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Want to prevent dementia? Do exercise, experts say. Here’s why

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Want to prevent dementia? Do exercise, experts say. Here’s why
This is the 47th instalment in a series on dementia, including the research into its causes and treatment, advice for carers, and stories of hope.

To do your brain some good, do exercise. Research increasingly supports this. No matter what kind of exercise you do, it is all good for your brain.

What is more, it is not just good for your brain today. After you pump some weights at the gym or get out on the track for a run, the benefits of that exercise could sustain for months, even years.

Research published in July by scientists at the University of Queensland in Australia showed a clear link between high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and better recall in the short term, as well as healthier brain volumes in the longer term, in a study group of older adults.
Microglia – resident cells of the brain that regulate a number of systems – become “significantly” rejuvenated through exercise, one study found. Photo: Shutterstock

The benefits among study participants, all aged between 65 and 85, lasted for up to five years after the research was completed.

Fitness

I Spent Years Believing Exercise Wasn’t for Me—Until I Ran My First Half Marathon at 35

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I Spent Years Believing Exercise Wasn’t for Me—Until I Ran My First Half Marathon at 35

“No one forced you to be here”: it’s a statement I’ve heard many times in many different ways over the years; at parties I didn’t enjoy, on weekends away when I had, in fact, felt forced to attend. Most recently, I said it to myself as I shuffled towards the start line at the Hoka Hackney Half Marathon. It was true; no one had forced me, and while that saying had previously always felt loaded — usually spewed in sulky moments when I wasn’t being fully amenable to the whims of whoever was lodging the insult at me — more recently, I have found it empowering.

I have a history of recoiling at anything with even a whiff of bootcamp vernacular, but at my weekly Pilates session, instructor Lucy Borrie likes to remind us that we chose to be there, and for the first time in my life, I’ve found that reminder reassuring rather than reprimanding. Before, I’d taken the saying as confirmation that I wasn’t meant to be there — that the space, and exercise at large, were not for me. No one forced you to be here, so if you’re not enjoying this, or you can’t complete the routine, then you are the problem: that is what I took that saying to mean.

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A Great Athlete is a Healthy Athlete: Muaz’s Journey to Becoming a Fitness Captain

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A Great Athlete is a Healthy Athlete: Muaz’s Journey to Becoming a Fitness Captain
Renee Dease (left) and Muaz Khan (right).

Fitness Captains as of 2025

All 7 Regions

Have Health fitness Captains Representaiton

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1,329

Health Messengers added in 2025

2,255

Total Fitness Captains

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Every May, Special Olympics celebrates Fitness and Sport Month, recognizing the power of sport to support athlete health, fitness, and performance. To celebrate, I met with Special Olympics Pakistan athlete and Fitness Captain Muaz Khan to learn about his journey to becoming a Fitness Captain.

Muaz has been an athlete for six years and a Fitness Captain for two years. Fitness Captains are athlete leaders who promote health, fitness, and healthy lifestyle habits within their Special Olympics teams and communities. They are trained to lead their sports teams in fitness activities, including warm-ups, cool downs, and exercises that enhance overall health and sports performance.

Today Fitness Captains are represented across all seven Special Olympics Regions in 80 Programs worldwide. In 2025 alone, a record-breaking 1,329 new Fitness Captains were trained, bringing the global total to 2,255.

Driven by a passion for fitness, Muaz became a Fitness Captain and today inspires his fellow athletes to practice healthy habits every day. After completing the Fitness Captain training two years ago, he embraced the idea that a great athlete is a healthy athlete and gained skills to lead safe and effective warm-ups and cool-downs while teaching his teammates about habits that improve fitness and sports performance.

With this new knowledge in hand, Muaz became a peer-leader for his teammates on and off the field. During practice and at Games, Muaz conducts warm-ups and cool-downs. He understands how important both are for sports performance. “Warm-ups are important because it prepares athletes to start being active before playing any match. Athletes get tired after playing, so cool-downs help them relax their bodies.”

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Muaz also shares health tips during training sessions, often times emphasizing how healthy eating habits are crucial to both health and fitness and referencing Special Olympics Fit 5 Guide. “I tell my teammates that they should drink eight glasses of water each day and have three home-cooked, healthy meals.”

Implementing Fitness through Sport within practice and competition expands the reach of health and fitness programming through a focus on three connected outcomes:

  1. Performance: Including endurance, speed, strength, and flexibility
  2. Health: Including energy, healthy weight, and fewer injuries
  3. Wellbeing: Including reduced risk of disease and improved quality of life
A group of three people standing in the middle of a gym perform fitness exercises in front of a group of people sitting on bleachers.
Muaz (middle) and fellow Fitness Captains lead morning exercises.

In addition to teaching his teammates healthy habits, Muaz also inspires his classmates to stay active daily. Every day at school, Muaz leads fitness activities and exercises he learned from the Fit 5 Guide.

“My favorite part about being a Fitness Captain is the Fit 5 activity. I conduct the Fit 5 activity every morning in front of my entire school.”

Muaz Khan, Special Olympics Fitness Captain and Athlete

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At the end of our conversation, Muaz shared advice to athletes considering becoming a Fitness Captain, “My life has changed a lot since becoming a Fitness Captain. I learned about the importance of exercise and so I do it very often, which has helped me become healthier. Once you become a Fitness Captain, your life will also change.”

Interested in learning more about Fitness Captains? Check out the Fitness Captain webpage and email Gwendolyn Apgar (gapgar@specialolympics.org) for more information on how to offer a training.

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This equipment-free workout is designed to be done at your desk to build strength and muscle

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This equipment-free workout is designed to be done at your desk to build strength and muscle

If you were interested in joining the military, there are some fitness tests you would need to pass in order to qualify.

But not all military roles are physical. In fact, many military workers are desk-based and experience the same challenges as regular office workers,

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