Oregon
Baker County was 1st official jurisdiction in Eastern Oregon – La Grande Observer
Baker County was 1st official jurisdiction in Eastern Oregon
Published 9:00 pm Monday, June 29, 2026
Although Native Americans had lived in what became Northeastern Oregon for millennia, when the Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776, the better part of a century would pass before settlers began to start towns in the region.
Tens of thousands of immigrants rolled through the area, following the Oregon Trail, starting in the 1840s.
Although their destination was the trail’s end at Oregon City, and ultimately a farm in the Willamette Valley, eventually some retraced the ruts to the northeast corner of Oregon, which became the nation’s 33rd state on Feb. 14, 1859, while others halted their wagons in the valley of the Powder or Grande Ronde river, or in the Columbia Basin on the west side of the Blue Mountains.
The first post office in Eastern Oregon actually predates the state. The Umatilla post office was established on Sept. 26, 1851, although it was closer to present-day Echo than to the city of Umatilla. The post office closed just a year later.
The region’s first official jurisdiction was Baker County, which the Oregon Legislature carved out of Wasco County on Sept. 22, 1862.
That was prompted by the region’s first gold rush, which followed Henry Griffin’s discovery of gold in a gulch, a few miles southwest of what would become Baker City, on Oct. 23, 1861.
Just five days after designating Baker County, on Sept. 27, 1862, lawmakers shrunk Wasco County even more by creating Umatilla County.
Two years later, on Oct. 14, 1864 — apparently a busy day in Salem — the legislature added two more counties in Grant and Union.
Grant County was made of parts of Umatilla and Wasco counties, while Union County was originally part of Baker County.
On Oct. 14, 1887 — it’s not clear why Oct. 14 seems to have been 19th century lawmakers’ favorite day to create counties — the legislature designated a chunk of eastern Union County as Wallowa County.
In many cases, such as Umatilla, post offices were started before towns were incorporated.
And most cities in the region were settled years, or even decades, before they were incorporated.
People were living in what became Baker City, for instance, in 1863, but the city was platted in 1865 and incorporated in 1874, eight years after the post office was established.
La Grande was already a town when it was incorporated in 1865.
And two cities — Umatilla and Canyon City — were incorporated even earlier, in 1864.
Incorporation dates for other cities in the region:
Pendleton: 1880
Hermiston: 1907
Heppner: 1887
Boardman: 1921
Milton-Freewater: 1950 (Milton, 1873; Freewater, 1890)
Enterprise: 1889
Elgin: 1891
Echo: 1904
Haines: 1909
Halfway: 1909
Huntington: 1891
Imbler: 1922
Ione: 1903
Irrigon: 1957
Island City: 1904
John Day: 1901
Joseph: 1887
La Grande: 1865
Lexington: 1903
Long Creek: 1891
Mount Vernon: 1948
North Powder: 1903
Pilot Rock: 1911
Prairie City: 1891
Richland: 1917
Stanfield: 1910
Sumpter: 1901
Summerville: 1885
Union: 1878
Unity: 1972
Wallowa: 1899
Weston: 1878
Athena: 1904
Oregon
Column: Does Oregon underfund education? – The Bulletin
Column: Does Oregon underfund education?
Published 6:00 am Sunday, August 16, 2026
Oregon K-12 education is underfunded.
Suggest otherwise and people may look for your cloven hooves and horns.
This week, it was reported that “Oregon’s schools will need nearly $2.5 billion more to maintain the status quo of service for the 2027-29 school years, and nearly $5 billion more to help students meet new accountability and attendance targets,” according to the Oregon Capital Chronicle. That would mean “a roughly 22% increase to the $11.3 billion lawmakers most recently allocated for K-12 spending from the state school fund to maintain the status quo, and roughly 41% more to meet new accountability standards and rules.”
There’s no shortage of statements about Oregon education’s underfundedness. There’s no shortage of good reasons additional funding is important. “We can’t afford to underfund our students” — or some variation — is the frequent argument. I tend to agree. Except, there are good reasons to ask questions.
Oregon’s education spending has been going up. Oregon spends more per pupil than the national average. Oregon students are below average on some national assessments.
For reading, in 2015 “Oregon’s 4th graders scored statistically the same as the nation’s fourth graders. In 2024, Oregon’s 4th graders scored 207, which was statistically lower than 4th graders in the nation’s public schools,” according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Similarly in math, in 2015, “Oregon’s 4th graders scored statistically the same as the nation’s 4th graders. In 2024, Oregon’s 4th graders scored 229, which was statistically lower than 4th graders in the nation’s public schools.”
A few statistics don’t paint a complete picture. Many students excel in Oregon schools thanks to the great work of school staff. And anyone can cherry pick some statistics to make an argument. I am not trying to do that. I tried to find statistics to make the opposite argument. I could not. If you have them, send me a link.
