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Scientists say just 30 minutes of exercise a week could transform your health

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Scientists say just 30 minutes of exercise a week could transform your health

As summer approaches, many people try to get back into healthier exercise habits. Most of us already know physical activity is important, but sticking with a routine can still feel challenging, especially when time is limited.

Current health recommendations suggest exercising for at least 2.5 hours each week, with 5 hours considered even better. For many people, that target can seem overwhelming.

But research from the past two decades suggests the amount of exercise needed for meaningful health benefits may be much lower than many assume. According to researchers, just 30 minutes of high intensity exercise per week can improve health. That works out to roughly 4.5 minutes per day or about 10 minutes every other day. The important part is intensity. The activity needs to be strenuous enough to leave you noticeably out of breath.

If you use a heart rate monitor, researchers say your heart rate should reach about 85 percent of your maximum. However, special equipment is not necessary. A simple way to judge intensity is by how difficult it is to talk. You should still be able to speak in short sentences, but you should not be able to sing or carry on a continuous conversation comfortably.

Why Cardiovascular Fitness Matters

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“The biggest reported challenge regarding exercise is lack of time. But with intense, short workouts, this is no longer a valid excuse,” said Ulrik Wisløff, a professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and head of CERG, a research group that conducts research on the health effects of exercise.

Researchers say even a small amount of high intensity activity can improve cardiovascular fitness, which plays a major role in long term health.

“Cardiovascular fitness is the best indicator of current and future health. Good cardio fitness reduces the risk of over 30 lifestyle diseases as well as premature death by 40 to 50 percent,” explained Wisløff.

CERG first documented these effects in a 2006 study that analyzed health information from 60,000 people. Since then, additional large studies from Norway and other countries have reported similar findings.

Is It Better To Spread Workouts Out?

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Would it be just as effective to do one intense 30 minute workout each week instead of several shorter sessions spread across multiple days?

“It is best to spread the sessions out a bit, because exercise also has an acute effect that lasts for one to two days, so that way you get the best of both worlds,” said Wisløff.

Researchers say blood pressure and blood sugar control improve for 24-48 hours after a workout that pushes you hard enough to become breathless for several minutes. Because of these short term benefits, experts recommend dividing exercise across two to four days per week whenever possible.

Short Interval Training Can Be Effective

That does not necessarily mean sprinting at full speed or using the highest resistance setting on an exercise bike.

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“No. Your own personal fitness level determines what gives you a high heart rate. If you are not very fit, simply taking a brisk walk may be enough. Having said that, you need to walk fast enough that you get quite out of breath. You can then increase the intensity as your fitness improves. Short intervals are effective. For example, this could be bursts of 45 seconds with 15-second breaks. Or like in Tabata workouts, with intense 20 second intervals interspersed with 10 second breaks. Otherwise, 4×4 intervals are recognized as highly effective for increasing oxygen uptake,” Wisløff said.

Fitness Must Be Maintained

Can you compensate for skipping exercise this week by doing extra workouts the week before?

“No. Fitness is something you have to maintain. Cardio fitness and strength decline quickly when not maintained, especially as you get older,” said Atefe R. Tari, a researcher and head of CERG’s initiative on exercise and brain health.

Strength training is also considered important, particularly for middle aged and older adults.

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“We know that strength training is important, especially for middle-aged and older adults. There is limited research on how strength training affects lifespan, but a HUNT study exploring this is due to be published soon,” said Wisløff.

The Trøndelag Health Study (The HUNT Study) is a long running population health study in Norway that has gathered health data for more than 40 years.

New AQ Measurement Tracks Exercise Intensity

Researchers have also introduced a new measurement system called AQ (Activity Quotient).

Unlike traditional activity tracking methods that focus mainly on steps or workout duration, AQ measures exercise intensity by monitoring heart rate. Researchers say this provides a more accurate picture of whether someone is active enough to improve health.

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Scientists at NTNU and CERG developed the AQ algorithm using population data from five countries, including Norway.

