World
Europe’s space sector hesitates between independence and cooperation
Europe’s area sector is debating this week how one can discover the proper steadiness between encouraging a dynamic new industrial sector and bearing in mind hyper-sensitive questions round sovereignty and safety.
Discovering the very best compromise on these two points is on the coronary heart of discussions this week on the European Area Discussion board 2022 in Brussels.
The 2-day convention has attracted 700 trade leaders in a hybrid format, with the European Area Company’s Director Basic opening the occasion in a keynote speech.
Josef Aschbacher pressured the necessity for extra non-public funding into European area exploration, whereas on the identical time making reference to strategic issues over Russia’s struggle in Ukraine.
“Occasions of this yr present that area instruments are indispensable for a robust and unbiased Europe,” he stated.
It makes for an obvious contradiction: Europe says it needs to turn out to be an unbiased area energy, whereas it encourages a fast-growing industrial area sector.
Can you’ve got each? It is tough, as a result of a variety of the companies eyeing the EU market and organising store inside the bloc are linked both immediately or not directly to a dad or mum firm from Asia or North America, and even pure EU gamers might depend on applied sciences or launch companies equipped by non-European third occasion corporations.
How does Europe discover the appropriate steadiness?
One lady on the coronary heart of that seek for the appropriate steadiness between safety and commercialisation is Evi Papantoniou, Deputy Director for Area and the Head of the Area Coverage Unit within the European Fee.
She instructed the EU Area Discussion board 2022 that the European Fee wants to make sure autonomous, dependable and price efficient entry to area by financing a brand new breed of launchers, one thing it’s doing by spending Horizon Europe analysis funding and the EU’s new Cassini enterprise capital funds to assist entrepreneurs.
Papantoniou additionally gave some trace of how the European Fee perceives the way forward for the safe connectivity constellation, a large-scale mission to launch a fleet of un-hackable communications satellites introduced in February by Commissioner Thierry Breton.
How the constellation is constructed, launched and run will point out an awesome deal about Europe’s longer-term area coverage course.
The argument for the constellation is that the EU doesn’t have its personal space-enabled community to share info away from prying eyes, so the “Union Safe Connectivity Programme”, because it’s known as, goals to supply quantum key encrypted messaging service for European governments.
Later, it’ll additionally supply a industrial satellite tv for pc web service for poorly-connected and rural areas.
Papantonious stated the mission wanted to have a spirit of “open strategic autonomy”, a brand new time period that leaves a variety of room for interpretation and debate across the phrase ‘open’.
It is a idea that was mentioned on the discussion board with a number of audio system satisfied the current addition of ‘open’ signifies that pragmatism has received over a extra hardline stance of requiring all of the satellites to be produced, launched, and operated by European gamers.
Europe already has its personal excessive precision navigation system, Galileo, and a novel Earth remark community in Copernicus. Each have been set as much as sidestep reliance on American equivalents, which might be both downgraded or blocked by the US authorities.
However the safe connectivity programme is considerably completely different, as a result of the mission comes at a time when non-public corporations are already constructing and providing comparable satellite tv for pc broadband companies corresponding to Area X’s Starlink, Amazon’s Kuiper, or OneWeb, which is owned by an Indian multinational, the UK authorities, and France’s Eutelsat.
With such a robust checklist of well-funded gamers on this market and restricted potential for greater than 5 or 6 constellations in orbit, many ask if the European Fee can be greatest working with these corporations, and switching its consideration as a substitute to the standard and safety of the end-user companies that may be provided, slightly than pursuing a novel stand-alone system.
Some established European area gamers are lifeless set towards that concept. In a pre-event dialogue, Evert Dudock, Vice President of Related Intelligence at Airbus requested delegates, “Can we actually afford to be counting on Amazon or Starlink for an entire system? I might be very uncomfortable if we weren’t unbiased.”
One other speaker echoed that sentiment.
Andre-Hubert Roussel, president of trade commerce affiliation Eurospace stated that safe connectivity “must be totally reliant on European capabilities”.
Amazon representatives in Europe counter that it isn’t who owns the system that issues, pointing to the multitude of ocean telecommunications cables that join the world, lots of that are owned and managed by industrial corporations serving governments.
Their argument: why ought to satellite tv for pc communication be any completely different?
A Fee insider instructed Euronews that one mannequin for this constellation is for governmental excessive safety devices to be constructed within the EU beneath state contracts, sitting alongside commercially operated satellite tv for pc broadband tools on the identical spacecraft.
Have we bought sufficient rockets?
Attending to area has by no means been straightforward, and proper now the supply of launchers is a critical bottleneck for Europe’s area ambitions.
The veteran Soyuz launcher operated by Arianespace from French Guiana is now not accessible, as Russian companions pulled out of the cooperation and the long-awaited new Ariane 6 launcher continues to face delays. Slated for its first launch in 2020, the European Area Company just lately stated it won’t make its inaugural launch till the fourth quarter of 2023.
