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Wisconsin science, industry play critical roles in creating powerful new Rubin Observatory

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Wisconsin science, industry play critical roles in creating powerful new Rubin Observatory



The NSF-DOE Rubin Observatory is a groundbreaking achievement for astronomers. Scientists and companies in Wisconsin made the endeavor possible.

Light from faraway galaxies can show us what the universe was like billions of years ago. But the movements and mysteries of those galaxies tell physicists that we still don’t know what makes up the vast majority of the universe.

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“How did it begin? When will it end? What is it made of?”

Keith Bechtol, a physics professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison, said these are some of the questions scientists will try to address with a new observatory in Chile featuring the biggest camera ever built.

The NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory, funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation and U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, released the first set of images on June 23. The stunning images represent the fruits of a decades-long effort to push the study of the cosmos well past its current limits.  

Building the Rubin Observatory, which sits on a summit in Chile’s Andes Mountain range, spanned three decades and involved parts and people from three continents. Some of the most important support came from Wisconsin.

‘Visionary’ Rubin Observatory provides detailed look at the cosmos

Beginning in October 2025, the Rubin Observatory will embark on the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Over the next 10 years it will scan the entire Southern Hemisphere sky about 800 times, providing the most detailed look at the universe to date.

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The plan going forward sounds deceptively simple.

Getting to the starting point was anything but that.

“The whole idea for the (Rubin) observatory was so visionary when it was conceived (in the 1990s) that many of the technologies didn’t exist at that time” said Bechtol.

Bechtol served as the System Verification and Validation Scientist for the international team in charge of the Rubin. He oversaw much of the testing that ensures scientists will reliably get the high-quality data they are seeking.

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Observatories usually face trade-offs between how big an area they scan, the resolution of the photos they take and how fast they can take them. The scientists designing the Rubin attacked these challenges on all three fronts.

The Simonyi Survey Telescope installed uses an innovative mirror system to reflect incoming light onto a camera the size of a car. After scanning one piece of the sky, the whole system rapidly spins to look in a different direction, rotating in coordination with its protective dome while maintaining near perfect alignment of the mirrors.

According to Bechtol, displaying one image at full resolution would require enough high-definition TVs to cover a basketball court.

The final step in building the Rubin — installing the 80-ton mirror system — was made possible by the Milwaukee-based company PFlow Industries.

Pieces of the telescope were assembled at a staging area but needed to be raised five stories to be installed in the dome. PFlow custom-built a lift capable of moving critical equipment from the assembly area to the dome. A video shared by Rubin Observatory shows this lift in action.

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During and after construction, Bechtol organized a series of “rehearsals” to simulate how the Rubin will operate. He accounted for details including the workflow of operating it, the challenge of transferring massive amounts of data from the summit, and even making sure the summit hotel was staffed and had food for its residents.  

After nearly 30 years of dreaming, designing, building and testing, the first images from Rubin Observatory arrived.

Scientists share new images with the public

UW-Madison hosted a First Look Party on June 23 to view these images with the public. Nearly 100 people gathered in a physics department auditorium to watch a livestream of a press conference in Washington, D.C., before participating in a panel discussion with Bechtol and other scientists who will use data from the Rubin.

Even though Monday was the first chance for the public to see the images, some of the scientists involved in the project had a sneak peek.

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“I woke up in bed and saw messages” that the first images had come in, said Miranda Gorsuch, a graduate student at UW-Madison who has Bechtol as an advisor. “It was like waking up from a dream.”

Gorsuch plans to use the data to study the structure of the universe and how it evolves over time.

Rubin Observatory is named after Vera C. Rubin, an astronomer who first provided observations suggesting we might not be able to see most of the matter making up the universe. Understanding the properties of this “dark matter” is one of the top priorities for scientists who will use the collected data.  

But there is so much more to learn; the Rubin is already showing outer space in incredible detail. Just one small slice of our solar system imaged by Rubin Observatory already led to the discovery of 2,000 new asteroids. In one image of the full field of view, scientists detected 10 million galaxies — many for the first time. By repeatedly scanning the sky, scientists hope to use the Rubin as an alert system for rare events, like supernovae, which they can then observe in more focused follow-up studies.

“This is when science works best – when you have this interplay” between new discoveries and the new questions they raise, Bechtol said.

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“There’s a science case (for building the Rubin), but any time you do this, there is also a set of questions you haven’t thought to ask yet” said Eric Wilcots, dean of the College of Letters and Science at UW-Madison.