AQ can be measured through the Mia Health app created by NTNU and Sintef through the spin-off company Mia Health. The app connects with heart rate monitors, although users can also manually enter activities if they are not wearing one.

How AQ Points Work

AQ points are earned whenever physical activity raises your heart rate enough to make you slightly out of breath. The harder your heart works, the faster AQ points accumulate.

Researchers found that people reaching at least 25 AQ points per week significantly lowered their risk of lifestyle related diseases. According to the researchers, the strongest health benefits appeared at 100 AQ points or higher.

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Click here to read more about AQ.

In a study examining the relationship between AQ and health, researchers analyzed data from more than half a million people. The study found a strong connection between higher AQ scores, better cardiovascular fitness, and improved health outcomes:

Association between Activity Quotient and cause-specific mortality — A prospective cohort study of 0.5 million participants in Asia, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, March-April 2025

Exercise and Brain Health

Large studies also suggest exercise benefits the brain in addition to the body.

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“Physical health and brain health are closely linked, and cardio fitness is key here as well. Exercise leads to the formation of new brain cells,” said Atefe R. Tari, who is head of a research group at CERG.

Tari helped lead a scientific study on exercise and brain health published last year. The paper became one of the most widely read articles in The Lancet in 2025.

Researchers Push for “Micro Workouts”

Wisløff and Tari are now encouraging Norwegian health authorities to revise the country’s official exercise recommendations, arguing that exercise intensity should receive greater emphasis.

The researchers also wrote the book ‘Mikrotrening’ (in Norwegian), which draws on research reviews showing that brief bursts of high intensity activity may provide greater health benefits than spending many hours each week doing low to moderate intensity exercise. (Captions)

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“We need a new Dagfinn Høybråten to get the whole population on board with this,” said Wisløff, referring to the man who was the driver behind the introduction of the smoking ban in Norway.

“In my opinion, Høybråten is the politician who has done the most for public health in Norway since the Second World War,” said Wisløff.

“It usually takes 3 to 5 years to see the effects of implemented measures, and since we have general elections every four years, this is not easy to achieve. This should be a cross-party initiative because it would save Norway 2 to 4 health budgets per year, and could be used for prevention and in areas such as elderly care,” Wisløff said.

Researchers say Norway’s extensive long term health databases make it easier to evaluate how exercise policies affect public health over time.

“Norway could become a pioneer with regard to health benefits from micro workouts,” said Wisløff.

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Fitness

Widening Health Divide Among U.S. Cities Revealed in 2026 ACSM American Fitness Index® | Newswise

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Widening Health Divide Among U.S. Cities Revealed in 2026 ACSM American Fitness Index® | Newswise

Newswise — INDIANAPOLIS, July 14, 2026 — The gap between America’s healthiest and least healthy cities is growing wider, according to findings from the 2026 ACSM American Fitness Index® (Fitness Index), released today by the American College of Sports Medicine® (ACSM) and the Elevance Health Foundation.

The 19th annual report reveals that the nation’s fittest cities consistently combine lower obesity and chronic disease rates with higher physical activity, stronger active transportation, and broad access to parks and recreation infrastructure. Lower-ranked cities continue to struggle with higher obesity, lower activity levels, food insecurity and fewer opportunities to integrate movement into daily life.

The result is two types of cities — one where healthy choices are built into everyday life, and another where structural barriers continue to limit long-term health.

“Where you live increasingly determines how healthy you are,” said Stella Volpe, PhD, FACSM, ACSM-CEP, past president of ACSM and chair of the Fitness Index Advisory Board. “The healthiest cities don’t just encourage exercise — they make movement part of daily life through infrastructure, transportation and community design.”

The Fitness Index evaluates the 100 largest U.S. cities using 35 evidence-based indicators across personal health, community infrastructure and environmental conditions.