The calls for more money for Oregon education aren’t limited to K-12. Oregon’s Higher Education Coordinating Commission has a memo discussing the need for at least doubling the state budget for public higher education.
“The state needs an investment of $2-3 billion per biennium of additional public investment to achieve state goals,” the memo says.
Add up the underfundedness for Oregon’s K-12 and higher education and it’s nothing several billion dollars more wouldn’t solve.
I want to see that good teachers and staff are well paid. The questions Oregonians need answered are: How can we get more out of the dollars we already spend? How do we know that more dollars will deliver better results? New state accountability measures could help.
And then we are told Oregon has many other underfunded needs. Mental health. Transit. Road maintenance. Bike paths. Pedestrian safety. Green energy. Environmental protection. Helping people with no homes. Helping people who go hungry. Protecting vulnerable children. And more.
Is education the best place to send the next dollars in shifted or added state revenue? Education is the foundation of so much else.
Richard Coe is editorial page editor at The Bulletin. He can be reached at richard.coe@bendbulletin.com.
Oregon
8 Nicest Small Towns In Oregon
In Bandon, neighbors and visitors walk barefoot across art in the sand at Face Rock. In Joseph, the whole town turns out for four nights of the Chief Joseph Days Rodeo. Carlton pours its way through 20 walkable tasting rooms, while Sisters keeps its Old West storefronts busy year-round. What makes these Oregon towns the nicest in the state is a mix of Pacific Northwest scenery and the people who fill the calendar with cranberry festivals, mushroom hunts, and summer concerts that pull newcomers right in. Every one of these eight small towns rewards a first trip and a second one even more.
Sisters
Visitors should plan their trip around exploring Downtown Sisters and supporting the many local businesses. Stitchin’ Post is a fantastic fabric store and a true paradise for any crafter or sewer, while Dixie’s brings the style of the Old West to present-day Oregon. Makin’ It Local celebrates and promotes local artists through galleries and exhibits, located right in the heart of Downtown Sisters. That same creative streak spills into the streets each July for the Sisters Outdoor Quilt Show, the largest outdoor quilt show anywhere. What started in 1975 with a dozen quilts hung outside the Stitchin’ Post now drapes more than 1,300 of them across storefronts and fences all over town.
Yachats
Yachats is a small town united by its community events and annual festivities. There is no better way to visit and see everything this small town has to offer than by hopping aboard the Yachats Area Trolley, a simple, scenic way to explore the town. Just sit back, relax, and ride this hybrid electric trolley from Beachside State Park to Cape Perpetua.
The annual Sip & Stroll Yachats invites both visitors and locals to enjoy a delightful afternoon of exploring downtown with a glass in hand, tasting the very best from participating wineries, breweries, and spirits. Just northeast of Yachats, the Siuslaw Forest shines every October for the annual Mushroom Festival. Discover unique species, check out the many vendors, and learn something new through guides, keynote events, and workshops.
Florence
The nice town of Florence is the sum of its parts, the culmination of unique attractions and reasons for return visits. Old Town Florence is a collection of historic buildings, landmarks, public art, and shopping destinations lining the boardwalk. The Three Rivers Casino Resort is a premier casino and entertainment venue in Oregon, open 24 hours a day.
Florence also features some rather unorthodox attractions, but that’s what makes it so special. Exploding Whale Memorial Park provides access to the Siuslaw River and is a great place for a family picnic, named after the notorious incident in the 1970s. Those who want the full Florence experience should not only visit the Heceta Head Lighthouse but stay there as well. The bed and breakfast sits on the edge of ocean cliffs and offers the most stylish overnight stay in town.
Bandon
The Bandon community is incredibly inviting and welcoming, and its peak tourism season usually coincides with popular events throughout the year. Circles in the Sand brings Bandon together, encouraging residents and tourists to take peaceful walks atop artwork made into the sand. Hosted at Face Rock View Point, the event themes rotate through ideas like love, tranquility, and even the cosmos.
Bandon’s Old Town is another historic district and the true heart of the town. On any given day, visitors can check out numerous shops and dining options along the strip, such as Bandon Sweets & Treats for old-fashioned candy, Big Wheel General Store for gifts and fudge, and Alloro Wine Bar & Restaurant for an intimate dinner near the waterfront. Old Town Bandon also hosts Fourth of July celebrations, winter festivities, and the famous September Cranberry Festival, featuring a parade, music shows, art vendors, eating contests, and cranberry scavenger hunts.
Joseph
There’s something in Joseph for every type of traveler. Art enthusiasts can participate in the Bronze Artwalk, touring the town while searching for seven monumental bronze sculptures. Guests can also follow a foundry worker through their facilities to see how those sculptures were molded, replicated, and cast in metal.
