Fitness
After Testing 60 Treadmills Over 750 Miles, We Found the 11 That Are Actually Worth Buying
Running outdoors is the most refreshing way to exercise. But with wet weather, putting miles in on the treadmill is better than putting up excuses for not running at all.
There are a ton of treadmills on the market right now, and they’re better than they’ve ever been. They have more features, use less electricity, and are more versatile than ever before. Some are virtually personal trainers in and of themselves.
Over the last several months we’ve tested a new batch of treadmills, putting miles on them in our office and as part of our own training. These are the ones that we’d recommend bringing home.
Looking for a more heavy-duty treadmill that can handle higher speeds, longer miles, and more complex training plans? See our guide for the best advanced treadmills, which cost more but offer more training features and sturdier builds.
Best Treadmills
What to Consider
Apart from general treadmill safety, there are a few questions you need to ask yourself before you buy the treadmill. These include how you want to use it, how long your stride is, if you want entertainment or training built in, and what you need as far as weight limits are concerned.
Why Trust Us
At Runner’s World, we’ve spent decades covering everything related to running, and our test team has evaluated gear from running shoes to smartwatches to sports bras. We are a team of runners writing for other runners and we understand what you are looking for when it comes to your gear.
If you’re going to buy a piece of equipment that potentially costs thousands of dollars, you want to know that you’re making a good investment. That’s why we test these so hard and make so many demands of the product. We routinely speak to the manufacturers, coaches, and other runners just like you to ensure that our content and recommendations are the best you’ll find.
How We Test
Each and every treadmill on this list has been thoroughly evaluated by our team of editors at Runner’s World. Runner-in-chief Jeff Dengate devised the testing protocol and has logged many miles on most of these treadmills. In addition, I put hours on many of them as part of testing and my own training for upcoming races. Additionally, we solicited input from other staff at our office, like news editor Theo Kahler, who has a PR of 14:20 in the 5K.
The team and I evaluated each treadmill, running for miles in every conceivable combination of uses. We evaluated how they feel, how well they change speeds and inclines, and even how they sound when they’re running. I then gauged that performance against their prices, customer service, and setup and delivery.
On that note: I know that not everyone who runs is going to be able to move around a piece of equipment that weighs hundreds of pounds. As someone with a partially paralyzed left hand, I cannot handle the set up and assembly of a treadmill, so good customer service is a highly important factor. I want to make sure that you’re not just getting a good ’mill, but a good overall experience.
Full Reviews
TL;DR The NordicTrack 1750 Treadmill offers a well-cushioned, spacious running surface ideal for taller runners and long strides, with a sleek design and a high-mounted 16-inch screen for comfortable viewing. It’s great for moderate speed training, though it lacks quick keys for 10 and 11 mph. The iFit integration enhances the workout experience, and built-in entertainment features like Netflix make long runs more enjoyable. While it’s a bit loud and pricey, it’s a durable, high-quality treadmill that’s well-suited for most runners.
Dengate says that this treadmill has “Goldilocks-level” cushioning on its long 60-inch running surface. Yes, you feel the deck as you run, but it’s not going to drain you or make your run feel unstable. It’s simply providing enough response to lessen the impact.
The length of the belt means that even the 6-footers on our test team were able to stay centered and felt as though they had plenty of room to kick out. I loved this feature of the 1750. I am 6 f00t and have a stride that some have referred to as “stupidly long,” and I’ve also been told “it looks like I’m trying to jump hurdles.” I had no problems staying on this treadmill, in spite of my drunken-gazelle stride.
Both Dengate and I love the slimmed down features of the treadmill. They make it fab for runners who tend to stay close to the controls and the console. It has a Z-shaped console and handlebar style with a decently large 16-inch screen that sits high enough that you don’t feel like you’re craning your neck from watching shows while you run.
The two built-in cup holders could be deeper and a little wider, but they’re not so shallow that your standard water bottles are going to fall out. If you run with something larger—like an Owala or Nalgene—you’re going to be out of luck.
The slim arms are long enough that you can grab them for stability when you need to, but they never feel like they’re caging you in. They have an almost pebbled plastic feel under your hand, similar to the arms of an office chair, and it felt like I could get a good grip on them even when my hands were sweaty or wet from an icy drink.
When it comes to adjustments, this treadmill is fairly average. It goes from 6 mph to 12 in 8 seconds. This is great for 400- to 800-meter training, and even the occasional fartlek, but not ideal for someone who does intense speed training and needs those pickups to come more quickly.
We love that you can keep the quick keys overlaid on top of whatever you’re watching on Netflix for easy access, with no need to click away to different screens to adjust your speed or incline. They are responsive and easy to manage—with one exception, according to Dengate. He notes: “On this machine, the max speed is 12 mph, but it doesn’t have quick keys for 10 and 11. That’s odd, because the keys are stacked on the right side of the screen and you have to scroll vertically to get to the extremes anyway. So, it’s a little annoying to have to jump to 9 mph, then hit the + button to get to 10.”
We’re fans of NordicTrack’s iFit program. If you’re buying this machine, we recommend that you invest in iFit. It makes for a better experience all around. The program can read your runs and help you adjust where needed, and though we weren’t sure about that feature at first, we found it to be really helpful during training.
The combination of the high horsepower motor and the Bluetooth speaker projecting the running programs does mean this machine is a bit on the loud side. But if you’re using it for walking and wearing headphones instead of using the speakers, it’s not distracting.
The 1750 is a pricey piece of equipment, but it is built like a tank and can elevate your runs in ways you’re not expecting. Both Dengate and I loved using this treadmill for training and non-training runs. The Netflix feature makes miles fly by (we actually both watched the Menendez movie on recent runs on this ’mill), and our joints thanked us for the cushioning.
Overall this machine is the total package, and a great buy for most runners. Yes, there has been some noise recently about NordicTrack’s customer service falling short when machines malfunctioned, but that’s not been our experience, and we haven’t heard anything about it in a while.
NordicTrack Commercial 1750 Review
TL;DR The Horizon T101 is an excellent budget treadmill that delivers impressive performance and comfort for its price. It’s ideal for casual runners under 6 feet tall, with a cushioned, three-zone deck and simple, user-friendly features like Bluetooth, incline/speed dials, and six built-in programs. While it lacks a fancy screen and can feel a bit shaky at high speeds or inclines, it offers great value, folds easily, and supports basic app connectivity. It’s not built for intense training or very tall runners, but for everyday use, it’s hard to beat at this price.
The Horizon T101 proves that you can get a great machine even if you’re on a budget. After running on it for a few weeks, I was consistently impressed with its performance, especially given its low $600 sale price tag.
