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Rare purple mushroom discovered in Arizona for the first time

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Rare purple mushroom discovered in Arizona for the first time


An unusual dark purple mushroom has actually been recorded in Arizona for the very first time.

As reported by This Is Tucson, an elderly at the College of Arizona was foraging with pals in the Santa Catalina Hills last summertime when she found the little, lively, purple-capped stems embeded the color under a log.

Ends Up, nobody has actually seen this mushroom in Arizona previously — or if they did, it has actually not been sent to a DNA series data source. What the pupil, Caitlin Dowd, had actually discovered seems an Entoloma occidentale selection metallicum.

Or, as Betsy Arnold explains it, “It’s an extremely lovely purple mushroom. It’s as lovely as, like, a fragile wildflower.”

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Arnold is the manager of the Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium at the College of Arizona in Tucson as well as a teacher in the Institution of Plant Sciences.

Extra: Will Georgia’s parachuting joro crawler concerned Arizona? We asked specialists

What is Entoloma occidentale, or  purple mushroom?

It can be tough to determine fungis just by view, so Dowd as well as her pals connected to some on-line discussion forums to share their monitorings as well as obtain aid.

Determining the mushroom took some back-and-forth in between iNaturalist individuals as well as neighborhood mushroom specialists that disputed the mushroom’s types based upon sent pictures. They eventually consented, based upon pictures as well as DNA sequencing, that it has to be the Entoloma occidentale selection metallicum.

According to a types reality sheet released by the USDA Woodland Solution, “Entoloma occidentale is unusual. It comes from a team of vivid fungis that are typically grabbed yet are rarely effectively determined.”

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Dowd’s sampling is the initial that has actually been tape-recorded in Arizona, as well as her searching for aids researchers comprehend the types.

“That recognizes; this might wind up being numerous types in the future, once individuals do even more job,” Arnold claimed. 

“However, for currently, the types has these various ranges, as well as the various ranges happen in various components of the U.S., yet they’re actually ruled out really typical. We do not have a great deal of clinical details regarding this, as well as Caitlin’s searching for actually includes a great deal to it.”

Where are purple mushrooms discovered?

Generally, the Entoloma occidentale can be “discovered in reduced to mid-elevation blended conifer-hardwood stands,” according to the Woodland Solution.

These mushrooms aren’t extensively dispersed as well as “can not leap from hill to hill on their own,” according to Arnold. Rather, they have spores that disperse in your area. That suggests Dowd went to the best location at the correct time when she discovered the Entoloma occidentale.

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“If I needed to presume — as well as this is supposition — I would certainly state that possibly these have actually been right here over the background of the woodlands in Arizona, as well as they might be spread throughout our lovely high altitude websites,” Arnold claimed.

For customers: Satisfy the mushroom king of Phoenix metro

Is the purple mushroom dangerous?

A great guideline is to never ever consume a mushroom or plant you can not definitively determine.

“Entoloma mushrooms are best stayed clear of, as there are numerous dangerous types in the category,” Arnold claimed.

What the purple mushroom’s exploration suggests

When Dowd discovered the purple mushroom, she didn’t just take pictures of the exploration; she dealt with others in the neighborhood, consisting of Arizona Mushroom Culture Chair Terri Clements, to record every information regarding the mushroom’s DNA as well as where it was discovered.

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“Terri is one of the most experienced mushroom fanatic I have actually ever before satisfied,” Arnold claimed. “My understanding is that she aided Caitlin recognize that this was something brand-new.”

Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium Curatorial Assistant Joseph Myers describes the scientific specimen (Entoloma occidentale variety metallicum) found by student Caitlin Dowd in 2021 and deposited by Terri Clements of the Arizona Mushroom Society. In a fungal biodiversity collection, mushroom specimens are dried and then stored in archival-quality boxes for the long term.

In what Arnold called “an attractive synergy,” Clements actioned in to make sure the mushroom’s DNA was caught. This “offers it a DNA series that’s really in the DNA series data source, one of the most vital one in the nation,” Arnold claimed.

Clements additionally transferred an irreversible sampling of the fungi to the College of Arizona’s Mycological Herbarium. The herbarium is house to what Arnold calls “a vivid, vibrant collection” of greater than 40,000 dried out fungal samplings.

