Vermont
Opinion — Peter Langella: We're having the wrong conversation about school funding

This commentary is by Peter Langella of Moretown, a public high school and college educator.
Imagine that education in Vermont is a game of chess.
Over the years, many pieces have been taken away from the board. Student enrollment has declined, but there has also been a steady stream of cuts and consolidations, spiking during Act 46 mergers and now again over the past two years.
Conversely, many other pieces have been added that don’t mesh with the original rules of the game. This is because the United States (and Vermont, under Gov. Scott and his vetoes) has rejected many social foundations and safety nets; and schools, admirably, have often tried to fill the gap by employing special educators, social workers, psychologists, intensive paraeducators, behavior interventionists and a plethora of other important and helpful humans.
So when legislators and bureaucrats talk about “right-sizing,” they are mostly trying to play a conventional game of educational chess based on Carnegie Units, the metric developed in 1906 that awards academic credit based on the number of “seat time” hours in a given course, especially at the high school level. This is the “Reading, wRiting, aRithmetic” model many of today’s decision-makers experienced as students.
Simply put, it’s stagnant, outdated and inequitable.
So, Vermont has a choice. We can react to this education funding crisis by further cutting and consolidating, trying to put all the pieces back the way they were and play chess by the original rules, or we can flip the board over and play a new game — completely transforming our model of public education.
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Public schools in Vermont must become more personalized and community-based, partnering with local organizations for experiential and service-driven learning. Schools must think about what it means to be a compassionate human in our modern world and appropriately backward-design curricula to grow young people to meet that challenge. Schools must be interdisciplinary, creating a fusion of conventional academics with the arts, outdoor education, and sustainability. Schools must center inclusion and intersectionality, striving to represent, honor, and affirm all learners in a way that shares power. And, schools must value the whole student, concentrating on physical, social and emotional well-being above all other metrics.
The possibilities abound. We have so many creative and empathetic people here. We also have so many amazing students, who are truly our resident experts on what school is and what it can be.
We could harness that, but we aren’t, at least not at a statewide level. For example, the Commission on the Future of Public Education, by statute, was supposed to “represent the State’s geographic, gender, racial, and ethnic diversity,” and it knows it failed on multiple levels of its most basic charge. There also aren’t any current educators or school employees who are part of the group, and there are no students, who repeatedly lack power, access and representation in official spaces where their future is being decided, especially when they come from marginalized backgrounds.
On a more micro level, this isn’t happening in most districts or schools, either. Like many around the state, the district I work in had its budget defeated last year. The school board moved quickly to adopt a new number, and district and building administrators were tasked with identifying cuts.
Instead of having a more transformational conversation, they cut librarians, drama teachers, music teachers, business teachers, French teachers, personalized learning coordinators, restorative practices coordinators, mentoring coordinators, instructional coaches, intensive paraeducators and JV sports programs.
It was and is horrendous.
Imagine something better. Imagine flipping that chessboard over and looking at an open canvas. Before talking about tax rates, yield bills and common levels of appraisal; imagine centering teaching and learning. Imagine a visioning process where we, all of us, collectively redefine what school can be.
I’m not naive enough to think it would fit my exact hopes, and I’m not idealistic enough to think it wouldn’t include some cuts and consolidations. But at least it would be intentional.
The current narrative around this crisis is reactionary. The state is trying to force its way back to the chessboard, and it’s being falsely portrayed as the harder choice.
The harder choice, in actuality, is to transform. Create a bold vision and initiate a brand new game of school — creative, holistic, inclusive — that could serve as an example for the entire country.

