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For the First Time, Alabama Says Methane ‘Likely’ Caused Fatal Home Explosion Above Coal Mine – Inside Climate News

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For the First Time, Alabama Says Methane ‘Likely’ Caused Fatal Home Explosion Above Coal Mine – Inside Climate News


OAK GROVE, Ala.—For the first time, an Alabama official has said that a fatal March 2024 home explosion above an expanding longwall mine in the central part of the Yellowhammer State was “likely” caused by the ignition of methane, a gas produced in the mining of coal. 

The revelation came in a letter from Kathy Love, director of one of the state’s mining oversight agencies, to federal officials who had demanded state regulators act to mitigate the risk of escaping methane in the wake of the March blast that led to the death of Oak Grove resident W.M. Griffice. 

Love had refused to release a copy of the letter, but Inside Climate News obtained the document—the state’s only formal response to an unprecedented regulatory action by the federal Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement—through a Freedom of Information Act request of federal officials. 

Both state and federal officials had previously avoided attributing the explosion to escaping methane, despite the continued release of the potentially explosive gas at the site of Griffice’s home, which was completely destroyed in the blast. A state fire marshal’s investigation into the explosion had deemed the cause of the blast “undetermined.”

In court documents related to a wrongful death suit filed by Griffice’s family, lawyers for Crimson Oak Grove Resources, the operators of the mine, have denied the private coal company is responsible for the explosion or Griffice’s death. The coal company did not respond to requests for comment on this story.

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In the letter dated Jan. 14, Love suggested that the home explosion was a tragedy that could not have been envisioned by the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act , the 1977 federal law governing longwall mining in the United States. 

“The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) was written to protect the public and environment from hazards created by coal mining,” Love wrote. “And yet in 1977 the authors of the SMCRA regulations could not have envisioned all circumstances that might result in danger to the public. Such was the discovery of an uncapped abandoned well under Mr. Griffice’s home emitting methane gas that likely caused the tragic event of March 8, 2024.”

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An Inside Climate News investigation revealed last year that Alabama residents have complained about the risks of methane explosions above coal mines for decades. 

“Currently we are living in fear of gas escaping from the underground mines and causing an explosion or burns,” one Alabamian wrote in a letter to regulators in September 1999. “There have been people killed who were above longwall mines.”

Another coalfield resident, Bobby Snow, put it more colorfully at the time.

“You can go down there and play or go down there and hunt, but don’t smoke or you’ll be standing in your smutty underwear wondering what the heck happened because the methane gas is coming up out the ground,” he told regulators 25 years ago. 

Longwall mining involves a large machine shearing swaths of coal hundreds of feet underground, releasing methane gas and leaving vast underground caverns that collapse once mining has moved on. That collapse, experts say, causes subsidence, or the sinking of the land above, a process that often damages surface structures like homes or businesses. 

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Large, noisy ventilation fans located throughout the community distribute gasses from inside Oak Grove Mine. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate NewsLarge, noisy ventilation fans located throughout the community distribute gasses from inside Oak Grove Mine. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
Large, noisy ventilation fans located throughout the community distribute gasses from inside Oak Grove Mine. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
Cracks many inches wide spread across the floor of a building in Oak Grove. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate NewsCracks many inches wide spread across the floor of a building in Oak Grove. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
Cracks many inches wide spread across the floor of a building in Oak Grove. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News

Fissures in the land above the mined area can also provide a path of escape for the methane released during mining. It’s that escaping methane that Griffice’s family claims was the cause of the explosion that left their loved one dead.

Oak Grove Mine has been labelled by experts as one of the “gassiest” in the country. 

Specific risks posed by water wells above coal mines have also been on the regulatory radar for years. Federal regulators published a technical manual on how to deal with gassy wells in 2011, well over a decade before Love wrote that such risks were largely unforeseeable. Federal regulators pointed Alabama regulators to the manual, which had already been highlighted by Inside Climate News, in their communications late last year. 

December’s so-called “ten-day notice” was the first time in the state’s history that the Alabama Surface Mining Commission, charged with regulating the surface impacts of underground coal mining in the state, had been put on formal notice by its federal counterpart to force a coal mine’s compliance with the law or face further regulatory action.

In the ten-day notice, officials with the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement wrote that investigators had determined that Oak Grove Mine in western Jefferson County may be out of legal compliance for failing to adequately monitor potentially explosive methane emissions from the mine.

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The notice by U.S. regulators was issued following a federal inspection of the mine and visits to residences across Oak Grove that came days after an Inside Climate News investigation into federal inaction on the issue.

