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COP29: Climate finance talks remain deadlocked

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COP29: Climate finance talks remain deadlocked

People pose for a photo with the Baku Olympic Stadium in the background at the COP29 U.N. Climate Summit, Thursday, Nov. 14, 2024, in Baku, Azerbaijan. (AP Photo/Peter Dejong)

BAKU, Azerbaijan — Deep divisions persist as negotiations enter the final week at the United Nations Climate Conference (COP29) here, where world leaders and negotiators from 196 nations are attempting to set a new climate finance target to help poorer countries shift to clean energy and adapt to climate change.

A new report from a UN-backed expert group on climate finance floated the idea that global climate action would require at least $1.3 trillion a year by 2035 to help developing countries like the Philippines manage climate impacts.

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The New Collective Quantified Goal on climate finance will replace the $100 billion per year commitment to developing countries by 2025.

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READ: Midway into COP29, climate action woefully insufficient

‘Not charity’

Rich countries, including the United States and members of the European Union, acknowledge that trillions of dollars are needed but argue about who should contribute to it, which nations should receive the money, and how the funds are to be allocated.

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“Climate finance is not charity. It is 100 percent in every nation’s interest to protect their economies and people from rampant climate impacts. So countries must wrap up less contentious issues early in the week, so there is enough time for the major political decision,” said UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell at a press conference on Tuesday.

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Environment Secretary Maria Antonia Yulo-Loyzaga said the Philippine delegation to COP29, which she heads, would strive to advance the country’s interest in discussions on climate finance, mitigation, adaptation, and loss and damage, among other key issues.

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“I am always hopeful [of] the process, but we have to be realistic and understanding in terms of the amount that is really needed, where it has gotten us in the number of years, and we’ve been talking beyond the quantum of climate finance,” Yulo-Loyzaga told the Inquirer.

Countries are also being urged to scale up adaptation efforts to avert rising climate impacts, which are hampered by a huge financial gap estimated by the United Nations Environment Programme (Unep) at $187 billion to $359 billion per year.

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“We need to unlock a new climate finance goal at COP29 as climate is already devastating communities across the world, particularly the most poor and vulnerable,” said Inger Andersen, executive director of Unep.

Negotiators will hammer out a “COP29 package” to ensure a high-ambition and balanced package across climate mitigation, finance and adaptation, as well as key elements on just transition, gender and human rights.

Activists’ demand

While negotiators work on draft texts of a deal, climate activists are staging protests outside the plenary halls of the COP29 venue, demanding a minimum of $1.3 trillion per year in public finance for mitigation, adaptation, and loss and damage.

“We are expecting and demanding a clear ambitious target on climate finance,” said Lidy Nacpil, coordinator of the Asian Peoples’ Movement on Debt and Development.

“The sticky issue of money is affecting all other negotiations on emissions reduction, loss and damage mechanism, carbon markets because of course developing countries do not want to be locked into commitments that have no corresponding financial support,” she said.

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“We are the first people to be affected by climate change and we need that climate finance as they owe that to us,” Nacpil added.

“The growing costs that the Philippines incurs due to the impacts of extreme weather events clearly indicate that it needs justice-anchored financial, technological and capacity building support from rich countries to survive in the era of climate emergency,” said Rodne Galicha, convener of Aksyon Klima Pilipinas.

PH typhoons

Naderev “Yeb” Saño, executive director of Greenpeace Southeast Asia and former commissioner of the Climate Change Commission, said the discussions for a new climate finance goal remained sketchy despite destructive and accelerating extreme weather events, like the recent consecutive typhoons in the Philippines.

“We cannot accept a weak deal at COP29. It needs to be very robust, not just the figure but the quality. Loss and damage fund should also be there, as well as adaptation that has a strong and clear language on developed countries being able to provide the finance. We should not leave Baku with no deal,” Saño said.

He added that climate activists had huge expectations of a positive outcome from COP29, despite discouraging political developments, such as governments refusing to attend the negotiations and the apparent withdrawal of the United States from the Paris climate agreement for the second time with the return of Donald Trump as president.

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In 2020, the United States formally withdrew from the pact but rejoined it when Joe Biden took office. —Contributed

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Finance

How Natura &Co Is Transforming Finance with Generative AI on SAP S/4HANA

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How Natura &Co Is Transforming Finance with Generative AI on SAP S/4HANA

For a company navigating one of the most consequential transformations in its history, financial clarity is not optional—it is essential. Natura &Co, the Brazilian personal care and cosmetics group behind iconic brands such as Natura and Avon, has long been committed to combining purpose-driven business with commercial performance. After a period of strategic portfolio reshaping, including the divestiture of its Aesop and The Body Shop holdings, the company is now sharpening its focus on profitability and operational excellence across Latin America and global markets.

At the center of that effort sits a deceptively complex challenge: understanding, in real time, which revenue and cost factors are driving or eroding gross margin across a highly diversified business. For years, answering that question meant manual reporting, delayed insights, and finance teams spending valuable time on data gathering rather than analysis.

That’s now changing, thanks to a co-innovation initiative developed together with SAP and Numen, a global SAP partner specializing in digital transformation and enterprise software implementation.

From manual reporting to proactive decision intelligence

An enterprise AI platform built for your business

The project’s goal was to replace a labor-intensive gross margin analysis process with a generative AI application embedded directly into Natura &Co’s financial workflows. Built on SAP Business AI Platform, SAP’s unified foundation integrating business technology, data, and AI capabilities, the application connects directly to data in SAP S/4HANA to provide finance teams with automated insights and narrative recommendations in real time, without the need for manual data pulls or offline reporting.

