thunderstorms before midnight, then a slight chance of showers. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 36.

Friday

Advertisement

A slight chance of showers and thunderstorms. Mostly sunny, with a high near 67.

Friday Night

Partly cloudy, with a low around 40.

Saturday

A chance of showers and thunderstorms. Sunny, with a high near 71.

Advertisement

Laramie Forecast

Today

Showers and possibly a thunderstorm after noon. High near 56. Northwest wind around 10 mph becoming east northeast in the afternoon. Chance of precipitation is 80%. New rainfall amounts between a tenth and quarter of an inch, except higher amounts possible in thunderstorms.

Tonight

Rain showers before 11pm, then rain, possibly mixed with snow showers between 11pm and midnight, then snow showers after midnight. Some thunder is also possible. Low around 30. Blustery, with an east northeast wind 15 to 20 mph, with gusts as high as 30 mph. Chance of precipitation is 90%. New snow accumulation of 1 to 2 inches possible.

Monday

Advertisement

Snow showers. Some thunder is also possible. Temperature falling to around 29 by 5pm. Breezy, with an east northeast wind 15 to 25 mph, with gusts as high as 35 mph. Chance of precipitation is 100%. New snow accumulation of 2 to 4 inches possible.

Monday Night

A 30 percent chance of snow showers before midnight. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 16. North northeast wind 10 to 15 mph becoming west after midnight.

Tuesday

A 20 percent chance of snow showers after noon. Widespread frost before 8am. Otherwise, partly sunny, with a high near 41. West wind 5 to 10 mph.

Advertisement

Tuesday Night

A 20 percent chance of snow showers before midnight. Partly cloudy, with a low around 26.

Wednesday

A slight chance of rain and snow showers after noon. Some thunder is also possible. Widespread frost before 7am. Otherwise, mostly sunny, with a high near 51. Chance of precipitation is 20%.

Wednesday Night

Advertisement

Mostly cloudy, with a low around 32.

Thursday

A slight chance of showers, then a chance of showers and thunderstorms after noon. Partly sunny, with a high near 55.

Thursday Night

A slight chance of showers. Partly cloudy, with a low around 36.

Advertisement

Friday

A slight chance of showers and thunderstorms. Mostly sunny, with a high near 62.

Friday Night

Partly cloudy, with a low around 40.

Saturday

Advertisement

A slight chance of showers and thunderstorms. Sunny, with a high near 66.

Here are 10 unique golf courses in Wyoming

From towering rock formations to wide-open high desert, Wyoming offers some of the most unique golf experiences in the country. Players can tee off within sight of Devils Tower National Monument, play courses built on reclaimed oil fields, or line up a putt while elk graze in the distance. The state is home to championship-level layouts in Jackson Hole, rugged high-desert courses known for their massive long-distance holes, and historic fairways tucked against the scenic slopes of the Bighorn Mountains. Whether golfers are seeking dramatic scenery or a challenging round, Wyoming’s courses deliver a one-of-a-kind experience on the links. ⛳🏔️

Gallery Credit: Kolby Fedore, Townsquare Media





Source link

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Wyoming

Fire damages Historic Pumphouse in Cheyenne including roof collapse

Published

on

Fire damages Historic Pumphouse in Cheyenne including roof collapse


CHEYENNE, Wyo. — Fire crews from Cheyenne Fire Rescue contained a structure fire at the Historic Pumphouse after the building’s roof partially collapsed Saturday night.

Engine 1 arrived at 1504 Dillon Ave. within three minutes of the 9:29 p.m. dispatch notice and found fire coming from the roof. Firefighters shifted to a defensive operation due to the building’s age, physical condition and the partial collapse of the roof.

The response initially drew 19 firefighters from Cheyenne Fire Rescue. Additional personnel and resources deployed to the scene from Laramie County Fire District 1, the Wyoming Air National Guard Crash Rescue, and Laramie County Fire Authority.

The fire did not spread past the structure. Authorities closed Ames Avenue from Parsley Boulevard to West Lincolnway for several hours while crews worked on scene, reopening the surrounding roadways after controlling the incident.