The state’s response, reported here for the first time, is the first clear move by state regulators to address concerns over the risks of longwall mining since the March 2024 explosion. 

State regulators had previously failed to act to address such risks and citizen concerns. It took regulators months to hold a public meeting for citizens to voice those worries, and officials said they had little power to intervene. So far, Alabama legislators have made no move toward proposing legislation to address the issues in Oak Grove, or risks from longwall mining more generally.

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The inspection report underlying the ten-day notice shows that federal investigators followed in the footsteps of Inside Climate News’ reporting on Oak Grove, visiting the Griffice home and the mine as well as the homes of Lisa Lindsay, Clara Riley and Randy Myrick, all residents profiled as part of the newsroom’s Undermined series.

Love’s January response to state regulators also confirmed that state regulators believe they have the power to shut down operations at Oak Grove Mine if they believe there to be an imminent risk to citizens. 

ASMC Director Kathy Love told residents that the agency will try to ensure another explosion does not happen. Citizens are skeptical. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate NewsASMC Director Kathy Love told residents that the agency will try to ensure another explosion does not happen. Citizens are skeptical. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
Kathy Love, director of the Alabama Surface Mining Commission, speaks during an event highlighting the consequences of longwall coal mining at Oak Grove High School. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News

“It should be noted that on September 18, 2024, ASMC met with the management of Crimson Oak Grove Resources (Crimson),” she wrote. “During this meeting, ASMC stressed to Crimson that ASMC had the full authority to shut down the mine unless actions were taken to address the severity of the situation. The management team expressed their understanding and their desire to voluntarily go above and beyond SMCRA required rules and regulations.”

Love wrote that because of the risks involved, “all Alabama underground mine operators should be required to evaluate and strengthen processes for identifying and locating both active and abandoned water wells and implement active methane monitoring processes to further protect public health and safety.”

Federal and state regulators will then “conduct oversight to validate mine operator compliance with revised procedures,” she wrote, which will be implemented through revisions to subsidence plans required for all Alabama underground mine operators.

Oak Grove Mine has had a checkered safety history below ground. The mine ended 2024 with a record 870 safety citations and orders, according to the Mine Safety and Health Administration, totalling more than $1 million dollars in penalties, So far, nearly $790,000 of those penalties have gone unpaid. 

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About This Story

Perhaps you noticed: This story, like all the news we publish, is free to read. That’s because Inside Climate News is a 501c3 nonprofit organization. We do not charge a subscription fee, lock our news behind a paywall, or clutter our website with ads. We make our news on climate and the environment freely available to you and anyone who wants it.

That’s not all. We also share our news for free with scores of other media organizations around the country. Many of them can’t afford to do environmental journalism of their own. We’ve built bureaus from coast to coast to report local stories, collaborate with local newsrooms and co-publish articles so that this vital work is shared as widely as possible.

Two of us launched ICN in 2007. Six years later we earned a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, and now we run the oldest and largest dedicated climate newsroom in the nation. We tell the story in all its complexity. We hold polluters accountable. We expose environmental injustice. We debunk misinformation. We scrutinize solutions and inspire action.

Donations from readers like you fund every aspect of what we do. If you don’t already, will you support our ongoing work, our reporting on the biggest crisis facing our planet, and help us reach even more readers in more places?

Please take a moment to make a tax-deductible donation. Every one of them makes a difference.

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Is Tommy Tuberville an Alabama resident? GOP candidate challenges status

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Is Tommy Tuberville an Alabama resident? GOP candidate challenges status


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The Alabama Republican Party will hold a hearing on June 14 on a challenge questioning whether U.S. Sen. Tommy Tuberville meets the state’s constitutional residency requirement to run for governor.

The challenge comes from former GOP primary candidate Ken McFeeters, who argues Tuberville has not been a resident of Alabama long enough under state law.

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McFeeters said he was notified Monday that the Alabama GOP steering committee will take up his residency at an upcoming hearing.

He has filed multiple challenges and a lawsuit contesting Tuberville’s eligibility, all focused on whether the senator meets Alabama’s seven-year residency requirement for governor.

Alabama Constitutional Residency Requirement for Governor

Under the Alabama Constitution, candidates for governor must be at least 30 years old, U.S. citizens for at least 10 years and residents of the state for at least seven years immediately before the election.

The dispute centers on whether Tuberville has maintained continuous Alabama residency under that standard.

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Tommy Tuberville’s Campaign response

Tuberville, a former Auburn University football coach who moved to Alabama in 1999, has said he meets all eligibility requirements.

His campaign has released redacted federal tax returns covering multiple years in response to McFeeters’ claims.

