Could Mississippi get rid of its state income tax? What Mid-South residents should know

The Mississippi House of Representatives passed a tax cut that would eliminate the state income tax among other measures.

There is uncertainty as to whether the Senate will pass the Bill, as leadership there is considering a different approach to tax cuts. House Bill 1, referred to as the Build Up Mississippi Act, would not go into effect until Fiscal Year 2027 if passed this year.

Here’s what to know about the state’s income tax and what would come of HB 1.

Mississippi state income tax

House Bill No. 1, dubbed the Build Up Mississippi Act, passed with 88 votes. Of them, at least nine were Democrats and two were independents. There were 24 no votes, consisting only of Democrats.

If the Bill is passed by both committees, it would:

• Eliminate $2.2 billion in income tax revenues over 10 years. The cut would become active once the state’s income tax is phased down to 4% by Fiscal Year 2027.
• Reduce state sales tax on groceries from 7% to 2.5% while adjusting tax structure on other items to offset the costs.
• Removes state sales tax diversions to municipalities and replaces it with a local-option 1.5% local sales tax. Cities will have the option to opt-out of this tax structure. Lamar said this will result in local tax revenue increases across the state.
• Sales tax collected at 1.5% in counties will be diverted to road and bridge infrastructure needs at the county level.
• Add a fuel sales tax of 5% on retail sale of gasoline. This would be in addition to the state fuel tax already imposed. Lamar said this would add $400 million to the state budget, and all of those additional funds would go to the Mississippi Department of Transportation for road and bridge projects.
• The $80 million that was going to MDOT per year from gambling revenue will now be headed toward the Public Employee Retirement Systems of Mississippi to address a $25 billion deficit in future retirement benefits.
• Establishes a “budget stabilization fund” that will act as a secondary rainy-day fund.

The bill, however, will not include an income tax cut for sex workers in Mississippi, who will be taxed at 5% of their income once the tax cut is fully phased in.

Before voting on the bill, several Democrats questioned whether the tax package would actually end up costing the state more money down the road and causing revenue shortfalls. They also questioned whether moving to a consumption-based economy would result in poorer people paying more money out of pockets because of increases in costs due to the new gas tax and sales tax model.

After 2016 when the state passed several tax cuts, revenue shortfalls ensued, causing former Gov. Phil Bryant to make emergency budget cuts several times. Numerous county Mississippi State Department of Health County offices closed and state grant matches for federally funded infrastructure projects were put at risk.

Under the House plan, sales taxes excluding groceries would essentially amount to 8.5%, which still puts Mississippi at a lower sales tax than its neighbors. Mississippi has an average sales tax of 7.06% when combining state and local taxes.

Arkansas and Tennessee taxes

Arkansas has a state income tax between 2% and 4.40%. Depending on how much a person earns, they can pay more or less in taxes. Here, the sales tax is 6.5%. Combined, local and state sales taxes come out to be about 9.45% which makes it the third most expensive for sales tax. Arkansas’ grocery tax is 0.125% making it the lowest grocery tax of the 13 states that still have one.

Tennessee does not have a state income tax and is one of eight states to not have one. The sales tax in Tennessee is 7% but ends up being about 9.55% when coupled with local sales taxes. This makes Tennessee the second for most expensive sales taxes in the country behind Louisiana with 9.56%. The grocery tax is 4% in Tennessee making it the fifth most expensive state for groceries.