“That suggests that we have a clinical document that can be researched for generations ahead,” Arnold claimed. “With this sampling currently, somebody can return in 25 years as well as identify that possibly the name requires to transform due to the fact that various other variety has actually been found. And also it sort of contextualizes where this goes.”

Dowd’s searching for aids researchers comprehend exactly how fungis in specific locations transform gradually.

“Our woodlands right here in Arizona are under such stress from fire as well as environment adjustment. And also as the woodlands undertake these enormous adjustments, it’s feasible that a few of the types we have in the herbarium — the mycological herbarium — we’ll never ever see once more out in nature,” Arnold claimed.

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“Caitlin’s exploration is a remarkable pointer that maintaining our eyes open as well as wondering can aid us find prizes of biodiversity in our lovely state,” she claimed.

What to do if you discover a unique-looking mushroom

Anybody that comes across an uncommon plant, mushroom or animal out in the wild must take an image as well as send it to iNaturalist, a network of resident researchers as well as biologists that share pictures as well as monitorings of biodiversity they discover worldwide.

Several mushrooms in hills end up being noticeable throughout wet periods, like throughout Arizona’s downpour.

“It would certainly be terrific to have individuals watching out as well as getting an image (of the Entoloma occidentale) as they remain in the highest possible altitudes of our lovely hills,” Arnold claimed.

If you occur to see a mushroom that resembles the Entoloma occidentale, there’s no requirement to disrupt it; sending an image will certainly aid researchers discover more regarding the types.

“We understand it remains in Arizona, yet we do not recognize if it’s anywhere else past Mount Lemmon,” Arnold claimed.

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“A remarkable point to do would certainly be to take an image as well as upload that to iNaturalist. This way, we begin to have a body of monitorings past what we have up until now. And also we’ll recognize, as an example, that it resides in locations we never ever understood, which aids us comprehend much more regarding it.”

Reach Enjoyment Press Reporter KiMi Robinson at kimi.robinson@gannett.com. Follow her on Twitter @kimirobin as well as Instagram @ReporterKiMi.

Assistance neighborhood journalism. Register for azcentral.com today.





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Arizona

Energy bills, solar power dominate Arizona Corporation Commission candidate debate

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Energy bills, solar power dominate Arizona Corporation Commission candidate debate



Fossil fuels, emissions, electricity rates and other energy topics headlined a debate among candidates seeking seats on the Arizona Corporation Commission. Six contenders are vying for three openings.

Six candidates vying for three open seats on Arizona’s utility-regulatory panel sparred on Sept. 26 over the state’s long-term energy policy, with the three Democrats urging a more rapid embrace of solar power and their three Republican counterparts stressing the need for a broader mix including natural gas to ensure reliability.

Democrats including Ylenia Aguilar attacked the current Republican-dominated Arizona Corporation Commission for allowing electricity bills to increase. One of the commission’s most visible actions earlier this year was approving a rate hike for Arizona Public Service that boosted electric bills for the utility’s residential customers by around 8% on average.

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“People are suffering and can’t pay their bills,” Aguilar said.

But Republicans including Lea Marquez Peterson, the only commissioner seeking re-election in the Nov. 5 vote, said the commission sliced APS’ funding request by more than $200 million from what was requested. She also stressed the need for high energy reliability, along with the investments needed to ensure it.

Arizona can’t afford temporary power disruptions that, she said, have plagued neighboring California. “If we lost power in Arizona in the summer, it would be a life-or-death issue,” Peterson said.

Fellow Republican Rene Lopez endorsed an “all-of-the-above” approach. The energy-mix debate largely focused on natural gas plants that can run well into the evening, after the Sun sets. Aguilar complained about air pollution around metro Phoenix and said the natural-gas plants aren’t desirable near any neighborhoods. But Republican Rachel Walden noted that these generating stations can be turned on quickly, at any time of day or night.

Energy policies and APS’ rate hike dominated the debate, though the discussion also veered into water availability and the struggles facing many small water utilities in rural parts of Arizona that have been hiking rates yet, in many cases, have not made necessary infrastructure improvements. Democrat Joshua Polacheck said the dire conditions of many of these companies shows the need for “change, a different approach,” at the Commission.

