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Growing a tropical-tasting fruit in your Vermont backyard

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Growing a tropical-tasting fruit in your Vermont backyard


From a mild winter to a warm, wet and humid summer, one fruit tree in particular is thriving here. The paw paw tree is native to North America and has been a staple of Indigenous peoples for centuries. It also grows the largest edible tree fruit that are native to the U.S.

Found growing in patches or thickets in the eastern U.S., and the mid-Atlantic area, weather conditions like we’ve had this past year mean this temperate climate version of a tropical fruit can also grow well in our region.

In the landscape, it can be pretty impressive, too. The paw paw tree can grow up to 20 feet tall and get heavy with fruits that look like mangoes. Plus, the paw paw tree’s leaves resemble those of an avocado. If you do plan to plant them, plant two or more to get pollination, as the flowers are not very easily pollinated by bees. (You could also try hand-pollination to nudge them along).

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This season has been a good one for paw paw trees in our region. Charlie Nardozzi brought in paw paw fruit for taste-testers to try.

The trees produce large flowers first before the leaves emerge, then the fruits themselves can grow between 2 and 6 inches. The paw paw fruits vary in color from green when they are unripe, and yellowish-green with brown or black spots when ripe, in late August through late September.

When ready to eat, paw paws are soft inside with yellow flesh and large magenta seeds. The texture resembles an avocado or cherimoya, thus one of paw paw’s many nicknames — “custard apple.” You can slice them open and scoop out the flesh with a spoon or use the fruits in baking, but avoid eating the seeds and peel, as they are toxic.

Some have compared the sweet fruit’s taste to that of banana, mango and pineapple, or even a mix of all of those. Our own taste-testers tried some paw paw and weighed in with flavor descriptions likening it to mango or lychee, and even cotton candy, with sweet and floral notes.

Paw paw trees are hardy to Zone Five and they have relatively few pests. Though, once the fruits ripen, you might have to fight off the raccoons!

A question about pests on leeks

Q: Hi! I created a no-dig, interplanted garden for the first time this year, with more flowers than I’ve given space to before. Some things thrived, others not so much, but on the whole it was beautiful! How do I keep those little squirmy wormy things from boring into my leeks? – Mila, via email

A: That sounds like it’s probably the leek moth. They lay an egg that hatches into a little caterpillar that will tunnel down into your leeks, garlic, onions and a lot of other alliums.

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You could try a spray like bacillus thurengiensis or BT, like you would for a cabbage worm. But if you’d rather not use a spray, try covering your plants with micromesh right after planting. This closely-woven mesh keeps the moth from ever reaching your plants to lay eggs in the first place, thus eliminating the caterpillars.

A question about lilac blight

Q: Many lilacs have been hit with a blight this summer. One of my lilacs started dropping leaves in August and is now blooming for a second time this year, all be it very small bloom clusters. Will my lilac recover next year? – Sandy, via email

A: Your lilac will recover! This year, we’ve had several stressors, including a mild winter, then a wet summer, which allowed several fungal diseases to flourish, followed by warm and dry weather later in the season.

All of those conditions are causing a lot of spring bloomers, like lilacs, to flower again. You might even see forsythias and flowering quince and other shrubs flowering now, too.

Blooming now will not harm the plant but you won’t get as many flowers next year. As for your lilacs, as long as you can see live terminal green buds on the lilacs’ branches, that means that the plant is healthy and it’ll come back next year.

All Things Gardening is powered by you, our audience! Send us your toughest conundrums and join the fun. Email your question to gardening@vermontpublic.org or better yet, leave a voicemail with your gardening question so we can use your voice on the air! Call Vermont Public at 1-800-639-2192.

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A Vermont bill meant to help music fans could do the opposite – VTDigger

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A Vermont bill meant to help music fans could do the opposite – VTDigger


This commentary is by David Balto, an antitrust commentator and a former assistant director for policy and evaluation in the Bureau of Competition at the Federal Trade Commission and trial attorney in the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice.

Supporting small businesses over big companies is in Vermonters’ DNA. The Green Mountain State was the first state to ban roadside billboards, and our tax code is written to support mom-and-pop shops over large corporations. Montpelier is the only state capital without a McDonald’s or a Starbucks. So why, days after a federal jury sided with Vermont Attorney General Charity Clark and more than 30 other states, ruling that Ticketmaster and its parent company Live Nation were operating an illegal monopoly, is the state Legislature advancing a policy that will help this corporation invade our state while undercutting our attorney general’s antitrust suit?

Live Nation, which owns and operates some of the largest music venues across the country, and Ticketmaster, which controls roughly 80% of the country’s initial ticket sales, merged in 2010. Since then, ticket prices are up 120%. 

