Health
What is rucking? This popular fitness trend goes back to basics for big gains
Rucking, a fitness activity that’s growing in popularity, is much simpler than it might sound.
Inspired by a military training exercise, it involves walking while carrying a heavy load — usually in a backpack — to reap a number of health benefits.
As the weather cools down, adding weight to your fall walk or hike can enhance your workout, fitness experts say.
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Retired Army Green Beret Jason McCarthy started his Florida-based company, GORUCK, based on the technique he learned in the service.
Inspired by a military training exercise, rucking involves walking while carrying a heavy load, usually in a backpack. (GORUCK)
The company has conducted more than 10,000 live rucking events since 2010, according to its website, and there are more than 500 independently owned GORUCK clubs around the world.
In an on-camera interview with Fox News Digital, the CEO called rucking “really simple,” as it only requires putting weight in a backpack or “rucksack” and walking.
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“It’s carrying weight,” he said. “Rucking is the foundation of special forces training — or any infantry training, for that matter.”
“You pick up weight, things are heavy – ammunition and weapons and mortars and food and batteries and radios … and you have to transport that, so you’re rucking it.”
Rucking has been linked to a number of health benefits, experts say. (GORUCK)
The concept of rucking goes all the way back to the hunter-gatherer days, McCarthy noted.
“The original rucksack was whatever animal you brought back to the tribe to eat for dinner and someone had to put that on their back and carry it,” he said.
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“Humans are uniquely built to carry like that, so this is not some fad, it’s not some exercise machine. It’s something we’re innately built to do.”
Rucking can be considered “cardio for people who hate cardio,” McCarthy said, as it allows people to increase their heart rate without exerting too much energy.
“This is not some fad … it’s something we’re innately built to do.”
The activity is also much lower-impact than other exercises like running, and it can be scaled back depending on how much weight is added, he noted.
“It’s really accessible to all,” McCarthy said. “Go out and be more active.”
Rucking is “highly accessible,” a fitness trained said, as it can be done “almost anywhere … on trails, in the city or even on a treadmill.” (GORUCK)
McCarthy recommends that first-time ruckers “add a little weight, add a little challenge to your life — 10, 20, 30 pounds — and just sort of carry it around.”
An additional challenge is to ruck while walking the dog or pushing the kids in a stroller, he said, with some added weight in a backpack.
Maximizing rucking results
In a separate conversation with Fox News Digital, celebrity personal trainer Kollins Ezekh confirmed that rucking can enhance cardiovascular endurance, strengthen muscles and improve posture.
Rucking engages the core, back, legs and shoulders, providing a “full-body workout” without high impact on the joints, according to the Los Angeles-based trainer.
Rucking engages the core, back, legs and shoulders, providing a “full-body workout” without high impact to joints. (GORUCK)
“Rucking is also a calorie burner, making it a great option for those looking to shed weight,” he said. “It’s simple, requires minimal equipment and can be scaled up by adjusting the weight.”
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Ezekh has recommended rucking to his personal training clients, especially those seeking a low-impact cardio option.
Using proper footwear and technique are key to minimizing risks, a trainer said. (iStock)
“Clients who have incorporated it into their routines have reported increased endurance, [as well as] improved posture and strength, particularly in their core and back,” he told Fox News Digital.
“It also adds variety to their workouts and complements other forms of exercise like running or strength training.”
Rucking without risks
Although it can be an effective workout, Ezekh cautioned that improper rucking technique can come with risks.
“Carrying too much weight or not distributing it evenly can lead to poor posture, strain on the lower back or joint issues,” he said, noting that it’s best to start with a lighter load and slowly increase the weight.
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“The key is to progress gradually and stay mindful of form, ensuring long-term sustainability without injury,” he advised.
Rucking encourages people to move more, while adding a little more challenge to a basic walk, the expert said. (GORUCK)
Proper footwear and technique are also key to minimizing risks, Ezekh said, ensuring that the weight is balanced and preventing unnecessary strain.