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Candidates from both political parties spoke out in favor of solar energy, but the enthusiasm from Republicans was more measured.

“Solar doesn’t work at night, and the wind doesn’t always blow,” Peterson said.

That drew a rebuke from Democrat Jonathan Hill, who advocates for storing solar energy during low-demand periods of the day in industrial-scale battery parks for release later, as APS, Salt River Project and other utilities are doing. “Of course we know the Sun goes down at night,” Hill remarked, sarcastically.

The hour-long program sponsored by Arizona PBS and moderated by Ted Simons, host of “Arizona Horizon,” was more cantakerous, with more interruptions, than a Sept. 2 debate involving the same six candidates and sponsored by the Arizona Clean Election Commission.

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Republicans hold a 4-1 edge currently on the comisssion, with Republicans Nick Myers and Kevin Thompson not up for re-election this November. Democrats urged voters to set a new course by electing candidates from their party.

Democrat Joshua Polacheck implied that Republicans on the panel are too cozy with “rapacious corporations that are picking our pockets.” Arizona residents, he said, “know their rates have been going up.”

Republican candidate Lopez said Arizonans pay the second-lowest rates in the nation, but Hill criticized that finding because it came from WalletHub, a personal finance app that, he said, “most people have never heard of.”

Walden said it’s important to embrace a broad energy mix and to let market forces dictate prices, as that will lead to the “cheapest options.” She also said it’s important for voters to realize that utilities like APS, in their rate-application cases, are largely seeking to recoup costs on investments they already have made. And because rate cases come up only every few years on average, the increases seem larger compared to more, minor adjustments along the way, she explained.

Both sides have focused on the need to keep rates affordable for consumers and businesses while ensuring that Arizona has the power-generation capacity to support population increases and economic growth. Much of that is coming from relatively new entities such as semiconductor-plant expansions and data centers, a power-intensive industry where metro Phoenix has emerged as a national leader.

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The Arizona PBS date was held on the same day that SRP and NextEra Energy Resources unveiled a new wind farm on private land halfway between Flagstaff and the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. All of the clean energy from that project, enough to power around 40,000 homes, has been allocated to a new Google data center in Mesa.

Candidates from both parties largely steered clear of presidential politics, though Walden in her closing statement blamed the Biden-Harris Administration for regulations and other policies that, she said, have worsened pricing pressures in the utility industry.

Reach the writer at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com.



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Arizona Lottery Pick 3, Fantasy 5 results for September 26, 2024

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Arizona Lottery Pick 3, Fantasy 5 results for September 26, 2024


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The Arizona Lottery offers multiple draw games for those aiming to win big.

Arizona offers Powerball, Mega Millions, The Pick, Triple Twist, Fantasy 5 and Pick 3 as well as Scratchers, Quick Draw and Fast Play.

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Lottery players have seen enormous jackpots recently, with previous winners of both the Powerball and Mega Millions breaking into the top 10 largest jackpots in U.S. lottery history. Money raised from Arizona lottery games goes toward funding higher education, health and human services, environmental conservation and economic and business development in the state.

Pick 3

1-9-0

Check Pick 3 payouts and previous drawings here.

Fantasy 5

11-12-21-29-36

Check Fantasy 5 payouts and previous drawings here.

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Triple Twist

04-17-21-27-28-37

Check Triple Twist payouts and previous drawings here.

Feeling lucky? Explore the latest lottery news and results

Are you a winner? Here’s how to claim your lottery prize

All Arizona Lottery retailers will redeem prizes up to $100 and may redeem winnings up to $599. For prizes over $599, winners can submit winning tickets through the mail or in person at Arizona Lottery offices. By mail, send a winner claim form, winning lottery ticket and a copy of a government-issued ID to P.O. Box 2913, Phoenix, AZ 85062.

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To submit in person, sign the back of your ticket, fill out a winner claim form and deliver the form, along with the ticket and government-issued ID to any of these locations:

Phoenix Arizona Lottery Office: 4740 E. University Drive, Phoenix, AZ 85034, 480-921-4400. Hours: 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, closed holidays. This office can cash prizes of any amount.