Since the merger, Live Nation-Ticketmaster has used tactics like the “velvet hammer” — withholding concerts from venues they do not control or work with — to consolidate power. Then they force fans to pay sky-high fees, from marking up parking passes to forcing venues to only sell water from a brand Live Nation owns. In internal messages, employees even bragged about how they “gouge” fans and joked they were “robbing them blind.” 

It’s no surprise that, after a decade and a half of antitrust violations, the Live Nation-Ticketmaster monopoly made $25 billion last year. 

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Now, the company, which doesn’t own any venues in Vermont, appears poised to establish a foothold in the Green Mountain State with the help of a well-intentioned but poorly executed bill working its way through Montpelier.

Lawmakers are considering legislation that would cap the price of event tickets being resold at no more than 10% above face value. The measure was recently approved by the House and is currently moving through the Senate. 

On its face, the idea sounds appealing: Cracking down on excessive markups should be a win for fans. But the fact that Live Nation-Ticketmaster, which was just found to be operating an illegal monopoly that harmed fans, venues and artists, has supported price caps like those proposed in H.512 in Washington, D.C., California, New York, Minnesota and Ontario should give Vermonters pause.

This billion-dollar corporation doesn’t support ticket resale price caps because it’s good for fans. The company advocates for this policy because the caps don’t apply to “primary” ticket sales: the original point of sale, of which Ticketmaster controls 80%. Instead, the price caps would only apply to resale marketplaces — hitting the only companies that compete with the Live Nation-Ticketmaster monopoly.

Less competition means more power and higher profits for Live Nation-Ticketmaster.

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In most states, price caps would consolidate Live Nation-Ticketmaster’s control and allow it to raise ticket prices even further. In Vermont, H.512 may be the final ingredient it needs to enter the state, and, to quote its executives, “boil the frog” — using monopoly power to slowly squeeze out our independent music venues.

With this legislation moving through the Statehouse, Live Nation-Ticketmaster is already establishing a foothold in the Green Mountain State. Earlier this month, it announced a partnership with CashorTrade, a Vermont-based ticketing platform.  

But Live Nation-Ticketmaster doesn’t even need to operate in our state to benefit if Vermont passes this law. If Vermont, which prides itself on pushing back against corporate power, enacts resale price caps, we hand Live Nation-Ticketmaster a powerful talking point to advance its power grab in additional states. We become a critical data point; an example of what “good policy” looks like.

H.512 includes some real, positive policies that help venues and consumers, but the price cap provision that came along for the ride squarely benefits Live Nation-Ticketmaster. Vermont can, and should, have the former without the latter.

Vermont needs to stand up to this corporate bully. If any state knows how to, it’s this one.

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VT Lottery Gimme 5, Pick 3 results for April 30, 2026

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Powerball, Mega Millions jackpots: What to know in case you win

Here’s what to know in case you win the Powerball or Mega Millions jackpot.

Just the FAQs, USA TODAY

The Vermont Lottery offers several draw games for those willing to make a bet to win big.

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Those who want to play can enter the MegaBucks and Lucky for Life games as well as the national Powerball and Mega Millions games. Vermont also partners with New Hampshire and Maine for the Tri-State Lottery, which includes the Mega Bucks, Gimme 5 as well as the Pick 3 and Pick 4.

Drawings are held at regular days and times, check the end of this story to see the schedule.

Here’s a look at April 30, 2026, results for each game:

Winning Gimme 5 numbers from April 30 drawing

02-12-22-25-31

Check Gimme 5 payouts and previous drawings here.

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Winning Pick 3 numbers from April 30 drawing

Day: 5-0-0

Evening: 5-9-9

Check Pick 3 payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Pick 4 numbers from April 30 drawing

Day: 9-1-6-3

Evening: 5-1-7-1

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Check Pick 4 payouts and previous drawings here.

Winning Millionaire for Life numbers from April 30 drawing

05-19-21-42-55, Bonus: 03

Check Millionaire for Life payouts and previous drawings here.

Feeling lucky? Explore the latest lottery news & results

Are you a winner? Here’s how to claim your lottery prize

For Vermont Lottery prizes up to $499, winners can claim their prize at any authorized Vermont Lottery retailer or at the Vermont Lottery Headquarters by presenting the signed winning ticket for validation. Prizes between $500 and $5,000 can be claimed at any M&T Bank location in Vermont during the Vermont Lottery Office’s business hours, which are 8a.m.-4p.m. Monday through Friday, except state holidays.

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For prizes over $5,000, claims must be made in person at the Vermont Lottery headquarters. In addition to signing your ticket, you will need to bring a government-issued photo ID, and a completed claim form.

All prize claims must be submitted within one year of the drawing date. For more information on prize claims or to download a Vermont Lottery Claim Form, visit the Vermont Lottery’s FAQ page or contact their customer service line at (802) 479-5686.

Vermont Lottery Headquarters

1311 US Route 302, Suite 100

Barre, VT

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05641

When are the Vermont Lottery drawings held?

