The Vermont Senate on Tuesday overwhelmingly approved an education-reform bill that calls for voluntary school district mergers — leaving the House to weigh in on the compromise legislation that could potentially resolve the biggest issue of the session.
The 27-2 vote in favor of the plan — which lawmakers fine-tuned last week in close consultation with the administration of Gov. Phil Scott — signaled that the legislature and the governor have settled many of their differences about the future of education in Vermont.
The House voted late Tuesday afternoon to form a conference committee to try to quickly work through differences between the House and Senate versions of the bill, including class-size minimums and school-construction aid. If the negotiations go smoothly, the stage could be set for adjournment of the legislature this week.
Tuesday’s development signals that a long-predicted standoff between the governor and the legislature appeared to have been averted.
Advertisement
The governor had advocated for months for mandatory school district mergers, even threatening to keep the legislature in session until it complied with his demand. Lawmakers objected to forced mergers, and instead insisted on local decision-making around consolidation.
Scott ultimately backed down on his ultimatum.
Sen. Seth Bongartz Credit: Kevin McCallum
“The governor made a major concession in the context of good-faith negotiations,” Sen. Seth Bongartz (D-Bennington) said on the Senate floor Tuesday. “That showed a willingness to listen and to work with the legislature to achieve something positive for Vermont taxpayers and for Vermont’s children.”
The version of H.955 passed by the Senate Tuesday has the same framework as the bill passed by the House in April, with some notable changes.
It creates seven cooperative education service agencies, or CESAs, regional entities that allow districts to share resources. Within those CESAs, committees would be formed to consider voluntary school district mergers. The bill also calls for a new education funding formula that allots the average student the same base dollar amount rather than leaving spending decisions to local voters.
Advertisement
After the Senate Education and Finance committees failed to produce a bill that leaders deemed suitable, a small group of senators moved into closed-door meetings with several House members and representatives from Gov. Phil Scott’s administration to hammer out a “consensus amendment” that was brought to the floor on Tuesday.
Sen. Ruth Hardy (D-Addison), Senate minority leader Scott Beck (R-Caledonia), Education chair Sen. Seth Bongartz (D-Bennington) and Finance chair Sen. Ann Cummings (D-Washington) worked on the amendment with House committee chairs Rep. Peter Conlon (D-Cornwall), Rep. Emilie Kornheiser (D-Brattleboro), Rep. Pattie McCoy (R-Rutland).
Hardy said in an interview on Monday that legislators told the administration last week that there was no legislative support — in either the Democratic or Republican caucuses — for mandatory school district mergers. Ultimately, Hardy said, Scott’s team accepted the idea of voluntary mergers and the legislators conceded to a shorter timeline for voluntary town votes on school district mergers and the implementation of the new funding formula.
The Senate amendment largely preserves the process laid out in the House bill by which school districts would consider voluntary mergers. Study committees made up of school board members from different districts would be required to take part in facilitated meetings to contemplate mergers into districts of at least 2,000 students. Because merging will not be mandatory, some of those committees might decide to merge while others may not. Some of Vermont’s larger districts may not even have to contemplate merging because they’re already big enough.
Under the Senate’s amendment, merger committees are required to meet by October and finalize their recommendations by September 1, 2027. Voters would then weigh in on mergers on Town Meeting Day 2028, eight months earlier than the November 2028 vote called for in the House bill.
Advertisement
The amendment also puts a nine-year moratorium on towns petitioning to withdraw from school districts, which might happen if residents fear their school would be closed in a bigger district.
“It was mostly just to keep the process from getting too chaotic,” Hardy said.
The amendment also includes language to prevent small districts from being left out of the merger process. Agency of Education officials said last week that could create isolated or “orphan” districts that would be too small to operate efficiently under the new funding formula. Hardy likened such districts to ones that “nobody picked … for the kickball team.”
By November 2029, the State Board of Education must submit a report to the legislature naming school districts with fewer than 750 students that have not successfully merged. Another process laid out in the amendment allows isolated districts to appeal to the legislature in order to merge with a neighboring district.
The amendment also bumps up by one year the date by which the new funding formula would be implemented, to July 1, 2029 — the same date that new school districts and new property tax classifications would formally go into effect. Some smaller districts would likely merge because they wouldn’t be financially viable under the foundation formula unless they achieve greater scale, Hardy said. School districts that merge, or already have 2,000 students, would also be prioritized for school construction aid.
Advertisement
A number of things would have to happen before the new funding formula goes into effect. Those include decisions related to funding for career and technical education, special education, sparse schools, high schools, geographic cost differences, prekindergarten and transportation. A report commissioned by the legislature that will shed more light on those issues is due at the end of this year. The governor wanted to remove those contingencies, Hardy said on the Senate floor on Tuesday, but legislators advocated to keep them.
Not everyone thought that was a good idea.
Sen. Russ Ingalls (R-Essex), one of two Republican senators who voted against the bill, noted that the funding formula was years away from being put into place, and he expressed doubt it would ever come to fruition.
Sen. Russ Ingalls (R-Essex) Credit: Kevin McCallum
“We keep talking about a foundation formula,” Ingalls said. “I’m pretty sure we’re gonna see Bigfoot before we see one of those.”