It’s a small-bodied folding treadmill with a low-to-the-ground, 20- by 55-inch deck, that’s designed for the more casual runner. It is easy to get on it and go, with six built-in programs, Bluetooth connectivity, and a ton of utility. It’s a great choice for runners 6-feet and under.
It has a three-zone running surface, which has more cushioning where your foot lands, and less where you toe off. The middle section is in-between, facilitating the transition for a more comfortable ride. Overall, the deck creates a cushy feel, with little resemblance to road running. That may rankle some, but it’s great for recovery runs, splitting up training days, and for runners who want to minimize impact as much as possible.
It doesn’t have a fancy screen or bright board, but what it lacks in bells and whistles, it makes up with functionality. It does not sync with Apple or Samsung watches, but you can link up with apps like Strava and Peloton. There’s also a free app you can use called atZone, with tons of options for workouts and gorgeous courses. For entertainment, there’s dedicated space for your iPad that sits at just the right height, so you can watch your favorite true crime show to get you through the miles.
The six pre-designed programs are fine. They’re nothing exciting, but they get the job done. On the board, you can see your calories burned, heart rate, distance, speed, and incline without being distracted by anything else. It has 10-percent incline and 10 speeds, clocking out at about a 6-minute miles. At the higher inclines, it does feel a bit wobbly, with a noticeable rock at higher speeds.
I like the speed and incline dials, but it should be noted that the speed and incline dials are sensitive. That means that if you’re not paying close attention, you could end up going way faster than you want. Note that it’s one haptic notch, not one spin of the dial to increase your speed.
The deck is on the shorter side, but if you’re 6-feet or under, you’re likely fine. The arms are short enough that you don’t feel like you’re boxed in, but they are long enough that you also have enough arm to grab when you need to.
One standout feature that I love about this treadmill is how easy it folds. It has a one step hydraulic lift that could not be any easier to operate. You just lift the back end, and it folds itself up. When you want to release it, you toe the bar in the center of the folded treadmill, and it comes down with extremely minimal assistance.
There simply isn’t a treadmill I’ve run on that can beat the solid features of this treadmill at this price. It’s not for everyone: Specifically, skip it if you’re going to run a million miles, or if you’re a speed demon, or if you’re tall. For everybody else, it’s pretty good.
Horizon T101 Treadmill Review
TL;DR The Centr T7S treadmill impresses right from the start with its stable, well-cushioned, and spacious running surface. Built tough with a heavy-duty frame and a powerful 5-horsepower motor, it feels durable and smooth for most workouts. While its built-in programs are limited, it easily supports streaming apps for entertainment. Overall, it’s a premium, reliable machine that justifies its higher price with excellent build quality and user comfort.
I have rarely been impressed with a treadmill within the first few miles, but that’s where I found myself when I got on the Centr T7S. Seriously, I fell in love with this one the moment I hopped on. It’s one of my absolute favorites I’ve tested this year, and it really stands out, especially when you consider the solid programming and training options. I’ve been on over 60 treadmills this last year, logging over 750 miles, but this one just felt right.
This thing is a true performance machine, as Dengate noted to me, and I couldn’t agree more. The stable and well-cushioned (but not over cushioned) running experience is fantastic. The robust, non-folding frame gives it a solid feel. It’s built for heavy use and feels like it’ll last for years. It’s definitely a heavy-duty piece of equipment, and that’s a good thing because you know it can withstand a lot.
The 60-inch belt is ample, and I felt like I had plenty of room for my stride. One of our faster testers mentioned feeling close to the motor cover during some interval changes, but for me, the surface felt wonderful and open. Mallory Creveling, deputy health and fitness editor, praised the spacious feel and the lower screen position, and I second that. The low-profile handlebars and console with those paddle controls for speed were also a hit for me. They’re right at lower hip height for taller runners, and a hair below chest height for shorter runners, making it reachable for a variety of groups.
The 5-horsepower motor is more than enough for most workouts. Speed adjustments were smooth, though some folks might want quicker transitions. Hitting top speeds for fast intervals might take a bit longer than running outdoors, but that’s pretty standard for treadmills.
While there are fewer built-in workout programs than on some competitors like NordicTrack’s iFit, it’s easy to prop up a tablet for customized training. Plus, it’s simple to just plug into Netflix, YouTube, or even Disney+. (Thanks, Thor — I mean Centr founder Chris Hemsworth.)
If you’re looking for an all-around ’mill with a great feel and built to last, this is a solid choice. It’s definitely pricier than some other options, but the build quality, cushioning, and heavy-duty motor make it a really formidable pick. Honestly, the price feels justified when you’re actually on it and experiencing the smooth, stable, and comfortable ride.
TL;DR The Horizon 7.0 is a solid mid-range treadmill with a cushioned 60-inch deck and easy app syncing, ideal for runners with long strides—though its 20-inch belt can feel narrow. It features smooth Peloton and smartwatch integration, convenient speed knobs, and a near eye-level tablet holder for distraction-free workouts. Though it’s bulky and assembly is a hassle, the performance and value at around $1,000 are hard to beat. Just expect some bounce at higher inclines and a slight lag when reducing speed.
This Horizon model is a step up from our Best Budget choice, and a solid ’mill with a long 60-inch deck that I found to be suitable for my long stride, though the narrow 20-inch belt does feel a bit tight if your mind tends to wander on your runs. The deck itself has a nice amount of cushioning, making longer runs feel less taxing overall. However, I did notice a bit of bounce when you increase the incline over 5 percent, so if you’re a runner who likes to do speedy hill work or training for Pikes Peak, this is not your machine.
The body of the Horizon 7.0 folding treadmill is on the bulkier side. It resembles something closer to what you’d expect at your local YMCA. But the integrated features make for an easy setup and run. One thing about the body we appreciated was the fact that when you put your tablet in the holder, it is nearly eye-level with most runners. I only had to slightly cast my gaze down to watch the programs I was playing on my iPad.
Below that tablet holder is the combination digital and manual console, fan, Bluetooth speakers, and two cup holders that are generously wide but still a bit shallower than I would prefer. There is enough room to hold your water bottle, earbuds case, and a towel in the cupholders, though, which kind of makes up for the shallow basins.
As for programming, this treadmill stands out for its ability to link to Peloton, Apple Watch, and Samsung Galaxy watches. (Yes, it has a few canned running options that are exactly what you’d expect from this style of treadmill.) You can read your calories, distance, and more right in front of you. I ran a few Peloton classes on this machine, and the sync was smooth and the transitions easy.