The activity can be modified to meet almost any fitness level, the trainer noted – yet older adults should consult with a health care provider before trying it.
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A new injectable therapy is showing positive results in reducing melanoma throughout a five-year period.
The personalized mRNA cancer therapy, called intismeran autogene, combined with the cancer immunotherapy drug KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), is a collaboration between Merck and Moderna.
The results from the phase 2b KEYNOTE-942 study were presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Chicago on May 27.
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After about a five-year follow-up, the combo drug was found to reduce the risk of melanoma recurrence or death by 49% compared to pembrolizumab alone.
The researchers analyzed data from 157 patients with high-risk stage 3 and 4 melanoma whose cancer had been removed via surgery. The participants were split into two groups — one received the combo therapy and the other only received pembrolizumab, according to a press release.
The therapy was found to reduce the risk of melanoma recurrence or death by 49% compared to pembrolizumab alone after a five-year follow-up. (iStock)
The findings revealed that the combination group saw benefits that were “sustained and durable over time.”
Intismeran autogene is designed using mutations identified in a patient’s own tumor, with the intention of teaching the immune system what the cancer looks like so that it can recognize and attack it.
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According to the researchers, intismeran is “well-tolerated” with a “manageable” safety profile.
The most commonly cited side effects of the personalized mRNA vaccine plus KEYTRUDA were fatigue, injection-site pain, chills, fever and headache. The researchers reported no new long-term safety concerns and no severe vaccine-related adverse events.
The combination therapy is currently being evaluated in a phase 3 study — the final confirmation stage.
Patients with late-stage melanoma have a “significant risk” of cancer recurrence, according to an expert. (iStock)
In a Merck press release from January, Kyle Holen, MD, Moderna’s senior vice president and head of development, oncology and therapeutics, noted that this data highlights the “potential of a prolonged benefit … in patients with resected high-risk melanoma.”
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“We continue to invest in our platform in oncology because of encouraging outcomes like these, which illustrate mRNA’s potential in cancer care,” he said.
Dr. Marjorie Green, senior vice president and head of oncology, global clinical development at Merck Research Laboratories, also commented that for many patients with stage 3 or 4 melanoma, there is a “significant risk of recurrence following surgery.”
Researchers confirmed that the combination therapy is currently being evaluated in a phase 3 study. (iStock)
“As such, demonstrating the longer-term potential of intismeran autogene and KEYTRUDA to reduce the risk of recurrence for certain patients with melanoma is a meaningful milestone,” she said.
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The company cited encouraging five-year follow-up data and pointed to upcoming late-stage INTerpath trial results with Moderna in several hard-to-treat cancers.
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An accidental lab discovery has opened the door to entirely new ways of preventing the flu.
While investigating how influenza replicates, researchers discovered that different flu strains use completely different strategies to infiltrate human cells, SWNS reported.
By targeting the specific molecules the viruses rely on, scientists found that they could block them from entering new cells and halt their replication altogether.
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Researchers say these “fundamental insights” into seasonal influenza highlight a clear path toward developing better preventive medications.
“The hope is that fundamental, curiosity-based research like this helps to pave the way for novel strategies to treat and prevent influenza infections,” principal investigator Dr. Emily Bruce, from the University of Vermont’s Larner College of Medicine, said in the SWNS report.
While investigating how influenza replicates, researchers discovered that different flu strains use completely different strategies to infiltrate human cells. (iStock)
While several flu strains cause illness, H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses are the most common. However, current flu tests cannot differentiate between them, and clinical treatments are identical for both.
Although vaccines and antivirals are available, Bruce noted a “dire” need for better medications to stop the virus from spreading cell to xxcell.
“You don’t get sick when a virus is in one cell,” he noted. “You get sick because a virus replicates itself and goes into many more cells.”
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The study, which was published in The Journal of Virology, originally aimed to map how viral RNA segments are transported within cells to create new viral particles.
The team used H1N1 and H3N2 viruses isolated from the nasal passages of positive patients in 2022.