Advertisement

The cause of the fire remains under investigation.

The building sits near a section of the city infrastructure targeted for municipal development. The Cheyenne City Council in late April approved a $650,000 land purchase along Reed Avenue and West 16th Street to establish a central storage site for the compliance department and expand the Greater Cheyenne Greenway. In February, the council approved a $198,903 contract with TDSi to design and renovate the pumphouse to serve as the new base for the city’s Clean and Safe program.

Advertisement



Source link

Continue Reading

Wyoming

8 Old-Timey General Stores In Wyoming

Published

on

8 Old-Timey General Stores In Wyoming


Wyoming’s old-timey general stores function as working portals to an earlier era. Life unwinds in the least-populated state in the country, where these one-stop community shops still hold a real place in town life beyond nostalgia. Dirty Sally’s in Ten Sleep looks much as it did a century ago and retains most of its original architecture. Croghan’s Hall above Dayton Mercantile still serves as a gathering point for a sparsely populated piece of the state. The J.C. Penney Mother Store in Kemmerer opened in 1902 and is the original location of what became the national chain. The eight stores ahead each offer a different chapter of Wyoming’s pioneer past in working retail form.

Aladdin General Store (Aladdin)

Exterior of Aladdin General Store in Aladdin, Wyoming.

Aladdin General Store was first established in 1896. Built by Amos Robinson, the store served the local mining community that developed in the area. The building remains one of the best-preserved 19th-century mercantiles in the state, with much of its original architecture including woodwork, cabinets, and windows still intact after more than a century of service.

In true general store fashion, shoppers find an eclectic inventory including groceries, drinks, art, hardware, and fishing supplies. Upstairs, antiques are on display in “Aladdin’s Antique Attic,” adding further character to the store. Aladdin’s also issues fishing licenses and operates a bar and RV park on the same property. It functions as more than just a store. It serves as a pillar of the surrounding community.

Welty’s General Store (Dubois)

Welty's General Store in Dubois, Wyoming.
Welty’s General Store in Dubois, Wyoming. Via Wikimedia Commons by 25or6to4, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Welty’s General Store has stood the test of time. The current location opened in 1903, though the business operated out of a log cabin starting in 1889, before Wyoming’s statehood. The store continued to evolve, and its current building was constructed in 1956. One notable customer through the years was Butch Cassidy, the western outlaw.

The store operates seasonally to serve summer crowds, with a focus on western wear and outdoor gear. It remains on the National Register of Historic Places and continues as both a local landmark and a historic destination. Across the street sits what could be mistaken for a cave but is actually a cold-storage locker. Welty’s continues to offer a window into the past, with a real sense of what life looked like in an earlier piece of Wyoming history.

Advertisement

Dayton Mercantile (Dayton)

Croghan's Hall, a historic building in Dayton, Wyoming.
Croghan’s Hall, a historic building in Dayton, Wyoming. Image credit: melissamn via Shutterstock.com.

Visitors to Dayton have the chance to see one of the oldest stores in the state. Dayton Mercantile was established in 1882 and functioned mostly as a general store. By 1886, a dance hall opened on the second floor. Known as Croghan’s Hall, the dance hall ranks as the oldest in the state, making the building a central point for the community for generations.

Today, the store remains a popular lunch stop. Known locally as the “Merc,” it draws diners in search of deli sandwiches, pies, and craft drinks. Locals particularly enjoy the “Rustler Reuben” but can also pick up gifts for neighbors or antiques to liven up their home. During summer, the homemade ice cream served at the soda counter ranks among the better treats in this corner of the state.

Farson Mercantile (Farson)

Farson Mercantile ice cream cone.
Ice cream from Farson Mercantile, Farson, Wyoming. Via Flickr user Jimmy Emerson, DVM.

If you head to Farson, make sure you stop in at Farson Mercantile, first opened in 1908. A fire destroyed the original building, forcing the store to relocate in the 1940s. Throughout its lifetime, Farson Mercantile served as the center of the community, providing groceries and operating as a post office, boarding house, and souvenir shop along the way.