Another gem about this machine: knobs on the grips easily allow you to increase your pace without interrupting your stride. It is the easiest speed adjustment on the market, but we did notice that there is some lag when bumping down to a slower speed than with some other treads. It’s a subtle lag, though, and if you’re running that top speed of 12 mph regularly, you likely won’t even notice.
For about $1,000 on sale, it is going to be hard to find a more capable treadmill. The combination of convenience and comfort make this ’mill a standout. I do suggest the white-glove delivery service because assembly is a bit of a pain, and this thing is heavy as heck.
TL;DR The Aviron Victory Treadmill stands out with its unique gamified experience, featuring a vibrant 22-inch touchscreen, real-time competitions, and arcade-style games that make runs feel like play. It offers responsive “Cloud Stride” cushioning, intuitive touchscreen and toggle controls, and solid performance up to 12.5 mph—all while staying impressively quiet. Though the 57-inch deck can feel a bit short for taller runners and it lacks a fan, the sturdy, low-profile build and engaging software more than make up for it. It’s not compact or foldable, but for entertainment-driven workouts, it’s a fun and motivating choice.
If you ever find yourself bored to tears on the treadmill (who hasn’t?) and thought, “This would be more fun with some games or entertainment,” or, say, you just hate the regular monotony of a treadmill run, I have the treadmill for you. The Aviron Victory treadmill: a first-of-its-kind gamified treadmill that has a giant, 22-inch screen and built-in arcade games that are powered by your running as well as various competitions, races, and challenges available in the app.
The vibrant 22-inch HD touch screen makes the several games and training programs come to life. I found myself getting so into the games and competitions that I almost forgot I was testing the machine and not just having a fun run. I mean, seriously, the mill’s real-time tracking and live leaderboards add that competitive edge that really pushes you to go the extra mile. (I hate myself for that play on words, too.)
The “Cloud Stride” cushioning provides a nice balance, offering a responsive feel that’s closer to running on the road rather than an overly plush experience. It’s there, but it won’t drain you or feel unstable underfoot.
Instead of traditional buttons, speed and incline adjustments are managed through the touch screen and hand toggles located below the board. This took a moment to get used to, but once I did, I found it quite intuitive. The hand toggles offer relatively smooth and comfortable adjustments, and tapping or holding them allows for precise or bolder changes, respectively. This is also how many aspects of the games work; by increasing or decreasing incline or speed you control the action on the game.
The 12 percent incline is adequate for most workouts, whether you’re looking for a steady climb or an interval session. The speed adjustments happen at a comfortable pace, powered by a 3.5 CHP commercial-grade motor that reaches up to 12.5 mph. And at just 57 dB, it’s reasonably quiet.
The overall design is sleek and low to the ground, at just 4-inches high, which provides a stable and grounded feel. This low step-on height also makes this ’mill a great choice for seniors looking for a fun walking treadmill for active living. It’s easy to step on and off, making it accessible for all fitness levels. However, if I could change one thing, it would be the size of the deck. As a taller runner at 6-feet, when I’m really engaged in the games, I sometimes found myself wishing for a bit more length and width. There were a few times when I got distracted and nearly ran onto the motor cover or hit the back of the deck. It’s not a short deck by any means at 57-inches long, but those few inches make a huge difference.
Aviron backs this machine with a 10-year warranty on the drive motor, which is reassuring given its robust build and 400 lb weight capacity. However, that robust build and enormous screen means that this ‘mill isn’t as portable or good on storage as other treadmills on this list. It’s not foldable, and it’s not particularly compact.
The integrated speakers provide decent sound for the games and programs, and the front-facing camera is a fun addition for capturing your “Victory shot!” which is a thing on this treadmill that I truly believe you can live without. One thing I really missed, though, was an on-board fan. I am a sweaty lady, and I like a fan to blow in my face as I run. The Victory doesn’t have one. What it does have are two deep and wide water bottle holders, which I really like, and nicely proportioned “oh crap” side bars and rails.
Overall, the Aviron Victory Treadmill offers a fun and engaging workout experience. The gamified aspect, combined with the large screen and smooth adjustments, makes it a unique and worthwhile investment. While a slightly larger deck would be ideal for taller users, the positives definitely outweigh the negatives.
TL;DR The Sole F80 is a sturdy, easy-to-move treadmill with a roomy 22- x 60-inch deck and a road-like feel, making it great for taller runners and serious speedwork. Its intuitive speed toggles offer smooth, fast adjustments, though the console buttons skip some speeds and the fan is underwhelming. While the 10-inch screen is small, features like wireless phone charging, solid Bluetooth speakers, and a tablet holder make it easy to use your own apps. Overall, it’s a quiet, well-built treadmill with great value—just opt for professional assembly.
The Sole F80 is a sturdy treadmill that’s made to be easy to move around. The wheels really do work on this machine, and whether you’re moving it to store, or just adjusting for daylight, you can maneuver it.
It features a road-like feel underfoot. In that regard, it’s more like the Centr than the NordicTracks. Unlike the Centr, though, this ’mill is less compact, with a 22- by-60-inch running area. It is bulkier than the Centr, too, but the Z-shaped body keeps you from running up onto the front of the machine, and it brings everything up a few inches, making it far more comfortable for taller runners. I had my 6-foot-4-inch brother-in-law hop on for a few runs, and he was able to stay on the belt, reach the controls and handlebars, and grab his drink easily.
Our team of testers love this treadmill for speed work. It has manual speed adjustments like those featured on the Horizon above, with the toggle right at the bar, allowing for completely seamless, interference-free speed adjustments. The time between speeds is quick, and just a bit faster than that of the NordicTrack models. It goes all the way up to 12 mph, so you’re able to basically fly on this ’mill.
Annoyingly, though, the large buttons on the side of the console skip speeds, choosing some common choices and prioritizing those. If you want to go between those speeds, you need to use the toggle to do so. Also, where is the manual volume button for the speakers?
Sole Studio programming is available for about $40 per month. And the basic Sole+ is also pretty good, especially for the price (free!). But you don’t need it to hop on and get going. You can choose one of the 10 pre-programmed runs, or connect your phone and use the screen mirroring function to follow along a Peloton or other app’s workout.
One feature I liked was wireless charging. It kept my phone going through all 20 miles of my workout, even while running multiple apps, and makes up for the fact that the 10-inch screen is a bit on the small side. The Bluetooth speakers, though, have some oomph, and combined with the fact that this is a quieter treadmill, the sound shines.
There is a tablet holder, and our testers found it fit most of the tablets we put in it. Once we placed our tablet, we cared not at all about the small screen and lack of programs, because we let our apps lead the way.