Campaign chair Jordan Doufexis said the evidence will show Tuberville has long met the state’s residency threshold.

“We will submit a comprehensive response… demonstrating that he is a resident citizen of Alabama,” Doufexis said, adding the campaign is confident in its legal position.

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Questions about Florida ties and past records

Tuberville’s residency has faced scrutiny for years, including reports citing ties outside Alabama.

Those reports have referenced a Florida driver’s license that remained active until 2023 and voting activity in Florida in 2018. Tuberville has pointed to Alabama property records and a homestead exemption tied to his family as evidence of residency.

McFeeters has also cited travel and expense records he says show Tuberville frequently traveled outside Alabama during the period in question.

The Alabama GOP previously rejected McFeeters’ residency challenge in February, allowing Tuberville to remain on the ballot.

Tuberville went on to win the Republican primary on May 19 with about 85% of the vote, easily defeating McFeeters and other challengers.

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What happens if Tuberville is found ineligible?

If the committee were to rule against Tuberville, McFeeters could potentially become the Republican nominee for governor in the November general election. 

He would then face Democratic nominee Doug Jones.

Jennifer Lindahl is a Breaking and Trending Reporter in Alabama for USA TODAY’s Deep South Connect Team. Connect with her on X @jenn_lindahl and email at jlindahl@usatodayco.com.



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In Alabama Primary Elections, Incumbent Utility Regulators Feel the Squeeze of High Energy Prices – Inside Climate News

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In Alabama Primary Elections, Incumbent Utility Regulators Feel the Squeeze of High Energy Prices – Inside Climate News


MONTGOMERY, Ala.—For some incumbents, politics have turned sour in sweet home Alabama. In the May 26 primary election for two seats on the Public Service Commission, the state’s utility regulator, voters rejected one incumbent and sent another to a runoff. 

The electoral shakeup comes as Alabamians are increasingly concerned about economic issues, including utility prices. Polling released earlier this year showed that 80 percent of Alabamians cite economic concerns as the top issue state leaders should address. 

Now, Alabama politicians have gotten their first sense of voters’ attitudes this election cycle, and the message for incumbents charged with regulating utilities is one of frustration. 

Commissioner Jeremy Oden, a Republican who has served on the body since 2012, lost his bid for re-election to Matt Gentry, who currently serves as sheriff of Cullman County, 75 percent to 25 percent. 

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Gentry will go on to face Democrat James O. Gordon in the November general election. 

Another Republican incumbent on the PSC, Chris Beeker, also failed to garner the most votes from primary voters. Jim Zeigler, a perennial candidate who served on the body from 1975 to 1979, earned the most votes with 45 percent to Beeker’s 25. Because no candidate earned the majority of votes, Beeker will face Zeigler in a primary runoff election on June 16. The winner will face Democrat Sheila McNeil in November. 

Electricity prices, in particular, have become a hot button issue across the country ahead of this year’s elections, including in Alabama, where power-hungry data center projects have begun to spring up across the state. In neighboring Georgia, utility cost increases and data center development became a major discussion in its own Public Service Commission elections, races that led to major Republican-to-Democrat flips and garnered headlines nationwide.

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Power lines zigzag across the Birmingham sky. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News

 In the Wake of Georgia’s Blue Wave, Alabama Changed Its Utility Regulation Elections. This Black Democrat Is Suing. 

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Fear of a similar outcome in deep red Alabama has left some politicians nervous. During this year’s legislative session, lawmakers were forced to pull a bill that would have ended Public Service Commission elections altogether after significant public outcry.

In its place, the majority GOP legislature passed a major restructuring of the regulatory body that inflates its membership from three to seven members and consolidates significant regulatory power in a newly created secretary of energy to be appointed by the governor. The new law makes it more difficult to initiate a formal rate case, effectively barring such a hearing before 2029 and subsequently requiring the approval of the secretary of energy or five of seven commission members to do so.

Alabamians have good reason for concern over energy prices. An Inside Climate News analysis showed that Alabama Power customers paid the highest average residential bills among the 100 largest investor-owned utilities in the United States. Experts have pointed to the “regulatory capture” of bodies like the Public Service Commission as one reason for those high rates. 

A protestor holds a sign in front of Alabama Power's Birmingham headquarters after the passage of the PSC restructuring law. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate NewsA protestor holds a sign in front of Alabama Power's Birmingham headquarters after the passage of the PSC restructuring law. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
A protestor holds a sign in front of Alabama Power’s Birmingham headquarters after the passage of the PSC restructuring law. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News

All of the successful candidates in this year’s PSC primaries have cited high utility bills as a reason for reform. 