Today, the store is known throughout Wyoming as the “Home of the Big Cone.” These oversized ice creams come in massive waffle cones and rank among the strongest dessert stops in the state. There’s also plenty of food for the whole family including pizzas and deli subs. Family road trippers can stop by the well-stocked toy section to find games for the rest of the drive, assuming the kids are not in a sugar coma by then.

J.C. Penney Mother Store (Kemmerer)

J.C. Penney Mother Store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
J.C. Penney Mother Store, Kemmerer, Wyoming. Via Flickr / Jimmy Emerson, DVM.

Although J.C. Penney is known as a national department store, the chain began at the original J.C. Penney Mother Store in 1902. James Cash Penney opened his first location in Kemmerer, which he originally called the “Golden Rule Store.” During its initial years, Penney actually lived in the attic above the business, and the store ran on a strict cash-only model. The suitably named Penney was particularly focused on offering fair service to the mining community where the store was based.

Today, the store still operates as a working J.C. Penney but also functions as a museum, with antiquated features like an overhead pulley system that originally moved cash from the sales counter to the central office. Customers find much of the same clothing and merchandise as in any J.C. Penney location, with the option to read up on the chain’s history while shopping.

Old Faithful General Store (Yellowstone National Park)

The Old Faithful General Store at Yellowstone National Park.
The Old Faithful General Store at Yellowstone National Park. Via NPS / Jacob W. Frank.

Where better to find an authentic general store than Yellowstone National Park? The Old Faithful Lower General Store, originally known as the Klamer Store, was the first store to operate in the Old Faithful area. Established in 1897 before the National Park Service even existed, the store was purchased in 1915 by Charles Hamilton, who also established Yellowstone’s concession services. The original timber roofline remains visible near the chimney, and the store retains the rustic front porch that Hamilton added later.

The interior runs heavy on woodbeam scents and an imposing stone fireplace. Visitors come for the step-back-in-time atmosphere as much as for the merchandise. There are souvenirs to buy and a sit-down restaurant with burgers and sandwiches. A water-bottle filling station serves visitors heading out into the park, and the adjacent Old Faithful Inn handles overnight lodging.

Mammoth General Store (Yellowstone National Park)

Mammoth General Store in Yellowstone.
Mammoth General Store in Yellowstone, Wyoming. Via Shutterstock user GemStocksy.

A second popular draw in Yellowstone is the Mammoth General Store, established in 1895. The store sits near the Fort Yellowstone Army Parade Grounds and historically supported the soldiers who managed the park before the development of the ranger service. In the early days of Yellowstone, the store’s military-provision background made it the natural spot to supply early tourists as well.

Now, visitors find unique offerings like huckleberry cheesecake popcorn and locally brewed drinks. There are also souvenirs covering candles, throw pillows, and blankets. Anyone heading deeper into the park can pick up last-minute outdoor gear or fill water bottles at the on-site station, a nod to the store’s roots as a rugged outpost.

Advertisement

Dirty Sally’s General Store (Ten Sleep)

Dirty Sally's General Store.
Dirty Sally’s General Store in Ten Sleep, Wyoming.

Dirty Sally’s ranks among the most traditional old-timey general stores in Wyoming, with an exterior dating back to the earliest days of Ten Sleep itself. The building originally operated as a bank before reopening as a grocery store. Since then, Dirty Sally’s has become a working haven of ice cream and old-fashioned sodas.

Guests can stock up on treats along with coffee, groceries, and a range of souvenirs including postcards and handmade crafts. Dirty Sally’s also works as the right last stop before heading out to explore Ten Sleep Canyon, where limestone and dolomite cliffs make for popular rock climbing, plus extensive hiking and trout fishing options on the access roads.

Old Time Destinations In Wyoming

Wyoming’s pioneer history shows up in the very structure of its buildings and Main Streets. These general stores rank among the best examples of an earlier era still serving real working purposes in their communities. Stop in for lunch or stock up before a camping trip at any of the eight, where creaking floorboards and rustic architecture provide a link to a past that gets harder to find every year.



Source link

Advertisement
Continue Reading
Advertisement

Trending