One thing about the console I really didn’t like is the fan. It doesn’t do a great job, and if you grab this treadmill, you need a fan in the room.
That being said, this ’mill has a robust warranty and is good value all around. We suggest paying the extra for assembly, which is $350 through Sole. It’s simply too easy to mess up, and too heavy to maneuver before it is put together.
TL;DR The NordicTrack 2450 is a sturdy, folding treadmill built for serious runners, with solid cushioning, a spacious running deck, and a smart, minimalist design that keeps everything within reach. It adjusts speed and incline quickly—perfect for speedwork—and offers pre-programmed runs plus thousands of iFit workouts, including real marathon routes. The large screen is great for streaming shows mid-workout, but the machine is a bit noisy and assembly is a challenge unless you opt for professional help.
The NordicTrack 2450 is what you seek if you’re looking for a folding treadmill that can handle the abuse of a marathoner or even a family of runners. It’s durable, with fantastic mid-level cushioning that is neither too responsive or too firm, a large running surface area of 22-by-60 inches, and even though there’s no cushion adjustment, your runs will remain bounce free.
Are you a console hugger? Me too. There’s nothing that’s going to be in your way, and you’re not going to step on the belt cover either thanks to the Z-shaped handlebar and crossbar design that positions you in the right place to keep those feet on the belt, even if you tend to stay at the front of the ’mill. It’s a fairly minimalist design with everything out of the way but still easily in reach, even for taller runners. (You won’t need to reach to grab your water like you do on the Centr below.)
For speedwork, you’ll find the speed and incline adjustments pretty standard for the species. It can go from 6 to 14 mph in under 10 seconds, a solid speed adjustment for those 400s and 800s, letting you fall into stride comfortably.
One thing we love is that you can pre-program your own course. That’s only when it comes to time, speed, and incline, though. This ’mill has the same quick keys as the 1750, with the same ease of use, but also the same drawbacks with needing to skip around to find the right speed.
The NordicTrack is better with its iFit programming, though. There are thousands of workouts available, including marathon courses like Boston and New York City. Dengate quips: “On one run, I joined my buddy (and host of RW’s Master the Half Marathon video series) Knox Robinson for a mountain run in South Africa. He didn’t know we were running together!”
Yes, there is an additional cost for this service, but the way it keeps you motivated and interested is worth it in our opinion.
The display is large and in charge. And one of the fun things about it is that you can stop running and leave the entertainment going. Kahler loves the fact that he can step off for a strength training session and keep his Netflix show on play. Binge viewing has never been better for your health.
I do need to mention that this is a thing to assemble. The instructions are reasonably clear, but there’s a lot going on. NordicTrack does have builders in most areas of the United States, and unless you’re handy and strong, I’d suggest you go that route. Also, while this isn’t the loudest machine on our list by a long shot, you’re not going to want to do even a walking workout with someone sleeping in the house. As a mom, I’ve made the error in my parenting life of trying this with different ’mills. It’s almost never a good idea.
TL;DR The NordicTrack XP 10i is a compact, foldable treadmill that delivers premium features in a smaller, more affordable package—ideal for everyday runners short on space or budget. It offers smooth speed/incline transitions, solid cushioning, and iFit compatibility, though its 20- x 55-inch deck and 10 mph top speed may limit more advanced training. The 10-inch screen is functional but not cinematic, and the incline motor is oddly loud (though still performs well). At $1,500 it’s not cheap, but frequent sales often make it a strong value.
The NordicTrack XP 10i treadmill is for runners who want the top-of-its-class features and quality of brand, but don’t have the size or cash for one of its commercial treadmills. This is a slimmed-down, more-compact model that folds up and stores more easily than the 1750 or 2450 models.
This does mean that the running surface is smaller at 20-by-55 inches, and it tops out at 10 mph, but this is still a good size machine and just right for most runners. It has everything you expect from NordicTrack machines, including easy-to-operate controls, smooth transitions between speeds and inclines, a Z-shaped body that keeps you on the belt, and just enough cushioned responsiveness to take a little of the pressure off of your knees and hips.
iFit is available on this ’mill, instantly upgrading the experience. The screen is smaller on this machine than others, as is the whole console. At 10 inches, it’s not a tiny screen, but also not the greatest theatrical experience—especially if you’re near-sighted.
I noticed that when you raise the incline, it sounds kind of like a trumpeting elephant. It’s oddly loud, and kind of startling at first, but it has no bearing on the quality of the incline, speed with which it rises, or performance. It’s just weird.
The Bluetooth speakers pack some punch as well, so if you turn it all the way up thinking you need to make up for the fact it’s smaller and less costly than the commercial treadmills, hold onto your hat.
At $1,600, this is still not an entry-level treadmill. But there are often big sales on these bad boys that make up the difference.
TL;DR The Pro-Form Carbon TLX is a no-frills, well-built treadmill that delivers strong performance and simplicity—ideal for focused, distraction-free running. It features a roomy 60- by 20-inch deck, responsive cushioning, and quick transitions up to 12 mph and 12 percent incline, making it great for speedwork. While it lacks advanced tech, it supports app connections like iFit and has a surprisingly effective fan. For budget-conscious runners or first-time buyers, it’s a solid, reliable choice.
The Pro-Form Carbon TLX is a great machine that’s solidly built and offers great performance, but with few bells and whistles. And basic, simple treadmills for runners can be a beautiful thing. Limiting distractions during a workout can keep you focused in ways you don’t expect.
Sure, you can connect your phone or tablet to control the machine, and you can even link it to iFit or other apps. But at its core, the Pro-Form Carbon TLX is a ’mill for the ’mill’s sake. It’s a workhorse that you can hop on at any time, get a solid few miles in, and hop back off without any fuss.
It has a fairly responsive and cushioned surface that tends towards bounciness at higher speeds. But our testers noted that even with the softer surface, they fell into their run fairly easily thanks to the larger 60- by 20-inch deck. I did note that I occasionally felt like I was going to run up onto the front of the treadmill, so if you’re a console hugger, consider the Horizon above instead.
This tread is a speed runner’s dream. The Carbon TLX gets up to 12 mph in a matter of seconds, and smoothly gliding between speeds with easy manual buttons on the front. The incline rises up to 12 percent, so if you want to really feel your butt for a few days, have at it. Even running at decent inclines feels good (as good as running uphill can ever feel).
I love the fan on this treadmill. It hits all the needed spots for me, and it really blows that air. Any woman who has done the “lift the boobs to get air” maneuver will know what I’m talking about.
If you’re looking to buy your first treadmill, or maybe you’re just looking to stay in budget, it’s hard to do better than the Carbon TLX for the money.