  • Powerball: 10:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday.
  • Mega Millions: 11 p.m. Tuesday and Friday.
  • Gimme 5: 6:55 p.m. Monday through Friday.
  • Lucky for Life: 10:38 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 3 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 4 Day: 1:10 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 3 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
  • Pick 4 Evening: 6:55 p.m. daily.
  • Megabucks: 7:59 p.m. Monday, Wednesday and Saturday.
  • Millionaire for Life: 11:15 p.m. daily

What is Vermont Lottery Second Chance?

Vermont’s 2nd Chance lottery lets players enter eligible non-winning instant scratch tickets into a drawing to win cash and/or other prizes. Players must register through the state’s official Lottery website or app. The drawings are held quarterly or are part of an additional promotion, and are done at Pollard Banknote Limited in Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

This results page was generated automatically using information from TinBu and a template written and reviewed by a Vermont editor. You can send feedback using this form.



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Commentary | Notes from a Vermont Activist by Nancy Braus: Why the sudden push for teen pregnancies?

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Commentary | Notes from a Vermont Activist by Nancy Braus: Why the sudden push for teen pregnancies?


With all the talk of right wing men having a hard time finding a partner, I really was surprised to discover that Stephen Miller, the inspiration for many of Trump’s cruelest immigration policies, had a wife. But, I then was unsurprised that his wife, Katie Miller, has an anti-feminist podcast. Also no surprise: she has been lamenting that the US fertility rate is falling rapidly. But here is the true shocker: who can we blame for that rotten news?

“Since 2007, the teen birth rate has fallen 72%. Hormonal birth control isn’t just poison for women’s minds and bodies — it’s killing population growth. For the first time ever, birth rates for women in their late 30s have surpassed those in their early 20s.”

And to add to the horror of it all, according to Marc Siegel, a talking head on Faux News masquerading as a senior medical analyst, the following actually qualifies as a social problem, and we should be very worried: ”We’re telling people that are young not to have babies, to wait ‘til they’re in a more stable life situation, ‘til they’re more financially secure, maybe they haven’t found the right partner.”

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Yes, the very idea of waiting until you have met someone you can see raising a child with, maybe you even deeply love, have enough financial resources to live independently of your hard working parents or parent, and even a high school diploma, is too much for the MAGA crowd in the face of a worse crime: a declining fertility rate.

I guess I missed something: have not the good Christians of the past been horrified by teen sexual activity? In the very recent past, within even the memory of the youngest voters, did teens who engaged in wanton sexual activity not face punishment? Did I imagine the many demands for “abstinence only” sex “education”?

Maybe the push to accept and welcome children having babies is something else altogether: more “Handmaid’s Tale,” and less allowing the kids to relax about sex.

I have to wonder if part, or even all, of this hand wringing is directly related to the rape culture ushered in by electing a president whose followers thought it was cool that he had bragged about grabbing a woman by the “pussy,” and was convicted of molesting a woman in a department store dressing room. Secretary of War Crimes, Pete Hegseth, is mad full of the teachings of a raving lunatic, Doug Wilson, pastor of possibly the most misogynist sect in a country full of weird allegedly Christian teachings, the Communion of Reformed Evangelical Churches.

At the schools associated with this cult, Amanda Marcotte writes: “Students at ACCS schools who said they were sexually abused by teachers reported being blamed for causing the older men to ‘stumble.’”

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And of course, the cherry on the pie for the pro-natalist crowd, Planned Parenthood is the devil and always being deprived of funds that could help women and families actually have some agency in choosing when and if to have kids. And abortion is the worst sin! Senator Josh Hawley is currently attempting to make safe abortions illegal by pressuring a corrupt FDA to declare that mifepristone is unsafe for use —with Republican Senate enthusiasm.

So this push for teen pregnancies may actually not be condoning sex between consenting teens as much as acknowledging the number of young girls who are victims of men who are family members, employers, teachers, politicians, and all the men who see Donald Trump and his ilk as role models. The drip, drip, drip of information about the Dear Leader and rape of a 13-year-old girl continues. Trump acolyte Matt Gaetz has been very credibly accused of child trafficking and statutory rape. While he resigned from Congress, he continues to hold his Florida law license.

This is a dangerous moment for girls — we who grew up with the feminist movement understand and lived what we hope we left behind. Rape was taken as a joke until women forced the issue. I do not need to remind anyone of the many challenges of teen pregnancy. I raised three children — as a full grown adult. I can’t even imagine having taken on the day after day parenting struggles as a 17-year-old, much less at age 14. While the trumpers are doing their best to create a dystopian society, we cannot forget what we, and the suffragettes before us, have achieved in the struggle for women’s rights. No ambiguity 3 — our rights are being challenged by men who believe that the worst elements of the past must be the future. Well, we say no!

Nancy Braus is a long-time political activist who writes from Guilford. The opinions expressed by columnists do not necessarily reflect the views of Vermont News & Media.

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