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Key Findings from the 2026 Fitness Index

Among the clearest divides identified in the data:

  • Top-ranked cities report significantly lower obesity rates than lower-ranked cities — often by more than 10 percentage points.
  • Residents in top-performing cities are substantially more likely to meet recommended physical activity guidelines.
  • Cities ranking highest in the Fitness Index have significantly higher Bike and Walk Scores and more trail miles, as well as increasingly greater rates of biking, walking, and public transit use.
  • While park access is now high across many cities, only higher-ranked cities appear to successfully convert access into healthier outcomes.
  • Lower-ranked cities continue to show clustering of chronic disease indicators, including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

“The Fitness Index provides us more than just a ranking of cities; it gives communities the data they need to identify where gaps exist and which indicators have the greatest impact on long-term health,” said Shantanu Agrawal, MD, Chief Health Officer at Elevance Health. “Our longstanding support of the Fitness Index and the insights it provides for communities reflects our commitment to bettering whole health nationwide.”

Arlington Remains No. 1 for Ninth Consecutive Year

For the ninth consecutive year, Arlington, Virginia ranked as America’s fittest city.

The top 10 cities in the 2026 Fitness Index are:

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  1. Arlington, VA
  2. Washington, D.C.
  3. Minneapolis, MN
  4. Seattle, WA
  5. Denver, CO
  6. San Francisco, CA
  7. Irvine, CA
  8. Atlanta, GA
  9. Madison, WI
  10. Boston, MA

These cities share common traits:

  • strong active transportation systems
  • high physical activity rates
  • broad access to parks and recreation
  • and policies that support active lifestyles.

“The cities that consistently rank at the top aren’t succeeding because of one program or one investment,” Volpe said. “They’ve built systems that support healthier living over time. They are the ones creating environments where physical activity can easily become a part of everyday routines.”

Food Insecurity and Air Quality Pose Key Health Concerns

The 2026 Fitness Index also identified worsening trends in food insecurity and continued disparities in environmental conditions.

For the second consecutive year, food insecurity increased nationwide, with 99 of the 100 largest cities reporting higher rates than the previous year. The national average is now above 14% of residents living with food insecurity.

Air quality also varied dramatically across communities. On average, cities experienced good air quality approximately 51% of days annually, with eight cities reporting 10% or fewer days with good air quality. Because nearly 28 million Americans live with asthma, air quality continues to play an increasingly important role in outdoor physical activity and overall community health.

Movers and New Cities

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Largest gains in the Fitness Index rankings were:

 

  • Richmond, VA – up 20 spots from #40 to #20
  • Charlotte, NC – up 19 spots from #61 to #42
  • Virginia Beach, VA – up 18 spots from #79 to #61
  • Durham, NC – up 17spots from #66 to #49

Moving down in the rankings were:

  • Orlando, FL – down 19 spots from #45 to #65
  • Laredo, TX – down 18 spots from #70 to #88
  • Jacksonville, FL – down 16 spots from #68 to #84

Based on updated annual census data, three cities – Cape Coral, FL (#62), Hialeah, FL (#67) and Frisco, TX (#32) – were added to the 2026 Fitness Index, replacing Fremont, CA; Norfolk, VA; and Spokane, WA.

Full rankings, city comparison tools and additional resources are available at acsm.org/fitnessindex. Learn more by following us on X: @ACSMNews #100FitCities.

 

About the American College of Sports Medicine®

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The American College of Sports Medicine® is the largest sports medicine and exercise science organization in the world, with nearly 50,000 members and certified professionals in more than 100 countries. Together, ACSM is committed to the mission of educating and empowering professionals to advance the science and practice of health and human performance. ACSM advocates for legislation to help the government and health community make physical activity a priority. Learn more at www.acsm.org. 

 

About Elevance Health Foundation

Elevance Health Foundation is the philanthropic arm of Elevance Health, Inc. The Foundation works to advance health equity by focusing on improving the health of the socially vulnerable through partnerships and programs in our communities with an emphasis on maternal child health; substance use disorder; and food as medicine. Through its key areas of focus, the Foundation also strategically aligns with Elevance Health’s focus on community health and becoming a lifetime, trusted health partner that is fueled by its purpose to improve the health of humanity. To learn more about Elevance Health Foundation, please visit www.elevancehealth.foundation or follow us @ElevanceFND on X and Elevance Health Foundation on Facebook.