TL;DR The Runr-S Treadmill is a firm, stable machine ideal for road runners who prefer a pavement-like feel over plush cushioning. Its compact 55- by 20-inch deck suits average-sized runners, but may feel tight for taller users, and while speed adjustments are smooth, the 10 mph max and slow incline transitions may frustrate speed-focused athletes. Despite some quirks—like oddly placed quick keys, loud operation, and non-adjustable screen—the built-in streaming apps and sleek design make it a solid, no-frills option for indoor training. It’s a good value pick for those who prioritize realism and minimalism over luxury features.
Dengate says that this treadmill “is one of the firmest” he’s ever run on, and he appreciates that. He loves that the Runr-S is designed for road runners who don’t want a ton of bounce and cushioning, instead preferring the harder feel underfoot you get if you were running outside on the pavement. It is a firm and stable surface that lets you better gage how your body would feel if you were running outdoors. Though he did note that at 1 percent incline, it’s a bit softer and quieter.
The deck and the belt are a hair cramped. At 55 inches long and 20 inches wide, it’s at our minimum recommended size (for running). If you’re over 6-feet tall, have a longer stride, or if you tend to shift your stance, this isn’t your treadmill.
The body of the Runr-S is sleeker than most of the ’mills on this list, with thin handlebars and crossbar. This provides a more open feel when you’re on the treadmill, but the sleekness also makes the handles a bit lower, and the same is true for the console and water bottle holder. Anyone above 5-feet-10-inches is going to need to reach a bit to get to them. This isn’t a problem when you’re adjusting your pace, but it is annoying when you’re reaching for hydration.
Speed changes are easy on this machine, but the max speed is 10 mph. That’s fine for the vast majority of runners, but if you’re a speed demon, you may be disappointed. The 3-horsepower motor lacks some of the get-up-and-go of pricier machines, taking about 10 seconds to get from a mid speed to the max speed, but unless you’re doing really serious speed work, you should be OK.
One thing you should know is that if you pause your workout, it will restart at whatever speed you were running when you paused—even 10 mph. It does warn you on-screen, but if you’re not paying attention you might end up starting out faster than expected. And the incline adjustment is, in Dengate’s opinion, “glacially slow,” taking 37 seconds to get to the max incline.
Dengate also noted some oddness about the controls. He says: “The Runr-S has quick keys in two locations, which makes it weird. On the crossbar, you have even numbers 2 through 8. But, on an on-screen pop-out menu, you can select from the odd-numbered mph options 1 through 9. The same goes for incline, which goes up to 12 percent.”
This is also one of the loudest machines we’ve ever tested. Like we mentioned earlier, there is some ability for mitigation of this by increasing the incline, but that’s not going to be everyone’s cup of tea.
The programs and options, though, are top shelf. Even though the screen is smaller than on some other machines, you can stream YouTube, Netflix, Disney+, Prime, Max, and Hulu, get on Facebook, X, Instagram, Spotify, Chrome, and Kinomap. Centr has its own runners programming that you can tap into, and the volume controls are good. You cannot tilt the screen, though, which limits your viewing angle and can create some discomfort over a long haul.
This is a great option for road runners and walkers who occasionally need to take their training indoors. It’s a solid machine at a solid price, and it looks pretty good in your gym.
TL; DR The Bowflex T9 is a solid entry-level treadmill with a firm, comfortable running surface and a helpful center-line guide to keep you on track. While its controls and incline adjustments are sluggish and a bit clunky to use, it makes up for that with app compatibility (including Peloton, Zwift, and Apple Watch), a large tablet holder, and convenient speed toggles. Its compact foldable design, quiet operation, and 350-lb weight capacity add to its appeal. Though not the most responsive machine, it’s a capable and well-rounded choice for casual runners and home workouts.
Sometimes, the smallest design choice can make a big difference to the overall feel of a machine. Such is the case with the Bowflex T9 treadmill, according to Dengate. On the belt of the ’mill is a red line in the center that acts like a guide to keep you centered. If you’re someone like Dengate or I, who happen to meander a bit during your runs, having something as seemingly insignificant as a dashing red line down the middle of the belt can help keep you on track.
As for how it feels when you’re running on that surface, it’s a firm, no nonsense, comfortable run. However, because of where the legs are on the machine, you may feel a bit penned in, because they are at roughly the same place where your feet land when you’re running. It’s not a huge impact, according to Dengate, but it’s noticeable. The handlebars are pretty short, but give you just enough “Oh crap, I need to grab on” space.
You may be a bit disappointed with the controls. Timely and responsive, they are not. It has a bit of a slower get up and go, and the same thing goes for the incline adjust. I found the speed decrease to be a bit more ready, but still, this could be improved in future models.
You can pre-plan a workout, and make use of the interval settings, which is nice. But as opposed to other ’mills that you set for distance or time with exacting specifics, with the T9, you’re limited to setting them to the tenth of a mile. Setting these intervals is also sort of a pain with button holding and speed setting that has you stuck holding the controls for a while.
That being said, this is a solid entry-level machine. While the controls are irritating, you get the ability to use the brand’s app, hook up to Peloton or Zwift, or set up your Apple watch to do your workout. The board is very similar to that of the Horizon, with an oversized tablet holder, and the toggles on the grips and on the board itself. It’s relatively quiet, folds up easily thanks to the hydraulic lift assist, and the 350-pound weight limit is impressive.
FAQs With Physical Therapist
With Allison Greer, PT, DPT, SCS, physical therapist at The Hospital for Special Surgery
What are the potential benefits for walking or running on a treadmill vs outdoors?
It’s predictable. Greer says that it “allows the runner to precisely set and control all parameters, including speed, incline, and duration. This is especially beneficial for walkers or runners who are systematically progressing back into activity, either after injury, time away, new to running, or runners completing a specific workout.”
It also helps you stay consistent, which is critical when training. “Given the benefits of accessibility and predictability, a treadmill can help to promote a more consistent exercise routine.”
What are some of the potential risks of treadmill training/use?
There are risks for specific treadmill injuries. “Recent literature shows some differences in biomechanics between running on a treadmill vs overground. Differences in biomechanics result in tissues being loaded differently, specifically increased loading of the Achilles tendon with treadmill running.”
When you run outdoors, your body encounters different obstacles that help strengthen it. “Walking/running on the treadmill does not allow the diversification of movements and muscle activity required in comparison to outdoor walking/running. For example, up/down hills, turning, stepping onto curb or over puddle.”
You might exert yourself more. There is evidence to suggest that “runners report a higher rate of perceived exertion (RPE) when running on a treadmill vs overground.”