Vermont
MMU’s Bea Molson returns to glory, CVU girls claim doubles at tennis championships
SOUTH BURLINGTON – The 2025 Vermont girls tennis individual championships involved girls from just two schools with representatives from Champlain Valley facing off against opponents from Mount Mansfield.
The schools managed to split the championships at The EDGE in South Burlington on Saturday, May 31 to conclude the three-day individual tournament before team playoffs begin the first week of June.
Bea Molson book ends career with another championship
Three years ago, Mount Mansfield’s Bea Molson became the first Cougar to win a girls tennis individual championship as a freshman. Molson had not earned a spot again in the singles championship match until her senior season. The Cougar suffered losses in the quarterfinals in 2023 and the semifinals in 2024 to eventual champion Anna Dauerman of Champlain Valley.
Molson entered the 2025 individual tournament as the top seed after winning all 11 regular-season matches. There the senior earned her redemption, defeating third-seeded Dauerman 6-4, 6-3 capturing her second individual title in her high school career.
“(My strategy was) just to keep the play going and hit it behind her to hit winners and just focus on the ball and hit it deep,” Molson said.
Champlain Valley’s Ariel Toohey finally wins doubles championship
For the last two years, CVU’s Ariel Toohey and her former partner Addie Maurer lost in the doubles finals match to Stowe’s Gabby Doehla and Katie Tilgner. With Doehla and Tilgner graduated, Toohey had a chance.
The senior had a new partner in sophomore Rylee Makay. Both Toohey and Makay play mostly singles for CVU, so the start of the individual tournament was the first time they played doubles together.
Despite not having on-the-court chemistry prior to the tournament, Toohey and Makay found a groove that continued into the finals match. Toohey and Makay defeated MMU’s Estelle First and Ava Poehlmann, 7-6, 3-6, 10-4 in a three-set thriller giving the senior the title she fell short of for the past two springs.
“Definitely super satisfying, especially in my senior year,” Toohey said. “It was good to have a new opponent and a new partner and just a fresh start.”
Toohey and Makay immediately clicked and their cohesion was evident during the first two days of the tournament. Toohey and Makay won their first three matchups in straight sets to book a spot in the finals.
In the third set tiebreaker, the Redhawks won the first three points and managed to hold the Cougars off helping CVU win its seventh overall girls doubles championship and first since 2018.
Toohey and Makay gained confidence after winning the first set tiebreaker that carried them to their third set victory.
“I feel like we didn’t put too much pressure on ourselves going into it,” Toohey said. “We knew we had nothing to lose because we didn’t have a reputation as a double team, so we kind of gave it our all.”
Contact Judith Altneu at jaltneu@gannett.com. Follow her on X, formerly known as Twitter: @Judith_Altneu.
Vermont
With education bill at an impasse, Vermont Legislature kicks the can on adjournment – VTDigger

MONTPELIER — After a drawn-out day of disagreements and false starts, the Vermont Legislature bailed on its plan to wrap up business for the year on Friday, failing to come to a deal, at least for now, on this year’s landmark education reform bill.
So strained were the talks, the House and Senate couldn’t even immediately agree on when negotiations would continue.
The Senate gaveled out for the night shortly after 11 p.m. Senate President Pro Tempore Phil Baruth, D/P-Chittenden Central, told his colleagues that coming to an agreement needed more time, and the Senate would instead gavel back in at 2 p.m. Saturday.
“We’re going home now,” Baruth said.
Soon after, around 11:30 p.m., the House adjourned until Monday at noon. From there, House Speaker Jill Krowinski, D-Burlington, said the chamber would be holding brief sessions without taking any actions, known as “token sessions,” until mid-June. That’s when legislators had previously penciled in to hold votes to override potential vetoes by Gov. Phil Scott.
“We’ve been putting compromises on the table all day, trying to find a path forward,” Krowinski said in an interview after ending her chamber’s business for the night. “This is a top priority for this legislative session, and we have to get it right. And at the end of the day, everyone was feeling like it needed more time.”
Legislative leaders said they expect the joint House and Senate panel hashing out the education bill, H.454, to continue meeting in the coming weeks, though the schedule was not immediately clear.


Both chambers signed off on a handful of other bills Friday, including sweeping housing legislation that would set out a program to finance infrastructure around new developments, a bill that would make it harder for neighbors to sue farmers over impacts the farm may have on their properties, and other bills on motor vehicles, cannabis and drug price caps.
However, the outcome leaves the session’s highest-profile work unfinished. Following an election where property tax rates drove voters, leading to a wave of Republican victories in the House and Senate, Democratic legislative leadership pledged to heed voters’ call for a more affordable education system.
Yet four months in, the path toward that future state remained murky.
The parties began Friday closer than they ended it. Early in the day, the House and Senate conference committee members appeared to reach some tentative agreements on H.454. But as the hours wore on, negotiations — at least in public — faltered. The committee had been unable to lock in key details. Left unsettled was which funding formula to use, what to do about school choice and private schools and how to limit spending before school districts consolidate down the road.
Meetings of the conference committee — three senators and three house members — were continuously postponed. Legislators and legislative staff scrambled in and out of rooms. Lobbyists lingered in the halls. As the conference committee drifted further and further from either chamber’s original position, the possibility of explaining the hugely complex and fast-changing piece of legislation to 180 lawmakers looked near-impossible.
The vast majority of lawmakers dawdled as the conference committee worked in fits and starts, with people playing cards and sipping drinks throughout the Statehouse.
The House, Senate and Scott have made education reform the year’s key issue. All three parties agreed on the need to consolidate school districts and transition the state to a new funding formula. But for months, the parties have reached little consensus on the intricacies and the timeline of that generational transformation.
Baruth had told his chamber around 10 p.m. that agreement still looked possible.
“It’s frustrating,” he said on the floor, describing the delay, “but the way I think about it is, your constituents and my constituents sent us here for this night because they want us to do our work, they want us to finish it up, pay strict attention and then be done and go home.”
That proved overly optimistic.
Vermont
Get Ready for Greg Freeman to Be Your Favorite New Indie Rocker