While UW-Madison was just one of many universities involved in the international project, Wilcots believes its participation will inspire future scientists and attract them to Wisconsin.

Both Bechtol and Wilcots stressed the importance of sustained financial support from the NSF and DOE to bring the project to fruition.

Rob Morgan was one of the first graduate students advised by Bechtol, working on a Dark Energy Survey that served as a precursor to Rubin Observatory. According to Morgan, the Rubin is the culmination of the astronomy field’s shift towards a “big data” approach. Now, Morgan applies the skills he learned as an astrophysicist to his work at Google’s office in Madison.

“Google is where ‘big data’ is done for the rest of the world,” said Morgan.

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This week’s image release represented a beginning. Scientists will spend years collecting and analyzing data. Still, the opening provided a moment worth cherishing.

“We don’t get a lot of observatory openings,” said Alyssa Jankowski, who recently completed an undergraduate degree at UW-Madison. “It’s important to celebrate.”



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Construction is underway on Pizza Ranch restaurant in Wisconsin Rapids

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Construction is underway on Pizza Ranch restaurant in Wisconsin Rapids



Crews are starting to work on the new Pizza Ranch in Wisconsin Rapids. We have an updated timeline for the restaurant.

WISCONSIN RAPIDS – Crews are starting to work on building the new Pizza Ranch in Wisconsin Rapids.

Angie and Gary Hall from Kellner will be the owners and operators of Pizza Ranch when the restaurant with FunZone opens near Home Depot in Wisconsin Rapids.

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Angie Hall told a Daily Tribune reporter March 24 crews started preparing and clearing the land Tuesday morning in advance of putting in the building footings next week.

Pizza Ranch also became members of the Heart of Wisconsin Chamber of Commerce Tuesday morning and will host a groundbreaking ceremony at 10 a.m. April 6 on the property, Hall said.

Construction is estimated to take about six months to complete, and Hall said they’re expecting to host a grand opening in September.

Hall said she and her husband can’t wait for this chapter to start, and they strive to live Pizza Ranch’s vision, “to glorify God by positively impacting the world,” Hall said.

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Pizza Ranch is not just a restaurant and FunZone, Hall said, but will be here for the community, giving back to the community in any and every way possible, she said.

After years of rumors Pizza Ranch would open a Wisconsin Rapids location, plans have been in the works since city leaders approved initial parking plans for the site, naming the 8,137-square-foot restaurant in October.

Hall told a Daily Tribune reporter in January she and her husband would be the owners and operators of the new location. Gary Hall is currently the general manager of the Stevens Point area location, and Angie Hall is a district manager for multiple locations throughout the state.

For more information, visit pizzaranch.com.

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Contact Caitlin at cshuda@usatodayco.com or follow her on Twitter @CaitlinShuda.





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Wisconsin Lutheran’s Zens is Gatorade state player of the year

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Wisconsin Lutheran’s Zens is Gatorade state player of the year


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  • Zavier Zens was named the 2025-26 Gatorade Wisconsin boys basketball player of the year.
  • The Wisconsin Lutheran senior also won the Mr. Basketball award and a third straight state title.
  • Zens averaged 23.4 points per game and led his team to an undefeated 30-0 season.
  • He was also recognized for his community service, youth coaching, and a 3.38 GPA.

Wisconsin Lutheran senior Zavier Zens rounded out a week that already saw him named to the Naismith High School All-American list, receive the Mr. Basketball Award from the Wisconsin Basketball Coaches Association and win a third consecutive WIAA state title with his Vikings teammates by being named the 2025-26 Gatorade Wisconsin boys basketball player of the year.

In a release from March 20, Gatorade announced Zens as Wisconsin Lutheran’s second Gatorade player of the year in the past three seasons, joining his first cousin, Kon Knueppel. The 6-foot-7 Northern Iowa commit averaged 23.4 points, 5.4 rebounds, 4.4 assists and shot 61.8% from the field, leading Wisconsin Lutheran’s second 30-0 season in the past three years.

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In addition to his on-court impact, the Gatorade press release highlighted Zens’ community impact as a youth basketball coach, participation in community service through his church and a 3.38 weighted GPA in the classroom among the factors leading to his selection.

“Zavier is incredible,” Greendale coach Ryan Johnson said in the Gatorade release. “He has had an incredible season as the leader of not only the top-ranked team in the state, but one of the best teams in the country. He scores at all three levels, defends at a high level and is a true leader.”