You need to know yourself and your limits to be safe. “Treadmills allow the walker/runner to easily increase the belt speed, however, make sure the speed does not exceed that which you are able to run safe and that you can continue to run with your normal running mechanics.”
Tips for safe treadmill training?
- Hold onto the handrails for stability as speed changes.
- “Perform an appropriate warm-up before working out, and a cool down after working out (e.g., gradually increasing speed to allow heart rate to rise and lower, respectively).”
Treadmill Installation
How to Install a Treadmill Safely at Home
Treadmills are a big piece of exercise equipment, and they can be dangerous if not installed properly and monitored when in use. That is why we spoke with Ed Pryts, Chief Sales Officer at Gym Source, a 30 year treadmill industry veteran, to learn the most important safety factors before you purchase a new treadmill for your home.
- Check your ceiling clearance by adding 15 inches to your body height. So, if you are 6-feet ball, you need at least a 7-foot, 3-inch high ceiling. Behind the treadmill there should be at least 3 feet of unobstructed space.
- Make sure all four contact points of the treadmill are solidly on the floor and that the floor is stable. Positioning a treadmill close to a wall can increase stability.
- If there’s another apartment or bedroom below the treadmill’s room, adding a treadmill mat will significantly deaden the transmitted noise in these situations.
- If you’re moving a treadmill into a basement or smaller room, hire experts. But if you insist on DIY, move and install the deck first, followed by the uprights and console. Either way, check the dimensions of the base and make sure you have clearance for tight corners.
- If possible, dedicate an electrical circuit to the treadmill. Additional appliances plugged into that circuit can lead to a power overload and an inadvertent shutdown.
- Unplug the treadmill when not in use. Accidental starts and stops are some of the biggest factor in child injury on and around treadmills every year. (We recommend adding a cord wrapper to the cord when not in use.)
Cat Bowen has been covering parenting and home for over a decade. At Best Products, she has tested hundreds of products for parents and for the home, often spending dozens of hours per product to ensure her reviews are accurate and informative. Prior to joining the team, she was at Romper where she covered everything from breastfeeding to child sleep habits to abortion rights access. You can find her work on Bustle, Romper, and more. Cat is a bit of an intellectual magpie and perpetual student, most recently receiving a graduate degree in gender studies where she examined a topic that vexes so many — pockets in women’s clothing.
Jeff is Runner-in-Chief for Runner’s World and the director of product testing. He has tested and reviewed running shoes, GPS watches, headphones, apparel, and more for nearly two decades. He regularly tests more than 100 pairs of shoes each year, and once had a 257-day streak running in different models. Jeff can usually be found on the roads, racing anything from the mile to a marathon, but he also enjoys racing up mountains and on snowshoes. When he’s not running, you’ll probably find him hanging from a ladder making repairs and renovations to his house (he’s also director of product testing for Popular Mechanics).
Fitness
How busy women can realistically hit 10 hours of exercise a week – and unlock the biggest health benefits
A huge new study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine – which analysed the activity levels of more than 17,000 participants – suggests that to achieve a substantial (defined as greater than 30%) reduction in heart attack and stroke risk, adults should aim for 560–610 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week. That’s considerably more than the current 150-minute minimum guidelines for health benefits, so it’s perhaps unsurprising that only 12% of people in the study achieved it.
It’s not to say there wasn’t any reduction in risk for lower totals – just not what scientists class as ‘substantial’. And it’s also important to note that the study was observational, meaning it cannot prove any kind of direct link; just association. It could be the case, for instance, that participants were already healthier and fitter than the general population. Plus, neither sedentary time nor less vigorous exercise were measured.
When WH put the findings to personal trainers, they were very keen to stress that something is always better than nothing – and they also had some useful tips for giving it your best shot at getting those golden 10 hours in.
4 tips for adding more movement into your week
Olivia Horncastle is a personal trainer helping busy women and mums fit exercise into their schedules.
Habit stack
‘I get my busiest clients to habit stack movement – so every time they fill up a kettle, they might do some squats, when they brush their teeth, they might do a wall sit,’ says Horncastle. ‘Other small things like trying to take calls while walking, or stretching in front of the TV at night work well. It doesn’t need to always be adding a full workout – all small additions help.’
5-minute workouts matter
‘Even starting with a 5-minute bodyweight circuit and building that up over time starts a habit – something is always better than nothing.’
Set yourself daily or weekly challenges
That might be trying to do 50 squats throughout the day, increasing your steps by parking further away at the shops, or taking the stairs instead of the lift, says Horncastle.
Tie exercise into your social plans
‘Instead of drinks with friends, I might suggest we go for a walk and grab a drink at the end, or try a new Pilates class instead of brunch etc.’
What type of exercise should you prioritise?
Michael Baah is a strength coach and oncology exercise specialist working with busy professionals, athletes and people recovering from cancer. ‘All that protection for your heart works best if you maintain your muscle mass, too,’ he cautions. ‘If you walk a lot but never do any strength work, you actually lose muscle faster, and after age 30, women naturally lose about 1% of their muscle every year unless they use it.’
Baah recommends doing three 45-minute strength sessions a week, using simple, compound moves (think: squats and deadlifts) that work your whole body. ‘You should finish each exercise feeling like you could maybe do just one or two more reps – this is the safe and effective method we use in clinics.’
‘The rest of your target comes from walking,’ adds Baah. ‘Just 40-50 minutes of brisk walking every day gets you there easily. Add a swim, yoga or dance class once a week if you like, and you’re all set.’
But don’t forget to adequately fuel, notes Baah. ‘Once you’re moving regularly, food matters, too. You need enough protein every day to help your body get stronger – aim for 1.4-1.8g for every kg of bodyweight. Without this, you do the work but miss out on the best results.’
If you’re more deterred than motivated by the recent study results, Horncastle wants to leave you with a few words. ‘Start small and slow, whether that’s one workout a week and building up, or starting with a few small walks – that’s how you achieve long-term, consistent change.’
‘And don’t compare yourself – who cares if Susan does hot yoga five times a week? She isn’t living your life. You need to find what works for and benefits you, but is realistic, too.’
One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.