If you’ve kept an ear out for new indie rock in the past few years, there’s a good chance you’ve heard of Burlington, Vermont-based songwriter Greg Freeman. Maybe someone told you to check out his 2022 debut, I Looked Out, with its ragged-edged anthems bearing welcome echoes of Neil Young and Jason Molina. Or maybe you ended up at one of his unforgettable live shows — all-in, passionate performances that have made him a genuine word-of-mouth sensation among indie, classic rock, and Americana fans of all ages.
If you haven’t listened yet, go ahead and get familiar, because Freeman’s new album, Burnover, out Aug. 22, is even better than the last one. Recorded in between tour dates last year, it’s the first album he’s made in a proper studio, something that enhances his electric sound without losing any immediacy. “I taught the players the songs the day we recorded most of them,” Freeman, 26, says. “Which we did out of necessity, but we ended up getting recordings that had energy.”
Freeman is calling from Amsterdam, where he and his band are just wrapping a run of shows in Europe. “Curtain,” the new single he’s releasing today, is a great example of the energy he’s talking about — a free-flowing, brightly-hued rocker that makes his impressionistic lyrics feel like they’re written in the sky.
He’s come a long way from where he was when he first released I Looked Out on a small Oregon-based label called Bud Tapes three years ago. “I mean, I really had no expectations for that record,” Freeman says. He was working at a bakery just outside Burlington at the time, making “sourdough, some yeasted breads, too,” and about six months went by before he realized it might be worth taking the album on the road. “I only decided to tour because people were messaging me about booking shows in other cities and stuff, and I was like, ‘Yeah, maybe we should,’” he says.
A February 2023 show at a Chicago bar called Sleeping Village, where he performed with a seven-piece band he’d brought along from Vermont, drew enthusiastic reviews. “Damn, this is a pretty good crowd for a city 14 hours away,” Freeman recalls thinking.
A few days later, he played “this tiny show in Philly in a record store” where it felt like his band and their gear took up half of the 75-capacity space: “There were people there singing the lyrics, and that was a first for me.”
When he got back to Burlington after that first tour, Freeman took some time off from work to mull his next move. He tore through pulp crime novels by Jim Thompson, poetry by Emily Dickinson and Louise Glück, and literary fiction by W.G. Sebald, and watched old movies like the acclaimed 2001 melodrama In the Bedroom. “I was just looking for inspiration in as many places as I could,” he says.
One thing he was wrestling with was a sense of place. “I guess I was trying to figure out how to write about New England,” says Freeman, who grew up in Maryland and moved to Burlington at age 18. “What does it mean to have that experience of not having a grounded home that’s tied to where you were born?” Ultimately, he adds, “I feel good about the record conveying that kind of complicated relationship with a complicated place.”
“Curtain” was one of the first songs he wrote, pouring out of him as a guitar riff that “was just really fun to play.” He’d been listening to “a lot of ’70s Dylan,” especially 1978’s Street-Legal, and thinking about writing a love song. He added more color and detail in the studio, building out an arrangement that blossoms with horns, keys, woodwinds, and a jaunty tack-piano part by his friend Sam Atallah.
The song runs on for more than six minutes on the album, including a perfectly gnarly guitar solo from Freeman himself. “If we had practiced the song more, it wouldn’t have been so long,” he says. “And I think in our minds, we were like, ‘Oh, we’ll just fade it out or something.’ But listening back, we didn’t want it to end.”
He contrasts that song’s easygoing, spontaneous writing process with the one for “Gulch,” a raw, up-tempo album highlight that took much longer to come into focus. “I mean, I wrote ‘Curtain’ in maybe one day, and ‘Gulch’ took me over a month to write,” he says. “I remember not being able to sleep for many days that month, just trying to write that song and tormented by it…. I was super pissed at a certain point, after three-plus weeks of working on this song. And then I finally got it one day. I drank a half-bottle of wine and wrote it all at once.”
Freeman has a busy calendar coming up, including a one-off date in New York opening for This Is Lorelei in July, followed by more U.K./Europe shows in the late summer and fall and a U.S. run opening for Grandaddy in October. It’s shaping up to be a big year for him — don’t be surprised if he ends up on a trajectory that’s similar to MJ Lenderman’s as more and more people hear Burnover and see him in concert. Adds Freeman, “I’m just excited for more music to be out.”
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