Tucson Arizona Lottery Office: 2955 E. Grant Road, Tucson, AZ 85716, 520-628-5107. Hours: 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, closed holidays. This office can cash prizes of any amount.

Phoenix Sky Harbor Lottery Office: Terminal 4 Baggage Claim, 3400 E. Sky Harbor Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85034, 480-921-4424. Hours: 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Sunday, closed holidays. This office can cash prizes up to $49,999.

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Kingman Arizona Lottery Office: Inside Walmart, 3396 Stockton Hill Road, Kingman, AZ 86409, 928-753-8808. Hours: 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday and Sunday, closed holidays. This office can cash prizes up to $49,999.

Check previous winning numbers and payouts at https://www.arizonalottery.com/.

Winning lottery numbers are sponsored by Jackpocket, the official digital lottery courier of the USA TODAY Network.

Where can you buy Arizona lottery tickets?

Tickets can be purchased in person at gas stations, convenience stores and grocery stores. Some airport terminals may also sell lottery tickets.

You can also order tickets online through Jackpocket, the official digital lottery courier of the USA TODAY Network, in these U.S. states and territories: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Puerto Rico, Texas, Washington, D.C., and West Virginia. The Jackpocket app allows you to pick your lottery game and numbers, place your order, see your ticket and collect your winnings all using your phone or home computer.

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Jackpocket is the official digital lottery courier of the USA TODAY Network. Gannett may earn revenue for audience referrals to Jackpocket services. GAMBLING PROBLEM? CALL 1-800-GAMBLER, Call 877-8-HOPENY/text HOPENY (467369) (NY). 18+ (19+ in NE, 21+ in AZ). Physically present where Jackpocket operates. Jackpocket is not affiliated with any State Lottery. Eligibility Restrictions apply. Void where prohibited. Terms: jackpocket.com/tos.

This results page was generated automatically using information from TinBu and a template written and reviewed by an Arizona Republic editor. You can send feedback using this form.



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Arizona Wildcats Head Coach’s Stock Remains Steady Ahead of Biggest Test So Far

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Arizona Wildcats Head Coach’s Stock Remains Steady Ahead of Biggest Test So Far


The Arizona Wildcats approach their biggest test of the season so far, traveling to Salt Lake City, Utah to take on the 10th-ranked Utah Utes at Rice-Eccles Stadium, to officially open Big-12 play.

With Brent Brennan wearing the headset and manning the clipboard in his first season with the Wildcats, they have started the year 2-1, scoring exactly 100 points through their first three games, but losing to their only ranked opponent so far, the Kansas State Wildcats.

It has still been a good start to Brennan’s tenure with Arizona, only his second job as the head coach of a football team.

In a recent article for Bleacher Report, Morgan Moriarty took a look at all of the first-year coaches throughout the college football landscape and how their stock has faired through the first month of the season.

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With 30 first-year head coaches in the college football ranks this year, Brennan’s stock for the Wildcats has remained steady.

“Arizona is 2-1 with wins over New Mexico and Northern Arizona,” writes Moriarty, “but a 31-7 loss on the road to Kansas State. So, it’s hard to draw too many meaningful conclusions through these three games.”

Brennan has led his team to victory in the games that they were supposed to win so far, with his only loss being an expected one against a top-25 team.

The schedule does not get much easier for Brennan and Arizona, with their game this Saturday against a top 10 team, and one more game against a team currently in the top 25.

The Wildcats do get a reprieve with some of their toughest opponents traveling to Tucson to play at Arizona Stadium, but there is still a lot of football left to play.

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Quarterback Noah Fifita has been a boon to Arizona’s season so far, throwing for 863 yards with five touchdowns to only three interceptions across the team’s first three games.

Receiver Tetairoa McMillan has been the top target of Fifita this year, already accruing 453 yards and four touchdowns.

Saturday will be a huge indicator of how the rest of the season will go for the Wildcats.

But Brennan should still be given time to build the program to his specifications, something he has already been working toward.

Brennan’s 2025 recruiting class is currently ranked 47th overall, and 10th in the Big 12, with a commitment from a four-star receiver, Terry Shelton.

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If Brennan is given the time necessary to build the program and recruit, he could help lead Arizona back to prominence in their new conference.

He just needs the time to do so.



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