Get the plan
Hannah Bradfield is a Senior Health and Fitness Writer for Women’s Health UK. An NCTJ-accredited journalist, Hannah graduated from Loughborough University with a BA in English and Sport Science and an MA in Media and Cultural Analysis. She has been covering sports, health and fitness for the last five years and has created content for outlets including BBC Sport, BBC Sounds, Runner’s World and Stylist. She especially enjoys interviewing those working within the community to improve access to sport, exercise and wellness. Hannah is a 2024 John Schofield Trust Fellow and was also named a 2022 Rising Star in Journalism by The Printing Charity. A keen runner, Hannah was firmly a sprinter growing up (also dabbling in long jump) but has since transitioned to longer-distance running. While 10K is her favoured race distance, she loves running or volunteering at parkrun every Saturday, followed, of course, by pastries. She’s always looking for fun new runs and races to do and brunch spots to try.
Fitness
The Best Fitness Trackers, According to Months of Real-World Testing
In the last few years, the fitness tracker market has grown exponentially. Now, you can find something for every taste, whether you prefer a discreet ring or a large screen, as well as for every personality, from the health metric-obsessed to the person who simply wants better sleep.
And in 2026, I tried many of the most popular devices on the market, from Apple, Oura, Garmin and more. Some days, I had a forearm-high stack of watches as I compared how they tracked my data for runs, strength training sessions, sleep and more. And I had some clear favorites.
Below, I’m sharing the top trackers that I tried last year, from screen-free options to the best pick for runners.
Best smart watches
Best affordable tracker:
If you’re looking for a fitness tracker that can give you all of the basics (and then some) at a relatively affordable price, the Fitbit Inspire 3 is one of the best devices out there, in my opinion. While it doesn’t have some of the bells and whistles that other gadgets offer, it really does quite a bit. Over the course of about a month of wear, I found the sleep, activity and general health data to be pretty accurate.
I also like that the device feels less bulky than many of the other trackers with screens that I have tried. The screen is 5 millimeters, which is just enough to show you the relevant stats during workouts, read notifications and texts and more without feeling like an eyesore on your wrist. However, that comes with the caveat that those with larger fingers may struggle with the small touchscreen.
To access all of your data, you’ll have to go to the app. It takes some playing around to figure out where to find everything, but once I did, it was easy to stay up to date on all my metrics. While you can access most of the basic data with just the app and watch, you’ll also get a six-month Fitbit Premium membership when you purchase, where you can see even more metrics and access additional workout videos as well.
Best for runners:
While I’ve tried a couple of Garmin’s devices and loved them all, for casual runners, the Garmin Forerunner 55 is a great entry point. That’s not to say you can’t use it for other activities. It allows you to log different activities and monitor sleep data, but I’ve found it to be the most helpful for running.
If you’re someone who regularly runs races, whether it be 10Ks or full marathons, you can find your race on the Garmin app and start a countdown and the app will even create a custom training plan for you with workouts that you can send to your device. I love the ability to create custom workouts with different pace and distance goals throughout your run (which is particularly great for anyone working on speed). If you’re running below or above your desired pace, the watch will send you an alert to keep you on track.
It has an impressive battery life of up to two weeks on a single charge, too, so I’ve been able to go on trips and leave the charger behind. In fact, on a 14-day trip, I got home and still had a day’s worth of charge left.
This is also the only device I tried without a touchscreen, which I really liked. That meant that I wasn’t fumbling with the buttons with sweaty hands on hot days or cold, gloved ones in the winter. The buttons are large enough that I could press them to pause or restart my workout, even when the watch was hidden by a jacket sleeve.
Best affordable Apple Watch:
The Apple Watch SE is the brand’s most affordable model, and I recommend it for the person who wants to stay connected, track workouts, monitor health and more, but doesn’t mind charging every day. (Though a big benefit of this new model is that it charges much faster than previous versions.)
New features include temperature sensing for more accurate vitals measurements, a daily sleep score to give you a better idea of how well-rested you are for the day, an always-on display and the ability to start workouts on your phone and track them on the watch.
Plus, if you have an iPhone, an Apple Watch is by far the best option out of all the available trackers for staying connected. You can easily respond to texts, check your email, use your Apple Wallet, answer calls and more. It makes functioning without a phone easy if I need to accomplish something without my phone nearby.
Best for iPhone users:
Lowest price ever
Apple released its Apple Watch 11 earlier this year, and for anyone questioning if they should make the upgrade, the new watch has one major perk: Extended battery life. According to the brand, you can get up to 24 hours of normal use from one charge, and I find that to be pretty accurate. But when you put it on low power mode (which I often do), you can get more than a day of use.
When looking at the other models, I would say the biggest draw of this one is that you get a much better battery life for just a little more money than the SE (considering that it’s on sale right now). Plus, like the other new models Apple released this year, the Series 11 includes the sleep score feature and can be used to spot signs of possible hypertension or high blood pressure.
I’ve also had issues with my Apple Watch screens scratching in the past, so I appreciate that the brand says this one is twice as scratch-resistant as the previous model.
Best for endurance athletes:
If it weren’t for the high price, I would recommend the Apple Watch Ultra to everyone. But for those who are active and willing to invest, I consider it to be the all-around best option among Apple’s watches.
The Ultra is designed specifically with athletes and adventurers in mind. It has the longest battery life of any of the Apple Watches, with up to 42 hours of battery life (and up to 72 hours on low power mode), so it will last through long races and backpacking trips — or even just a couple of days of going through your normal routine. It’s also designed to be much more durable than other models, as it has a titanium case and a display made from sapphire crystal (which Apple says is one of the strongest naturally occurring metals on Earth). It’s also said to have a better-than-average GPS, so your data won’t be as affected when running in urban areas where there are a lot of tall buildings.
Another thing that I really love about the Ultra is the additional Action button, which is customizable, so you can use it to control your workout, start a new interval or mark a segment. You can pause and end your workout using the buttons as well, so you don’t have to fumble with the touchscreen (which, if you have sweaty hands, you know is a big win).
If you spend a lot of time off the grid — say, trail running or climbing in remote areas — you can use the satellite feature to stay connected and send texts or your location, even if you don’t have WiFi or cell service. It can also be used to get help in case of an emergency.
Best screen-free trackers
Best for the data-obsessed:
If you’re a true wellness obsessive who loves data and seeing how behavior changes affect sleep, workouts and more, this is a great device to consider.
For each activity you do, you get an estimated strain score that tells you how taxing the activity was on your body (the score can range from zero to 21). These all factor into your strain score for the day, which includes everything from workouts to general daily movement, as well as stress and anxiety. After a night’s rest, you’ll also get a recovery score — a percentage between one and 100 — which factors in your activities and stress from the day before, your sleep performance, HRV, heart rate and respiratory rate. Each day, you also get the option to journal, so you can track behaviors, like stretching or taking supplements, and over time, you can track how the habits affect your recovery.