In the race for the Place 1 seat, Gentry’s 50-point primary victory over Oden came in the wake of Gentry’s pledge to call for the first formal public rate hearing overseeing Alabama Power’s electricity price increases since 1982. James Gordon, his Democratic opponent, has gone further, calling for regular formal rate hearings, an immediate 25 percent reduction in bills and consideration of a cap on the company’s annual profits. 

In the bid for Place 2, Zeigler and Beeker will battle it out in the lead-up to their June runoff. Beeker is relatively new to the commission, having been appointed to the body in 2024 to serve the remaining term of his father, also Chris, a three-term incumbent, who resigned citing health concerns. 

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Zeigler’s campaign has focused on pairing opposition to both large data center projects needed to power AI and solar farms for renewable electricity to harness local political passions, though his campaign’s website landing page features an AI-generated image as its background. 

“They can ruin your community, consume water and drive your electric bills up. No one in Montgomery is overseeing this,” Zeigler said of data centers in a campaign video. 

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Beeker has taken a more traditional Alabama politics approach, nationalizing the issues and attacking what he labels “woke” left policies he claims without evidence are driving energy prices up. 

A power substation outside Birmingham, Ala. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate NewsA power substation outside Birmingham, Ala. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News
A power substation outside Birmingham, Ala. Credit: Lee Hedgepeth/Inside Climate News

Appearing in an ad holding his rifle on a farm, Beeker said he’ll fight for Alabama. 

“As your public service commissioner, I’m again standing with President Trump against woke liberal environmentalists who are trying to kill Alabama jobs,” Beeker said. 

As commissioner, Beeker has not yet called for a formal rate hearing on Alabama Power’s electricity prices. 

McNeil, the Democrat in the race, did not face a primary challenger and has now begun her general election campaign in earnest. Her message? Power bills must come down. 

“This is one of the most important positions on the ballot because it affects 1.5 million Alabamians,” McNeil said of the PSC races at a candidate forum earlier this month. “Utility rates are too high. They are some of the highest in the country. Something has got to be done because what has been going on for the last 20 years got us to where we are today.”

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About This Story

Perhaps you noticed: This story, like all the news we publish, is free to read. That’s because Inside Climate News is a 501c3 nonprofit organization. We do not charge a subscription fee, lock our news behind a paywall, or clutter our website with ads. We make our news on climate and the environment freely available to you and anyone who wants it.

That’s not all. We also share our news for free with scores of other media organizations around the country. Many of them can’t afford to do environmental journalism of their own. We’ve built bureaus from coast to coast to report local stories, collaborate with local newsrooms and co-publish articles so that this vital work is shared as widely as possible.

Two of us launched ICN in 2007. Six years later we earned a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, and now we run the oldest and largest dedicated climate newsroom in the nation. We tell the story in all its complexity. We hold polluters accountable. We expose environmental injustice. We debunk misinformation. We scrutinize solutions and inspire action.

Donations from readers like you fund every aspect of what we do. If you don’t already, will you support our ongoing work, our reporting on the biggest crisis facing our planet, and help us reach even more readers in more places?

Please take a moment to make a tax-deductible donation. Every one of them makes a difference.

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Alabama raises income guidelines for WIC program

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Alabama raises income guidelines for WIC program


MONTGOMERY, Ala. (WSFA) – Alabama has expanded income eligibility for the Women, Infants and Children nutrition program, known as WIC, meaning more families may qualify.

WIC serves people who are pregnant, postpartum or breastfeeding, as well as parents or guardians of children younger than 5. Applications are handled through local county health departments and WIC clinics.

WIC provides food benefits for each eligible family member, including a monthly cash-value benefit that can be used for fruits and vegetables. Each child receives $26 a month, pregnant and postpartum participants receive $48 a month, and breastfeeding participants receive $52 a month. Other approved foods include whole-grain bread and cereal, milk, cheese, yogurt, eggs, peanut butter, beans, canned fish and infant foods.

Participants can also receive nutrition education, breastfeeding support and health care referrals. Alabama’s WIC program issues benefits electronically.

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Family Size Annual Income Weekly Income
2 $40,034 $770
3 $50,542 $972
4 $61,050 $1,175
5 $71,558 $1,377
6 $82,066 $1,579

Under the 2026 federal poverty guidelines, WIC is open to households with incomes up to 185% of the federal poverty level. Participants also must meet nutrition-risk requirements. Families already receiving Medicaid, SNAP or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families generally meet the income guidelines for WIC, though others may qualify as well.

Each unborn infant counts as one in the family size. For additional household sizes, see the Alabama Department of Public Health’s WIC information page.

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