The bill is silent on the role of tuitioning students to independent schools.
Advertisement
“Because the whole private-school thing kind of took over last year’s conversation, I think people this year tried to not make it about private schools,” Hardy said. School choice will be something that has to be addressed at the local level during merger-committee discussions.
Hardy pointed out that the final version of the bill reflects the recommendations of the redistricting task force that met over the summer and fall to consider drawing a map with consolidated school districts, only to end up rejecting the proposition in favor of a more measured, democratic approach. Gov. Scott previously said that the task force failed to do its job.
Powerball, Mega Millions jackpots: What to know in case you win
Here’s what to know in case you win the Powerball or Mega Millions jackpot.
Just the FAQs, USA TODAY
The Vermont Lottery offers several draw games for those willing to make a bet to win big.
Advertisement
Those who want to play can enter the MegaBucks and Lucky for Life games as well as the national Powerball and Mega Millions games. Vermont also partners with New Hampshire and Maine for the Tri-State Lottery, which includes the Mega Bucks, Gimme 5 as well as the Pick 3 and Pick 4.
Drawings are held at regular days and times, check the end of this story to see the schedule.
Here’s a look at May 25, 2026, results for each game:
Winning Powerball numbers from May 25 drawing
17-32-48-60-64, Powerball: 10, Power Play: 2
Check Powerball payouts and previous drawings here.
Advertisement
Winning Gimme 5 numbers from May 25 drawing
04-16-18-19-26
Check Gimme 5 payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Pick 3 numbers from May 25 drawing
Day: 7-0-1
Evening: 8-6-2
Check Pick 3 payouts and previous drawings here.
Advertisement
Winning Pick 4 numbers from May 25 drawing
Day: 7-2-7-1
Evening: 3-1-2-9
Check Pick 4 payouts and previous drawings here.
Winning Megabucks Plus numbers from May 25 drawing
17-18-19-20-30, Megaball: 06
Check Megabucks Plus payouts and previous drawings here.
Advertisement
Winning Millionaire for Life numbers from May 25 drawing
07-23-29-38-51, Bonus: 03
Check Millionaire for Life payouts and previous drawings here.
Feeling lucky? Explore the latest lottery news & results
Are you a winner? Here’s how to claim your lottery prize
For Vermont Lottery prizes up to $499, winners can claim their prize at any authorized Vermont Lottery retailer or at the Vermont Lottery Headquarters by presenting the signed winning ticket for validation. Prizes between $500 and $5,000 can be claimed at any M&T Bank location in Vermont during the Vermont Lottery Office’s business hours, which are 8a.m.-4p.m. Monday through Friday, except state holidays.
For prizes over $5,000, claims must be made in person at the Vermont Lottery headquarters. In addition to signing your ticket, you will need to bring a government-issued photo ID, and a completed claim form.
Advertisement
All prize claims must be submitted within one year of the drawing date. For more information on prize claims or to download a Vermont Lottery Claim Form, visit the Vermont Lottery’s FAQ page or contact their customer service line at (802) 479-5686.
Vermont Lottery Headquarters
1311 US Route 302, Suite 100
Barre, VT
05641
Advertisement
When are the Vermont Lottery drawings held?
Powerball: 10:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday.
Mega Millions: 11 p.m. Tuesday and Friday.
Gimme 5: 6:55 p.m. Monday through Friday.
Lucky for Life: 10:38 p.m. daily.
Pick 3 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
Pick 4 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
Pick 3 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
Pick 4 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
Megabucks: 7:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday and Saturday.
Millionaire for Life: 11:15 p.m. daily
What is Vermont Lottery Second Chance?
Vermont’s 2nd Chance lottery lets players enter eligible non-winning instant scratch tickets into a drawing to win cash and/or other prizes. Players must register through the state’s official Lottery website or app. The drawings are held quarterly or are part of an additional promotion, and are done at Pollard Banknote Limited in Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
This results page was generated automatically using information from TinBu and a template written and reviewed by a Vermont editor. You can send feedback using this form.
Kelly Chastenay, head teller at Vermont Federal Credit Union in St. Albans, receives an award from the Employer Support of the Guard Vermont Committee.
Courtesy Photo
ST. ALBANS — The Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve Vermont Committee presented the Patriot Award to Kelly Chastenay, head teller at Vermont Federal Credit Union in St. Albans, and to Nicole Callahan, recognizing their exceptional support for an employee serving in the Vermont National Guard.
The awards were presented by Michael Pacheco and Jamille Cunningham.
Advertisement
Chastenay was praised as a patient mentor and strong leader who consistently supports her employee’s military commitments.
“Kelly is always understanding when I attend annual training or drills,” the service member said. “She accommodates sudden orders, pushes me to grow, and does everything she can to help. I’m incredibly grateful for her support of me and the Vermont National Guard.”
Both Chastenay and Callahan were recognized for checking in regularly, offering reassurance during staffing challenges, and ensuring their employee never has to worry about their civilian job while away on training.