What’s extra, future launch bookings on the Ariane 6 from the likes of Amazon’s Kuiper mission eat into capability for different institutional and industrial spacecraft to make it into orbit.
“It is the following large downside we have to repair,” stated a Fee insider.
Europe’s smaller Vega C launcher has its personal share of woes, too. Its higher stage engine is made by Ukrainian firm Yuzhmash, and though there may be reportedly goodwill to proceed working collectively, the state of affairs is difficult, with solely a handful of engines stated to be left in inventory at Vega C producer Avio in Italy.
Options are rising. The fast-growing Rocket Manufacturing facility Augsburg is growing a small launcher for Earth remark satellites over as much as 1,300 kilograms and just lately signed offers with each the German area company DLR and the ESA.
Nonetheless, it has but to fly even as soon as. Different new European rocket companies are set to reach on the scene later this decade, too, centered on the Low Earth Orbit market to orbit broadband and Earth remark spacecraft.
Protecting area clear
Whereas launchers require pressing consideration, many voices on the EU Area Discussion board 2022 additionally known as for fast and concerted motion to higher handle area visitors in decrease orbits, and to seek out efficient and low value instruments to scale back area particles.
Twenty years in the past there have been round 770 satellites in orbit, immediately there are round 5,000, and the determine might rise to 100,000 within the coming years if all initiatives come to fruition.
Within the phrases of Inmarsat CEO Rajid Suri, it might look all of the sudden “very, very crowded”. If left unregulated, orbit particles might make some areas of low Earth orbit unusable, he warned.
Echoing that sense of urgency was Rodrigo da Costa, Govt Director of the European Union Company for the Area Programme (EUSPA), the physique which oversees the operation of area programmes corresponding to Galileo.
He instructed the group that European area visitors administration, together with avoidance manoeuvres and deorbiting of out of date satellites wanted to be a precedence any longer.
You may comply with the EU Area Discussion board 2022 on-line right here: https://euspaceforum.com. Euronews is media companion of the occasion.
World
NATO head and Trump meet in Florida for talks on global security
BRUSSELS (AP) — U.S. President-elect Donald Trump and the head of NATO have met for talks on global security, the military alliance said Saturday.
In a brief statement, NATO said Trump and its secretary general, Mark Rutte, met on Friday in Palm Beach, Florida.
“They discussed the range of global security issues facing the Alliance,” the statement said without giving details.
It appeared to be Rutte’s first meeting with Trump since his Nov. 5 election. Rutte had previously congratulated Trump and said “his leadership will again be key to keeping our Alliance strong” and that he looked forward to working with him.
Trump has for years expressed skepticism about the Western alliance and complained about the defense spending of many of its member nations, which he regarded as too low. He depicted NATO allies as leeches on the U.S. military and openly questioned the value of the alliance that has defined American foreign policy for decades. He threatened not to defend NATO members that fail to meet defense-spending goals.
Rutte and his team also met Trump’s pick as national security adviser, U.S. Rep. Michael Waltz, and other members of the president-elect’s national security team, the NATO statement said.
Rutte took over at the helm of NATO in October.
World
US scrambles as drones shape the landscape of war: 'the future is here'
FIRST ON FOX: The U.S. Army this week took steps to advance American military capabilities by ordering close to 12,000 surveillance drones small enough to fit in a backpack as the reality of battle shifts in favor of electronic warfare.
Conflicts around the globe, particularly the war in Ukraine, have drastically changed how major nations think about conducting war, explained drone expert and former U.S. Army intelligence and special operations soldier Brett Velicovich to Fox News Digital.
The nearly three-year-long war in Ukraine has often depicted scenes not witnessed since World War II, with children loaded onto trains, veins of trenches scarring the eastern front and renewed concern over how the geopolitics of this conflict could ensnare the entire Western world.
1,000 DAYS OF WAR IN UKRAINE AS ZELENSKYY DOUBLES DOWN ON AERIAL OPTIONS WITH ATACMS, DRONES AND MISSILES
But Ukraine’s scrappy response to its often outnumbered and at times outgunned reality has completely changed how major nations look at the modern-day battlefield.
“Think about how we fought wars in the past,” Velicovich, a Fox News contributor, said, pointing to the Vietnam War. “When you were fighting the enemy over that trench line, you didn’t know who was over that hill. You saw a red hat and you fired at it.”
“Now you have the ability to see what’s over that hill and maneuver your forces quickly based on that,” he added.
A report by The Wall Street Journal this week said the U.S. Army secured potentially its largest-ever purchase of small surveillance drones from Red Cat Holding’s Utah-based Teal Drones.
This move is a significant step that the U.S. has been eyeing for more than a decade after terrorists first began employing small-drone tactics against the U.S. military in the Middle East.
According to Velicovich, who routinely visits Ukraine to advise on drone technology, the U.S. is trailing its top adversaries like Russia and China when it comes investment in drone capabilities.