Zens scored 21 points in a 68-61 WIAA Division 1 state semifinal win over Appleton North on March 20, before adding another team-best 20 points on 8-of-9 shooting to lead a 57-37 win in the D1 state title game over Madison Memorial on March 21.

He finishes his career as the No. 3 career scorer in school history (1,611 points), No. 7 in career rebounds (463), No. 2 in career threes (154) and single-season points (703), while holding the school record for converted field goals in a season (282).

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Gatorade player of the year recognizes one state winner from each of the 50 states and Washington, D.C., in 12 sports, including: football, girls volleyball, boys and girls cross-country, boys and girls basketball, baseball, softball, boys and girls soccer, as well as boys and girls track and field. In total, 610 high school athletes are recognized each year. From the pool of state winners, one national winner is selected in each of the 12 sports by a committee that leverages coaches, scouts, media and other sources to determine each sport’s winner.



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Predicting Wisconsin’s chances of retaining its starters

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Predicting Wisconsin’s chances of retaining its starters


Coming off a uniquely discouraging loss to High Point in the NCAA Tournament’s Round of 64, Greg Gard and the Wisconsin Badgers don’t have time to lick their wounds, as the transfer portal madness will be upon us before you can say “Still No Sweet 16 Since 2017.”

With this in mind, here are my very early best guesses for the chances of the Badgers retaining their guys. Part 2, which will cover rotational players, will drop soon.

Let’s dive right in here with the Badgers’ trickiest retention target. I want to be up front with the fact that I have zero insider information on this, but I’ve talked to enough folks who cover the program to have a distinct vibe that he’s quite possibly gone. Illinois, Michigan, and Michigan State have been the most frequently linked suitors for a player who grew up in Detroit and whose father played for the Illini.

Coming off a season with many highs, but a few obvious regressions, especially on defense—along with admitted “struggles” off the court—it’s natural to wonder if Blackwell might be looking for a fresh start (and bigger paycheck).

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The fact that there will be more money on the table elsewhere (I don’t think it will be the NBA) doesn’t help the Badgers’ chances. But my vibe is that Gard, the coach who believed in Blackwell when none from other Big Ten programs did, will give Blackwell a very fair offer with a raise and let the chips fall where they may.

High-scoring wings with middling defense are easier to find in the portal than top-quality point guards or bigs with the diverse skills of the player in my next evaluation. Chances of Retention 50%.

Given his premium skill set and room for growth, there’s a good argument that Winter should be the Badgers No. 1 priority for retention. It’s also a fact that he likely has more to prove before an NBA squad will use a pick on him, although I suspect workouts and testing would only help his cause.

Winter has always struck me as Minnesota Nice and profiles as a quintessential Badger. But I felt similarly about Chucky Hepburn before he surprisingly bolted for Louisville before his senior year, so nothing can be taken for granted.

Winter declining to commit to a fourth season in Madison 20 minutes after losing to High Point has been overblown. He was distraught and coming to grips with a cruel and premature end to what was looking like a special March run.

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So, I will cut him some slack here. My vibe is that we’ll see Winter back with the Badgers in ‘26-27. Chances of Retention: 70%.

Rapp’s progression on both offense and defense as the season progressed was incredibly encouraging, and his commitment to another year in Madison immediately after Wisconsin’s loss to High Point was music to fans ears.

For the same reasons why we shouldn’t put too much of our hopes and dreams into what Winter said or didn’t say postgame on Thursday, I’d caution you to take Rapp’s Badgers pledge as written in pencil.

While I think he’ll be back, there will be suitors for Rapp’s skill set, and he will be getting a sizable raise. Gard will need to work a bit to lock him down. Chances of Retention: 80%.

Like Rapp, the sturdy Lithuanian big who appears older than his actual age made impressive strides as the season went along, ending up as a solid 5/5 guy with a few notable high points, including torching an elite Michigan squad from deep on the way to college basketball’s most impressive victory of the season.

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But his defense has a lot of room for growth, and his offense can also improve, so my guess is that both aspects of his game will be nurtured in Madison, where he was a valuable starter as a true freshman, a rarity.

While he’ll surely have a market in the portal given his age and inside/outside talents, it won’t be nearly as robust as for other Badgers. Being from Europe makes it a bit murkier, but I feel uniquely confident he’ll be back in Madison. Chances of Retention: 85%.



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