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The application enables users to explore revenue, cost, and margin drivers interactively, identifying at a glance which elements are protecting or eroding margin performance across markets and product lines. Crucially, human oversight remains central to the design: the AI application generates insights, while finance professionals retain full control over interpretation and decisions.

“The implementation of gross margin analysis using AI in SAP S/4HANA marked an inflection point in the analytical capability of our finance area,” said Rogério Dias Garcia, tech manager, ERP Latam, Natura &Co. “We overcame delays and raised the standard of insights by integrating margin analysis from SAP S/4HANA with a large language model connected via the SAP AI Core layer. This architecture allowed us to provide, in an agile, secure, and completely anonymous manner, a stratified and precise view of gross margin offenders and protectors—discriminating exactly which revenue or cost elements were driving market performance.”

A collaborative architecture for scalable AI adoption

Natura &Co’s application derived from a prototype SAP partner Numen created in early 2024 at SAP’s global Hack2Build on business AI, leveraging the generative AI capabilities of SAP Business AI Platform. The solution was designed and developed through close collaboration between Natura &Co, Numen, and SAP. From the outset, the approach was to align AI adoption with concrete business priorities, ensuring the application would be scalable and production-ready rather than a standalone prototype.

Numen brought deep SAP implementation expertise to the project, combining knowledge of SAP S/4HANA architecture with hands-on experience in building solutions on SAP Business AI Platform. The technology stack—SAP S/4HANA, SAP AI Core, SAP Fiori, and SAP Business Technology Platform—provided the secure, integrated foundation needed to connect financial data with generative AI capabilities in an enterprise context.

“SAP enabled the transformation by providing the technological foundation and expert support,” said Carlos Aravechia, head of Data Design & Intelligence at Numen.

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The success of the project has validated a broader conviction at Natura &Co: that generative AI, embedded directly in ERP workflows, can fundamentally reposition finance from a transactional function to a strategic business partner.

A blueprint for other businesses

The Natura &Co project demonstrates a pattern that other organizations can replicate, particularly those running SAP S/4HANA. The combination of structured ERP data with the contextual reasoning capabilities of large language models creates a foundation for decision intelligence that goes well beyond traditional business intelligence tools.

The project was built within a six-month co-innovation sprint and went live in August 2025. It is currently in use across Natura &Co’s Equador operations.

Looking ahead, Natura &Co is already planning the next phase: integrating Joule Agents to further automate the extraction of standard analytical content and deepen the AI-driven optimization of financial processes.

“The success of this initiative validates the transformative potential of embedded AI within our ERP,” Dias Garcia noted. “We are now ready to move forward—deepening these insights and integrating the capability of Joule Agents to maximize the extraction of standard content and further optimize our business decisions.”

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For SAP customers evaluating how to move from AI experimentation to AI in production, the Natura &Co project offers a concrete, replicable model: start with a high-value, well-defined business process, embed AI directly into existing workflows, and build in human oversight from the start.


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Low-income Chinese girl aces gaokao, inspires live-streamers offering help

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Low-income Chinese girl aces gaokao, inspires live-streamers offering help

A girl from a disadvantaged rural family in central China topped this year’s gaokao, attracting numerous live-streamers eager to finance her education, which she declined.

The home of 18-year-old secondary school graduate Han Yaping in a Henan province village was recently bustling with live-streamers.

This attention came after Han achieved an impressive score of 699 out of 750 in the gaokao, China’s national college entrance exam.

She has received offers from China’s two leading universities, Tsinghua University and Peking University.

Han’s accomplishment is particularly remarkable given her family’s impoverished circumstances.

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Her mother suffers from ankylosing spondylitis, an inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine, preventing her from working. Her father, who earns a living through farming and odd jobs, serves as the family’s sole provider. Han also has a younger sister.

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UK financial regulator publishes landmark AI review

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UK financial regulator publishes landmark AI review

The UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) published a landmark review on Monday that proposes recommendations to regulate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the financial decisions made by consumers.

The review, titled the Mills Review, anticipates that both consumers and firms will start delegating “more financial decision-making to AI systems,” including for agreements, initiating transactions, and executing decisions “within agreed parameters.” One of the key findings of the review outlined that while AI can help bridge advice gaps and “support growth,” there remain risks “associated with fraud, cyber security, and consumer harm.” Conducting the review, Sheldon Mills highlighted that “AI can also amplify risks: bias, discrimination, exclusion, opaque decision-making (particularly when multiple AI models interact), misleading or hallucinatory advice and erosion of consumer trust.”

The review stated that presently, one in five adults in the UK are “already open to AI making decisions for them,” particularly when decisions feel “complex or high stakes.” It found that roughly 26 percent of the population “trust general-purpose tools such as ChatGPT, Claude or Gemini for financial advice” with little awareness that such platforms provide no “formal routes to recourse” or protections.

Overall, the Mills Review identified four areas that it anticipates will be impacted by AI in the financial sector: “the transformation of firms,” “new consumer journeys,” “a reshaped competition landscape,” and “amplified financial crime and cyber risk.” The FCA projected the shift in how consumers and firms consult AI to take place by 2030.

The Mills Review put forth seven “priority” recommendations to be considered by the FCA Board. It recommended that any transitions to autonomous AI models be monitored and that regulatory frameworks and perimeters be adapted and secured. The review called for the strengthening of “system-wide coordination and oversight,” the scaling up of the FCA’s AI Lab to enable it to support AI models and innovation for agentic finance, and an “AI-enabled agentic supervisory model” to be built and adopted.   Finally, it recommended that a trusted “public-interest AI-enabled financial capability service” be developed.

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The FCA announced, in the press release, that it will launch an AI “good and poor practice publication” in late 2026.

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