US BRIEFED UKRAINE AHEAD OF PUTIN’S ‘EXPERIMENTAL INTERMEDIATE-RANGE BALLISTIC’ ATTACK
While the U.S. invested heavily in sophisticated systems like Predator and Reaper drones — which are multimillion-dollar systems designed for intelligence collection and lengthy navigation flight times and possess missile strike capabilities — it is the small, cheaply made unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) which are changing battlefield dynamics.
“These handheld, small UAS systems that you are able to take a drone with a bomb strapped to it [have become] basically an artillery shell now. It’s guided artillery shells,” Velicovich said in reference to Unmanned Aircraft Systems, which include not only the UAV, but also the controller manned from the ground. “Frankly, it’s changing how countries are going to fight wars in the future, and the U.S. has been so slow to get ahead of this.”
It has reportedly taken the U.S. Army some 15 years to start beefing up its Short Range Reconnaissance program with these backpack-sized drones, in part because there was a mental hurdle the Department of Defense needed to push through.
“It’s the mentality of senior leaders,” Velicovich explained. “These guys are hardened battle infantry guys. They didn’t grow up with fancy technology.”
“It really takes a lot of people understanding, changing their thought process. And that’s happening now because of the accelerating war in Ukraine, where they’ve seen how effective drones are,” he said, noting that drones can no longer be dismissed as gimmicks or toys of the future.
“Now it’s real. Now it’s here, the future is here,” Velicovich said. “We will never fight another war without drones.”
Teal Drones worked to develop a UAS system based on battlefield needs identified by the U.S. Army, and eventually created the drone that has been dubbed the Black Widow, explained Red Cat CEO Jeff Thompson to Fox News Digital.
BIDEN ADMINISTRATION TO ANNOUNCE $275 MILLION UKRAINE WEAPONS PACKAGE THIS WEEK
This sophisticated system is capable of being operated by a single man, can resist Russian jammers, has strike capabilities, and can fly in GPS-denied zones — an important factor that has been highlighted by the war in Ukraine.
“The Short Range Reconnaissance drone is really going to be able to help the warfighter be more lethal and be a safer soldier,” Thompson said.
The U.S. Army greenlighted the purchase of nearly 12,000 drones. Each soldier kitted out with the Black Widow technology will be given what is called a “system,” which includes two drones and one controller — all of which can fit in one’s rucksack.
Each system, including the drones and controller, costs the U.S. government about $45,000.
But, as Johnson pointed out, Ukraine’s armed forces are going through about 10,000 drones a month — which suggests the U.S. will need to acquire far more than 12,000 drones.
The war in Ukraine has shown that affordably made drones, particularly FPV drones, which stands for “first-person view,” can be made for as low as $1,000 a drone and frequently strapped with explosives and utilized as kamikaze drones.
But drone warfare is about significantly more than sheer quantity — it’s a “power game.”
“This is a cat and mouse game,” Velicovich said, explaining that drone and counter-drone technology, like jamming systems, are constantly evolving. “This is playing out at a level that most people don’t realize.”
“It’s like we were almost peering into the future,” he continued. “We are seeing what’s happening on the ground now, there in Ukraine, and eventually we’ll have to fight a war similar to it, and we just need to be ready.”
World
At least 11 killed and dozens injured in Israeli strikes on Beirut
The strikes came a day after heavy bombardment of Beirut’s southern suburbs and as heavy ground fighting between Israeli forces and Hezbollah militants continues in southern Lebanon, with Israeli troops pushing further into the country.
At least 11 people were killed and dozens more injured after Israeli airstrikes devastated parts of central Beirut on Saturday – with diplomats scrambling to broker a ceasefire in the country.
The strike destroyed an eight-story building, leaving a crater in the ground, and was the fourth on the Lebanese capital in less than a week.
Lebanon’s civil defence said the death toll was provisional as emergency responders were still digging through the rubble looking for survivors.
A separate drone strike in the southern port city of Tyre killed one person and injured another, according to the country’s National News Agency.
Israel’s military did not issue a warning for residents to evacuate prior to the strikes in central Beirut and would not comment on those strikes or on the one in Tyre.
The news comes as heavy ground fighting between Israeli forces and Hezbollah militants continues in southern Lebanon, with Israeli troops pushing farther from the border.
US envoy Amos Hochstein travelled to the region this week in an attempt to broker a ceasefire deal to end the more than 13 months of fighting between Israel and Hezbollah, which escalated into full-on war over the last two months.
More than 3,500 people have been killed and over 15,000 wounded by Israeli bombardment in Lebanon, according to the Lebanese health ministry. 1.2 million people, or a quarter of the Lebanese population, were reportedly displaced by the fighting.
On the Israeli side, about 90 soldiers and nearly 50 civilians have been killed by rockets, drones and missiles in northern Israel and in fighting in Lebanon.
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