Clinical treatments remain identical for both primary strains of the flu virus. (iStock)
During the investigation, the team unexpectedly stumbled upon a cellular pathway that blocked the virus from entering lung cells, SWNS reported.
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The data revealed that when a specific human protein called Rab11B was depleted, H3N2 viruses failed to enter human lung cells. H1N1 viruses were completely unaffected.
Using reverse genetics, the team mapped this defect and uncovered a brand-new, H3N2-specific role for Rab11B during viral entry.
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This discovery challenged the scientific assumption that all flu viruses enter cells the same way.
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“Viruses are like pirates from different countries hijacking someone’s ship,” Bruce said. “Different viruses, like different types of pirates, use different methods to get onboard.”
This discovery challenged the scientific assumption that all flu viruses enter cells the same way. (iStock)
“We had previously thought that all flu viruses used the same way to get into a cell, but we discovered that this is not true,” she went on. “H1N1 and H3N2 need different proteins to get in, and if you get rid of the right protein, a specific virus can’t get in.”
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While these findings identify a critical cellular pathway for viral entry, the study was conducted using isolated cells, the researchers acknowledged.
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Further research is needed to determine whether blocking the protein is safe and effective within a live, complex human respiratory system.
Bruce and the team hope to conduct further research to determine whether this Rab11B-dependency is a fundamental property of H3N2, or if it’s a trait unique to currently circulating flu strains.
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Eating processed meat like ham, sausage and bacon may be linked to a higher risk of certain types of cancer, according to new research.
While health organizations have already confirmed that processed meat can contribute to colon cancer, this study looked closer at cancers in the upper digestive tract, where the link has historically been less clear.
To understand these connections, researchers from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), one of the world’s largest long-term nutrition and cancer cohorts, tracked the health and diets of 450,112 people across Europe for an average of 14 years.
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The study group included 131,426 men and 318,686 women, according to the study’s press release.
During the follow-up period, 876 people developed stomach cancer and 215 people developed esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is cancer of the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.
For female participants, eating both processed meat and white meat was linked to an increased risk of developing the disease. (iStock)
Researchers tracked where the stomach cancers grew, separating them into the upper part of the stomach near the throat and the lower part of the stomach.
The researchers also sorted the tumors into two categories based on how the cancer cells appeared under a microscope: intestinal, which forms more organized structures, and diffuse, in which the cells are more scattered throughout the tissue.
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After adjusting for other lifestyle factors, the researchers found that for every extra 30 grams of processed meat a person ate per day, their overall risk of stomach cancer went up by 9%. Eating that same extra 30 grams a day was also linked to a 13% higher risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
A standard single slice of regular deli-sliced ham or lunch meat averages around 28 grams, according to USDA data and nutritional tracking databases.
An extra 20 grams of white meat, such as chicken and turkey, was linked to a 12% higher risk of cancer in the main body of the stomach. (iStock)
An extra 20 grams of white meat, such as chicken or turkey, was linked to a 12% higher risk of cancer in the main body of the stomach, the researchers noted.
The study also revealed differences between men and women. For male participants, only processed meat showed a clear, statistically significant link to a higher risk of stomach cancer. For female participants, however, eating both processed meat and white meat was linked to an increased risk.
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These findings align with global health benchmarks, particularly those established by the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer.
The agency has long classified processed meat as a known human carcinogen, primarily due to its strong, well-documented links to colorectal cancer.
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However, health organizations have also consistently pointed to a potential, yet less definitive, relationship between these meats and cancers of the stomach.
Eating 30 grams of processed meat a day, or the equivalent to one slice of ham, was linked to a 13% higher risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. (iStock)
Further scientific investigation is needed to confirm the findings and to account for other underlying risk factors, such as certain stomach infections, which could interact with dietary habits.
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A key limitation of the study is its reliance on self-reported diets, which can sometimes lead to inaccuracies in how participants recall their meat consumption over time, the researchers noted.
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The findings were published in the International Journal of Cancer.
Fox News Digital reached out to the researchers requesting comment.
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