The Whoop provides you with a lot of interesting data, but it also has features to help you understand it better. It uses AI to create a daily outlook, which will give you activity recommendations based on your sleep and activity data. There’s also a Healthspan feature, which takes your data (after 21 consistent nights of wear) and gives you your Whoop Age (a measure of your physiological age, which can be different from your actual age) and Pace of Aging (which is impacted by your daily lifestyle choices and can range from -1x to 3).
The battery life is also pretty hard to beat. The brand shares that you can get up to 14 days, and I’ve found that estimate to be pretty accurate. In fact, I’ve even occasionally gotten more than two weeks of use out of it from one charge. To charge the Whoop, you charge its battery pack separately and then can slide it onto the device while you’re still wearing it to add juice, so you don’t even have to miss a minute of data.
As someone who is super interested in using data to optimize health, I love the Whoop. However, as a runner who spends a lot of time focused on proper pacing during workouts, for those activities, I also typically wear a device with a screen, like my Garmin or Apple Watch, to make sure I’m meeting my goals.
When you purchase using one of the above links, you’ll get a year-long membership. After that, you can choose from one of Whoop’s three membership options: One ($149 per year), Peak ($239 per year) or Life ($359 per year).
The most discreet fitness tracker:
Editor’s pick
The Oura Ring has become one of the most trendy trackers of the last few years, thanks to its discreet — and I would even say, stylish — design. The ring features sensors along the inner band, which measure things like blood oxygen levels, temperature, respiration, heart rate variability and more.
In my opinion, one of the best things about the Oura ring (outside of its look) is how simply it breaks down the data. Each morning, it takes your data from the night and day before, and gives you three scores: Sleep, Activity and Readiness, all of which fall between zero and 100. Each one provides you with a broader view of how well rested you are for the day and how ready you are to challenge yourself.
If you’re in it for the workout tracking aspect, this is not the best option. Aside from the fact that it doesn’t have a screen (so you can’t actively see your stats while you’re in a workout), it doesn’t always sense lower-intensity workouts, like yoga or Pilates, so you often have to go into the app and add them after. Plus, in addition to the cost of the ring, accessing your data and all the features on the app costs $6 per month.
How we chose
Last year, I tried over a dozen fitness trackers, wearing them each for at least a week straight (most of the time much longer) for workouts, sleep and everyday activities. Throughout the year, I trained for multiple races, including a marathon and two half marathons, so I used many of the trackers for workouts related to my training. When choosing the best trackers, I kept in mind a range of factors, including price, battery life, connectivity and general features.
Why trust Shop TODAY?
The Shop TODAY editors and writers search the internet to find the best products out there. We interview expert sources and use our own personal experiences with the product and brand to make shopping easier for our readers.
Emma Stessman is a writer for Shop TODAY. She has over a decade of experience in digital media — with nearly half of that time being focused on the health and wellness space. She has owned multiple fitness trackers from top brands over the years. At Shop TODAY she covers a range of topics, from new tech releases to expert-approved beauty trends. She is an avid runner and fitness enthusiast with a personal passion for health.
Fitness
The 150-minute Exercise Rule Helps Your Heart. But If You’re Serious About It, Better Aim for 600 Minutes
Public health advice says you should get at least 150 minutes of brisk walking, cycling, running or other moderate-to-vigorous exercise each week.
However, a new study suggests that the target is just the bare minimum.
The widely cited 150-minute goal is not wrong. The new study found it offers a reliable first layer of protection against heart disease. But for people seeking a much larger reduction in cardiovascular risk, the amount of exercise associated with that benefit was far higher: roughly 560 to 610 minutes a week, or about 80 to 90 minutes a day.
A Minimum, Not a Magic Number
The study analyzed more than 17,000 adults in the UK Biobank who wore wrist activity monitors and completed a fitness test. Over nearly eight years of follow-up, researchers tracked heart attacks, strokes, heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
They found that meeting the current guideline was linked to a modest 8 to 9 percent reduction in cardiovascular risk across fitness levels. A reduction greater than 30 percent was associated with about three to four times as much weekly exercise.
The findings do not mean that 150 minutes a week is useless — quite the opposite. The study suggests it works as a simple public health floor, one that benefits people regardless of whether they start out fit or deconditioned.
But the results also challenge the way many people understand the guideline. The number is often treated as a target to reach and stop at.
The researchers studied moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, a category that includes exercise intense enough to raise the heart rate, such as brisk walking, running and cycling. They also measured cardiorespiratory fitness using estimated VO₂ max, a measure of how efficiently the heart, lungs and muscles deliver and use oxygen during exertion.
This is a pretty important distinction. Fitness and physical activity are of course related, but they are not the same thing. Two people may report similar exercise habits and still differ in cardiovascular fitness because of genetics, age, health history, training response or earlier-life conditioning.
“Future guidelines may need to differentiate between the minimal moderate to vigorous exercise volume required for a basic safety margin and the substantially higher volumes necessary for optimal cardiovascular risk reduction,” they conclude.
Less Fit People Faced a Steeper Climb


Participants wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days between 2013 and 2015. They also completed a submaximal cycling test used to estimate VO₂ max. The researchers then linked these data to hospital and death records through October 2022.
During a median follow-up of 7.85 years, 1,233 cardiovascular events occurred. These included 874 cases of atrial fibrillation, 156 heart attacks, 111 cases of heart failure and 92 strokes.
The pattern was not simply “more exercise is better” in a straight line. Instead, the researchers found a non-linear relationship between activity, fitness and risk. Higher fitness appeared to provide its own protective margin. At the same time, increasing weekly activity lowered risk across the fitness spectrum.
For a 20 percent reduction in cardiovascular risk, people with the lowest fitness needed about 370 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per week. People with the highest fitness needed about 340 minutes. For a 30 percent reduction, the estimates rose to about 610 minutes per week for the least fit and 560 minutes for the most fit.
You might not like to hear this, but if you’re already unfit, you need to invest much more time and effort than someone who is fitter to reach the same cardiovascular protection. If that sounds like common sense, it is. But the new study is helpful because the figures it offers help frame things more clearly and offer a measurable goal.
Set Achievable Goals
The study was observational, so it cannot prove that exercising 600 minutes a week caused the lower risk. People who exercise more may differ in other ways, such as diet, income, sleep, access to care, smoking history or underlying health.
Also, not everyone can afford to exercise for 10 hours a week. In fact, most don’t. For older adults, people with heart disease, or those who have been inactive for years, that could be unrealistic or unsafe without medical guidance.
For broad public health, 150 minutes a week remains a useful and achievable goal. But if you can safely do more, the heart may keep benefiting well beyond that threshold.
The findings appeared in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
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