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The bridge variation women over 40 need to build deep core strength – without a single crunch

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The bridge variation women over 40 need to build deep core strength – without a single crunch

Building a stronger core is important at any age, but particularly once you wave goodbye to your 30s. Research shows muscle mass decreases approximately 3-8% per decade after this age, with the rate of loss increasing further after 60, and because having a strong core is so important to overall mobility, it’s an area of the body you don’t want to neglect.

Luckily, strength and fat loss coach Silvana Catalano has shared the ab exercise she credits with helping her build a stronger core after 40.

‘I stopped doing crunches and started doing this foam roller bridge variation instead,’ she said. ‘[It works] better than any crunch.’

Explaining why she moved away from the traditional ab exercise, Catalano said that ‘crunches flex [bend] your spine repeatedly under load’.

‘After 40, this can cause neck strain, back pain and only targets your surface muscles — not your deep core muscles,’ she added.

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How to do the foam roller single-leg bridge with leg extension

  • Lie on your back with both heels on a foam roller, knees bent, and arms by your sides.
  • Press through your heels to lift your hips into a bridge, creating a straight line from your shoulders to your knees.
  • Keeping your hips elevated and level, extend one leg straight up toward the ceiling.
  • Hold briefly, maintaining control and avoiding any hip drop or rotation.
  • Lower the extended leg back to the starting position with control.
  • Repeat on the opposite side while keeping your hips elevated throughout.

Perform 3 sets of 10-12 reps each side.

You can progressively overload the exercise every week, or increase the difficulty, in a few ways, including:

  • Adding extra sets or reps
  • Holding the bridge position for longer
  • Adding weight by placing a dumbbell or weight plate across your hips or a resistance band around your thighs

Why it works

‘The foam roller is the game changer,’ says Catalano. ‘It creates instability that forces your deep core to work overtime to stabilise your entire body.’

Your transverse abdominis — the deep core muscle that wraps around your waist like a corset — fires throughout the entire movement.

She added that this is the muscle which can help to make your stomach appear flatter.

‘Not your surface abs or your rectus abdominis [your ‘six pack’ muscles] but the deep muscles underneath’,’ she concluded.

Combining the foam roller bridge with the single leg extension engages your glutes, hamstrings, core and hip flexors simultaneously, improving lower-body strength and control.

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One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.

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Strength training over decades linked to longer life – Harvard Health

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Strength training over decades linked to longer life – Harvard Health


We’ve long known that aerobic exercise might help us live longer, and now strength training is being credited with the same effect. People who do up to two hours of strength training each week, over several decades, may reduce their risk of dying earlier from several serious conditions, including heart disease and neurological diseases, according to a Harvard-led study published June 12, 2026, in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

Researchers analyzed three major studies involving 147,374 adults (79% women) who were middle-aged or older at the study’s start and tracked for up to 30 years. Participants reported how frequently and vigorously they exercised, including resistance training (which can include weight lifting and body-weight movements) and aerobic activity (such as brisk walking, cycling, and running). Deaths from all causes were also recorded.

Participants who logged between 90 and 119 minutes of resistance training each week were 13% less likely to die during the study period from any cause compared with those who did no strength training. They also had a 19% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and a 27% lower risk of dying from neurological diseases such as dementia. Aerobic exercise remained a strong, independent predictor of living longer, but the greatest benefit was observed when resistance training was combined with it. Participants who regularly did both had up to a 45% lower risk of dying during the study period than those who did little aerobic activity and no resistance training.

If you don’t already engage in strength training, it may be wise to start. Begin with body-weight exercises such as squats, push-ups, or step-ups on a low stair. Add resistance bands or light dumbbells to increase the benefits. Consider enlisting the guidance of a physical therapist or personal trainer, and aim for consistency over time.

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Image: © The Good Brigade/Getty Images

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