Visitors who plan trips around local events should mark the Chief Joseph Days Rodeo on their calendars. On the last weekend in July, for four nights, the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association showcases rodeo skills and entertainment along with a fabulous parade through downtown Joseph. Finally, those who prefer some outdoor excursions don’t have to travel very far. Wallowa Lake State Park sits along the glacial lake and beneath the peaks of the Wallowa Mountains as the perfect starting point for hikes through the wilderness or sports across the water.
Cascade Locks
Cascade Locks is a small town in Oregon where visitors can view relics of the past while exploring the wilderness of the present, all in one trip. Cascade Locks sits within the heart of the Columbia River Gorge and the Cascade Mountains, a prime location for outdoor adventures, and the locals will not disappoint with the numerous activities and events they host throughout the year. The Pacific Crest Trail Days at the Marine Park has over 100 sponsors selling outdoor products at the Gear Expo. With games, live music, and competitions, it’s a great event for newcomers to feel the community’s reception.
The Cascade Locks Historical Museum holds hundreds of years of history within its walls, with rotating exhibits like the “Bridge of the Gods,” art contests, and a variety of collections, including old clothes, books, art, clocks, and furniture from previous centuries. Just outside, guests can view the famous Oregon Pony all year, the first steam locomotive in the Pacific Northwest, which began running in 1862 and is preserved to this day.
Jacksonville
There are so many ways to explore Jacksonville and learn about its history in Oregon that no two travelers will experience the same trip. In fact, even the same traveler, visiting a second time, could experience Jacksonville in a completely fresh way. Like Yachats, the Narrated History Trolley Tours provide a scenic, relaxing ride with an overview of the town’s rich history, guided walking tours discuss the architecture and stories of the pioneers who built and occupied landmarks across Jacksonville. Meanwhile, the Haunted History Tour delves into vengeful women, obsessed husbands, and other dangerous individuals who still haunt the historic district. After exploring Jacksonville, the Britt Music & Arts Festival is the perfect way to complete your trip, with summer concerts in a range of genres, including orchestras, jazz, blues, pop, and country.
Carlton
The Carlton community is incredibly warm and receptive to newcomers, especially when those newcomers have a distinct interest in tasting wines. Carlton is located in the center of Oregon’s wine country and the North Willamette Valley, with around 20 unique wine tasting rooms, all within walking distance of each other.
Carlton isn’t just a great place for visitors looking to taste wines, but a rich, creative environment for those who want to make their own. The Carlton Winemakers Studio is a collaborative, shared studio space for winemakers to craft their own bottles. Additionally, Stone Griffon is just one of many local vineyards, known for bold wines sourced from the Walla Walla Valley.
Nice Oregon Towns With Something New to Discover
These eight small towns in Oregon rank among the nicest in the state because of those who live there already. Visitors feel welcome, they feel an invitation to participate in these towns’ annual events, and they feel inspired to revisit these towns again and again. Sisters brings the fashion of the Old West to the present. Carlton is the hub of wine country with endless tasting opportunities. There’s a small Oregon town for everyone. It’s all about choosing the one that’s right for you.
Oregon
What should be Oregon’s official dish? Vote now in America250 poll
Video goes inside the End of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center
Visitors can explore Oregon Trail history through interactive exhibits, films and historic landmarks at the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center.
Oregon is associated with many foods, like marionberries, hazelnuts, Dungeness crab and more. But what Oregon dish is the most iconic? A poll celebrating the United States’ semiquincentennial is compiling responses to determine the official dishes of each state.
These are the Oregon delicacies vying to be the state’s top dish:
- Marionberry pie
- Dungeness crab
- Hazelnut-crusted salmon
- Smoked salmon
- Bacon maple bar
- Marionberry soft-serve
- Coastal chedder
- Wild Pacific chanterelles
- Razor clams
- JoJo potatoes
The winner will be included in an official registry of state dishes.
Marionberry pie was leading Aug. 14, with Dungeness crab in second place.
Cast a vote by choosing between all 10 options, narrow it down through head-to-head matchups or write-in a different dish.
America250 partnered with food delivery service Goldbelly to select the contenders.
“As we celebrate America’s 250th anniversary, food offers a powerful way to bring people together and tell the story of our nation,” America250 chair Rosie Rios said in a statement.
Oregon was just behind California as the state with the most votes on the survey, as of Aug. 14.
America250, a bipartisan commission that was created by Congress in 2016, is distinct from Freedom 250, which was created by President Donald Trump as a nonpartisan group and has put on events like the Great American State Fair.
Oregon submitted a handcrafted pin to an America250 time capsule earlier this year.
The last day to vote for the top dish is Nov. 1. Cast your vote at statedish.org/national-food-registry.
Anastasia Mason covers state government for the Statesman Journal. Reach her at acmason@statesmanjournal.com or 971-208-5615.
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