“Kelly and Nicole have been amazing supporters,” the service member added. “They help me balance work and service, and I hope they know how truly grateful I am.”
The Patriot Award honors employers who go above and beyond to support Guard and Reserve members through flexibility, encouragement, and understanding.
Advertisement
For more information about ESGR, please visit ESGR.mil.
MONTPELIER — The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD®) today celebrated the signing of House Bill 46 into law by Governor Phil Scott, establishing a Rare Disease Advisory Council (RDAC) in Vermont.
This legislation, sponsored by Representatives Mary-Katherine Stone (Chittenden-14), Anne Donahue (Washington-1), and Daniel Noyes (Lamoille-2) and supported by NORD and patient advocates across the state, will ensure that Vermonters living with a rare disease have a formal voice in the state to address their unique and complex needs.
“NORD was born in New England more than 43 years ago, and today we see that legacy reflected in every corner of this region,” said NORD Chief Executive Officer Pamela K. Gavin. “But what moves me most about Vermont is the community that made this happen — patients and caregivers who showed up and turned a bill into a law. The challenges facing the rare disease community are immense and complex, and an RDAC is one of the most powerful tools a state can give its patients and caregivers to begin solving them together. I am so proud of what Vermont’s community achieved, and NORD will continue standing alongside them as this important work moves forward.”
Advertisement
Vermont’s council has two features that set it apart. Of its Vermont-based stakeholder membership, it includes a seat explicitly reserved for an older Vermonter living with a rare disease — a nationally rare provision that reflects the reality that rare diseases do not discriminate by age, and that aging patients in a rural state face compounding barriers to care. The council also includes a geneticist or genetic counselor, a seat that reflects the growing importance of cell and gene therapies: nearly 80% of rare diseases have a genetic origin.
The council launches at a pivotal moment. With the recent disbanding of the federal Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (ACHDNC) — the national body that historically guided state newborn screening programs — states are increasingly on their own in navigating screening guidance. Vermont’s RDAC is empowered to develop policy recommendations identifying conditions for the Department of Health to consider as part of its screening guidance, giving Vermont an in-state expert body to help fill that void.
“After years of advocacy, I’m proud to see this bill pass, giving patients and families a stronger voice and better coordination in the care they need and deserve,” said bill sponsor Representative Mary-Katherine Stone.
The effort carried support from more than 30 patient organizations — including from the ALS Association, Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Alliance (FARA), the National Fragile X Foundation, the International Pemphigus & Pemphigoid Foundation, and the Ehlers-Danlos Society — reflecting the community-driven nature of the effort. Vermonters with lived experience of rare disease also testified alongside medical professionals from the Vermont Medical Society, the University of Vermont’s Larner College of Medicine, and the Vermont Department of Health.
“As a Vermonter living with a rare disease and an advocate for awareness and research, I’m grateful that our voices and lived experiences are helping shape future policy. Through collaboration and strong relationships, Vermont’s Rare Disease Advisory Council represents meaningful progress, and I’m deeply hopeful it will improve the lives of individuals and families across our state for generations to come,” said Mary Nadon Scott of Northfield, Vermont, a Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Alliance (FARA) Ambassador, 2025 NORD Rare Impact Award recipient, and patient advocate who testified before the Vermont legislature in support of the bill.
Advertisement
“I am so proud to live in Vermont, where our legislators listen to their constituents and chose to learn more about Vermonters living with rare diseases,” said Leslie Kanat, PhD, a NORD volunteer and parent of a child with Fragile X Syndrome, who testified before the Vermont legislature in support of the bill. “Approximately ten percent of Vermonters have a rare disease, and they will now have a voice in future policy decisions.”
The RDAC movement has grown rapidly: in 2020, just nine states had established a Rare Disease Advisory Council, covering 19% of Americans. Today, with Vermont’s signing, 34 states covering 78% of the country now have RDACs — a shift driven by sustained advocacy and a clear record of results. States with RDACs score statistically significantly higher on NORD’s State Report Card® for rare disease policy than those without them.
NORD works with thousands of grassroots advocates across the United States to advance federal and state policies that benefit the more than 30 million Americans who have a rare disease, defined as any disease that impacts fewer than 200,000 people.
Of the more than 10,000 known rare diseases, only approximately 5% have an FDA-approved treatment. Getting an accurate diagnosis can take years for some rare disease patients, and their direct medical costs have been shown to be three to five times higher than those of someone of similar age who does not have a rare disease.
Individuals can get involved and support their state’s rare disease community by joining NORD’s Rare Action Network® and learning more about NORD’s Project RDAC and Rare Disease Advisory Councils.
Advertisement
About the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD®)
With a more 40-year history of advancing care, treatments, and policy, the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD®) is the leading and longest-standing patient advocacy group for the more than 30 million Americans living with a rare disease. A nonpartisan, independent 501(c)(3) nonprofit, NORD is dedicated to individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them. NORD, along with its more than 350 patient organization members, is committed to improving the health and well-being of people with rare diseases by driving advances in care, research, and policy.
View original content to download multimedia: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/vermont-governor-signs-rare-disease-advisory-council-into-law-302777089.html
SOURCE National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD®)